环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 5-(3-methyloxiran-2-yl)pentanenitrile | 54125-36-9 | C8H13NO |
| —— | (Z)-3-(5-chloro-3-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-2,2-dimethyloxirane | 1175500-04-5 | C10H17ClO |
| —— | Spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-7,2'-oxirane] | 6572-49-2 | C8H10O |
| —— | (4R,5R)-4,5-dibutyl-2-ethoxy-1,3-dioxolane | 167259-31-6 | C13H26O3 |
| —— | methyl 3-heptyl-2-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 82235-03-8 | C12H22O3 |
| —— | 1072807-91-0 | C13F24O6 | |
| —— | 3,4-Dichlor-2,2,5,5-tetrafluor-tetrahydrofuran | 66711-88-4 | C4H2Cl2F4O |
| —— | 4a,4b-Epoxy-β-perhydro-phenanthren | 16041-52-4 | C14H22O |
| —— | 3,3-dibutyl-2-carbamoyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid methyl ester | 13942-42-2 | C13H23NO4 |
| —— | methyl trans-2,3-epoxyhexadecanoate | 70858-12-7 | C17H32O3 |
| —— | 5-phenyl-2-trimethylsilanyloxy-isoxazolidine-3,3-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester | 38666-88-5 | C16H23NO6Si |
| —— | 2-Methyl-2-(2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl)oxiran | 58368-29-9 | C8H14O |
| —— | 3-Methyl-3-phenyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid isopropyl ester | 902264-42-0 | C13H16O3 |
| —— | 1,1-dimethylethyl 2-chloro-3-(isopropyl) oxirane carboxylate | 102191-49-1 | C10H17ClO3 |
| —— | (9-chloro-4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9-dodecafluoronon-2-en-1-yl)oxymethyloxirane | 1095432-28-2 | C12H9ClF12O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2,6-dicyclohexyl-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol | 1416228-27-7 | C19H34O2 |
| —— | 19-Methyl-7,15-dioxatrispiro<5,1,0,5,3,2>nonadec-18-ene-16-one | 109130-24-7 | C18H26O3 |
| —— | 4-Acetyl-3-methyl-2-methoxy-2,3-dihydrofuran | 85255-06-7 | C8H12O3 |
| —— | 3-((2R,3R)-5-methoxy-3-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)propan-1-ol | 1147759-66-7 | C9H18O3 |
| —— | (R)-N-isobutyl-2-pivaloyloxirane-2-carboxamide | 1387590-19-3 | C12H21NO3 |
| —— | (R)-2-((S)-1,1-dimethoxybutan-2-yl)oxirane | 1289129-38-9 | C8H16O3 |
| —— | trans-2-cyano-2-ethyl-cis-4,6-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane | 433684-39-0 | C9H15NO2 |
| —— | 3-vinyloxypropoxymethyloxirane | 16801-20-0 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | 3-tert-Butyl-2-carbamoyl-3-methyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 13942-40-0 | C10H17NO4 |
| —— | <4-(2,3-Epoxy-propyloxy)-butyl>-<2-tripropylgermyl-aethyl>-aether | 63242-72-8 | C18H38GeO3 |
| —— | 2-methoxy-2,5-dimethyl-5-(2,2-dimethylethyl)-(Δ<sup>3</sup>)-1,3,4-oxadiazole | 141981-43-3 | C9H18N2O2 |
| —— | 129467-72-7 | C15H17Cl4O6P | |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-3-tert-butyl-4-oxy-pentanoic acid ethyl ester | 77292-41-2 | C11H18O4 |
| —— | 2-(9-butyloctadecyloxymethyl)-oxirane | 254963-91-2 | C25H50O2 |
| —— | 3-butyl-3-ethyloxirane-2,2-dicarbonitrile | 78032-67-4 | C10H14N2O |
| —— | Ethyl (2S,3R)-2,3-epoxydecanoate | 161346-13-0 | C12H22O3 |
| —— | N,N-diisopropyl-2,3-epoxy-3-phenylpentanamide | 1207506-71-5 | C17H25NO2 |
| —— | 2,3-Epoxy-buttersaeure-2,3-epoxy-propyl-ester | 99620-19-6 | C7H10O4 |
| —— | 3-Ethoxy-1-oxaspiro<3.5>nonan | 18267-31-7 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 2-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydrofuran | 1041861-59-9 | C10H16O |
| —— | 220125-72-4 | C12H24O3 | |
| —— | spiro[adamantane-2,3'-oxirane]-2'-carboxylic acid | 76527-34-9 | C12H16O3 |
| —— | 2,5-Diethyl-3,6-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxan | 945-72-2 | C10H20O4 |
| —— | 18302-31-3 | C14H18O5 | |
| —— | 2,2,5,6,6-pentamethyl-4,5-epoxy-3-heptanone | 74097-52-2 | C12H22O2 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-3-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxymethyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 109875-01-6 | C12H24O4Si |
| —— | 2-(6-methoxyhexylthiomethyl)oxirane | 127480-75-5 | C10H20O2S |
| —— | 3-Cyclopentyl-2-oxiranecarboxylic acid | 6053-70-9 | C8H12O3 |
| —— | cis-5,6-dihydro-2-hydroxyethyl-5-acetoxyethyl-2H-pyrane | 80502-33-6 | C11H18O4 |
| —— | (6R,7S)-6,7-epoxy-3,9-heneicosadiyne | 140147-54-2 | C21H34O |
| —— | (2S)-3,3-dimethyl-2-[(5R)-5-methylcyclopenten-1-yl]-6-methylideneoxane | 132166-22-4 | C14H22O |
| —— | (1S,3S,4R,4aR,9aR)-3-Ethylsulfanyl-4-hydroxy-6,6,8,8-tetraisopropyl-tetrahydro-2,5,7,9-tetraoxa-6,8-disila-benzocycloheptene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 213453-61-3 | C21H42O7SSi2 |
| —— | 2-Pent-1-enyloxirane | 1219502-91-6 | C7H12O |
| —— | (R)-2-((S)-1,1-dimethoxy-3-methylbutan-2-yl)oxirane | 1289129-39-0 | C9H18O3 |
| —— | 10-methyl-dodecahydro-4a,10-oxaethano-phenanthrene | 97811-55-7 | C16H26O |