环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | [3-(3-chloro-2-oxiranylmethoxy-propoxy)-propyl]-diethyl-methyl-silane | 38033-31-7 | C14H29ClO3Si |
| —— | 1173019-75-4 | C9H16O3 | |
| —— | (1R,4S,5S,6R)-5,6-bis((oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)methyl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene | 1269782-89-9 | C14H20O5 |
| —— | (4S)-2-diethylamino-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane-4r,5t-dicarboxylic acid diisopropyl ester | 664302-77-6 | C14H26NO6P |
| —— | (2R,3R,6S)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyloctanal | 150338-50-4 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 1,17-di(oxiran-2-yl)-2,9,16-trioxa-6,12-dithiaheptadecane | 1453204-72-2 | C16H30O5S2 |
| —— | (1R,2S,4S,7R,8R)-7-Methyl-3,9-dioxa-tricyclo[6.1.0.0<sup>2,4</sup>]non-5-ene | 113667-61-1 | C8H10O2 |
| —— | 2,4-O-Benzylidene-D-glucaric acid N,N'-diamide | 14790-90-0 | C13H16N2O6 |
| —— | 2-Methyl-3-isopropyl-oxetan | 22983-44-4 | C7H14O |
| —— | 3,4,4-trimethylisoxazolidine | 86043-94-9 | C6H13NO |
| —— | ((Z)-2-But-2-enyl)-tetrahydro-pyran-2-carboxylic acid | 84389-23-1 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 3-cyclohexyl-2,3-epoxypropan-1-ol | 86990-94-5 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | 2,2-diethyl-3,5-dimethyl-5-propyl-1,2-oxasilolane | 1604829-05-1 | C12H26OSi |
| —— | 4-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxymethyl-3-methyloxiran-2-yl]-3,3-dimethylbutanenitrile | 1356620-63-7 | C10H17NO2 |
| —— | 6-iodo-8,11-bis(trifluoromethyl)-8,10,10,11,13,13,14,14,15,15,15-undecafluoro-1,2-epoxy-4,9,12-trioxapentadecane | 1095432-23-7 | C14H10F17IO4 |
| —— | 2-(3,3-Dimethoxypropyl)-5-(2-ethyl-3,3-dimethoxypropyl)-tetrahydrofuran | 1158-32-3 | C16H32O5 |
| —— | octachloro-[1,4]dioxane | 98020-91-8 | C4Cl8O2 |
| —— | 1,4-anhydro-2-amino-2-deoxy-3,5-O-(1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyl-1,3-disiloxanediyl)-D-arabinitol | 149097-60-9 | C17H37NO4Si2 |
| —— | 2,3-Epoxy-buttersaeure-<2-ethyl-hexyl-ester> | 100250-46-2 | C12H22O3 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-Methyl-2,3-epoxy-1-butanol | 92315-27-0 | C5H10O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S,5Z)-2,3-epoxy-5-pentadecen-1-ol | 139185-85-6 | C15H28O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-phenethyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid dimethylamide | 485809-26-5 | C13H17NO2 |
| —— | 1.2-Difluor-1-tert.-butyloxiran | 69052-84-2 | C6H10F2O |
| —— | 154659-41-3 | C11H18O3 | |
| —— | 7,8-Epoxy-2,6-dimethyloct-1-en | 99977-86-3 | C10H18O |
| —— | Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-decyl-, ethyl ester | 108492-47-3 | C15H28O3 |
| —— | (2S,3S,6S)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyloctanal | 150338-52-6 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-Trifluoromethyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 125072-83-5 | C6H7F3O3 |
| —— | 3(S)-isobutyl-5(S)-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-4(S)-vinyl-tetrahydro-furan-2(S)-carboxylic acid | 310890-08-5 | C14H24O5 |
| —— | 2-[2-[3-(Oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propylsulfanyl]ethoxy]ethanethiol | 1622990-19-5 | C10H20O3S2 |
| —— | 2-(9-Chlorononyl)oxirane | 830-14-8 | C11H21ClO |
| —— | (Z)-2-(heptadec-8-en-1-yl)oxirane | 1366405-38-0 | C19H36O |
| —— | Methyl 3,3-tetramethyleneoxirane-2-carboxylate | 73039-82-4 | C7H10O3 |
| —— | 2-Propoxyoxirane | 34410-16-7 | C5H10O2 |
| —— | 1,3-bis(1,2-epoxyethyl)adamantane | 237750-03-7 | C14H20O2 |
| —— | 5-methoxy-3,3,5-trimethyl-isoxazolidine-2-carboxylic acid allylamide | 71483-39-1 | C11H20N2O3 |
| —— | Ethylenglykol-bis-(2,3-epoxy-butyrat) | 99173-77-0 | C10H14O6 |
| —— | 1-Methylspiro<adamantan-2,2'-oxiran> | 75245-17-9 | C12H18O |
| —— | ((2R,3S,4s,5R,6S)-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,6-diyl)-dimethanol | 1193091-48-3 | C10H20O4 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-decyloxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 132665-44-2 | C13H24O3 |
| —— | (1R,5R,7S)-5-isopropyl-2-methyl-7-[(E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene | 1248388-57-9 | C14H22O |
| —— | 1,2:5,6-dianhydro-3,4-di-O-(2-methoxyethoxymethyl)-D-mannitol | 313054-69-2 | C14H26O8 |
| —— | 2-(3,3-Dimethoxypropyl)-5-(2-methyl-3,3-dimethoxypropyl)-tetrahydrofuran | 2476-64-4 | C15H30O5 |
| —— | 3-phenyloxirane-2-carbohydrazide | 5814-13-1 | C9H10N2O2 |
| —— | 3<i>t</i>-ethyl-2-methyl-oxirane-<i>r</i>-carbonitrile | 15344-41-9 | C6H9NO |
| —— | 4,4,4-Trifluoro-3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,2-epoxybutane | 161228-21-3 | C6H3F9O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-Phenyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid tert-butylamide | 119163-40-5 | C13H17NO2 |
| —— | <(2-bromo-3-fluoropropoxy)methyl>oxirane | 141038-88-2 | C6H10BrFO2 |
| —— | (1α,2β,3α,5α,7α)-2-Chlor-4,8-dioxatricyclo<5.1.0.0<sup>3,5</sup>>octan | 90851-96-0 | C6H7ClO2 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-4-(2,3-epoxy-propoxy)-2,4-dimethyl-pentane | 99978-53-7 | C10H18O3 |
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