环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 2,3-dimethyl-3-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxiranecarboxylic acid <i>tert</i>-butyl ester | 94428-28-1 | C15H26O3 |
| —— | ((1R,3S,4R,5R)-7,7-Difluoro-3-hydroxymethyl-2,6-dioxa-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-4-yl)-methanol | 121652-02-6 | C7H10F2O4 |
| —— | 3-Methyl-3-(R)-oxiranyl-butyronitrile | 64788-81-4 | C7H11NO |
| —— | [(2S,3S)-3-(3,3-Dichloro-allyl)-2-isopropyl-oxiranyl]-acetic acid | 69939-32-8 | C10H14Cl2O3 |
| —— | ethyl 2,3-epoxy-2-methyldecanoate | 107449-50-3 | C13H24O3 |
| —— | (2Z)-Brom-1-epoxy-4,5-penten-2 | 73885-75-3 | C5H7BrO |
| —— | 2-[(3,5-diethyl-2-propan-2-yloxy-1,4,2λ5-dioxaphospholan-2-ylidene)methyl]-3,5-diethyl-2,2-di(propan-2-yloxy)-1,4,2λ5-dioxaphospholane | 123146-84-9 | C22H46O7P2 |
| —— | sodium (2S,3S)-3-[[4-methyl-1-(3-methylbutyl)pentyl]-carbamoyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate | 183508-38-5 | C15H26NO4*Na |
| —— | 4-Oxospiro(cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,2'-oxetan)-4'-yl Acetate | 137378-92-8 | C10H10O4 |
| —— | 2-Chlor-2-isopropyloxiran | 76002-26-1 | C5H9ClO |
| —— | 2-cyclopropyl-tetrahydro-furan | 55542-80-8 | C7H12O |
| —— | 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-((Z)-propenyl)-oxetane | 63475-53-6 | C10H18O |
| —— | 3-Methoxymethyl-2-methyl-2-[2-((1S,2R,4aR)-1,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydro-naphthalen-1-yl)-ethyl]-oxirane | 503305-21-3 | C21H36O2 |
| —— | meso-galacto-2,5-Dibrom-3,4-epoxy-1,6-hexandiol | 128823-71-2 | C6H10Br2O3 |
| —— | 2-[2-[1-(1,3-dichloropropan-2-yloxy)ethoxy]ethoxymethyl]oxirane | 98934-94-2 | C10H18Cl2O4 |
| —— | Geranylmethyletherepoxid | 38595-12-9 | C11H20O3 |
| —— | 1-oxa-4-methylenespiro<2.15>octadecane | 95784-93-3 | C18H32O |
| —— | (2S,3S)-(-)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyl-5-hepten-1-ol | 80299-55-4 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | Perfluor-2-aethyl-4-n-butyloxolan | 68063-12-7 | C10F20O |
| —— | 59955-18-9 | C12H14O6 | |
| —— | Perhydrotribenzo<b,e,h>tetraoxecin | 69804-97-3 | C18H30O4 |
| —— | 3r,4c-epoxy-1t-methyl-phospholane | 61183-59-3 | C5H9OP |
| —— | 2-n-decyl-2-(chloromethyl)oxirane | 106418-61-5 | C13H25ClO |
| —— | Spiro[naphthalene-2(1H),2'-oxirane],octahydro- | 7125-53-3 | C11H18O |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2,3-Epoxypentansaeure-methylester | 86022-44-8 | C6H10O3 |
| —— | tert-Butyl-dimethyl-((6E,10E)-(1R,2R,3R,14S,16S)-6,10,14,16-tetramethyl-17-oxa-tricyclo[12.3.0.0<sup>3,16</sup>]heptadeca-6,10-dien-2-yloxy)-silane | 134209-34-0 | C26H46O2Si |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2,3-epoxy-pentadecanal | 171087-61-9 | C15H28O2 |
| —— | (1R*,3S*,5S*,8R*)-3-tert-butylspiro<bicyclo<3.2.1>oct-6-en-8,2'-oxirane> | 72128-43-9 | C13H20O |
| —— | 89461-54-1 | C11H18O2 | |
| —— | 5-(tert-butoxy)spiro[2.3]hexane-1-carboxylicacid,Mixtureofdiastereomers | 2386799-13-7 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | 2-(1-octynyl)-3-pentyloxirane | 114406-45-0 | C15H26O |
| —— | (1S,3R,4R)-3-Methoxy-2,5-dioxa-bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene | 71109-92-7 | C7H10O3 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-hexyl-2-methyloxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 837370-67-9 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | trans-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-epoxyhexane | 36099-46-4 | C8H16O |
| —— | (Z)-4-((2S,3S)-3-Pentyl-oxiranyl)-but-3-en-1-ol | 83918-47-2 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2,3-epoxypentanoic acid | 189060-91-1 | C5H8O3 |
| —— | [(2R,3R)-3-((E)-6-Trimethylsilanyl-hex-4-enyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 118992-29-3 | C12H24O2Si |
| —— | 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-3-((E)-propenyl)-oxetane | 63475-51-4 | C10H18O |
| —— | 3-hexyl-2-trimethylsilyloxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 114730-06-2 | C12H24O2Si |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-2-methyl-3-[2]thienyl-propionic acid ethyl ester | 412035-62-2 | C10H12O3S |
| —— | [(2R,3R)-3-((E)-6-Trimethylsilanyl-hex-4-enyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 135414-70-9 | C12H24O2Si |
| —— | 2,3-Dimethyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid butyl ester | 132279-04-0 | C9H16O3 |
| —— | 6-Methoxy-1.2-epoxy-hexan | 89794-66-1 | C7H14O2 |
| —— | (2<i>R</i>,7<i>R</i>)-1,4,6,9-tetraoxa-5λ<sup>5</sup>-phospha-spiro[4.4]nonane-2<i>r</i>,3<i>t</i>,7<i>r</i>',8<i>t</i>'-tetracarboxylic acid tetraethyl ester | 71622-90-7 | C16H25O12P |
| —— | 1-Methyl-2,3-bis-trimethylsilanyl-cycloprop-2-enecarboxylic acid methyl ester | 135192-96-0 | C12H24O2Si2 |
| —— | 3-(3-Bromo-propyl)-2,2-dimethyl-oxirane | 137502-59-1 | C7H13BrO |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2,3-epoxy-pentadecanoic acid | 171087-62-0 | C15H28O3 |
| —— | 1,3,5-tris-hydroxymethyl-2,4,9-trioxa-adamantane | 55756-23-5 | C10H16O6 |
| —— | 2,2-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbut-3-enoxymethyl)oxirane | 79457-60-6 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2,3-epoxy-7,7,7-trifluoro-heptanol | 113047-95-3 | C7H11F3O2 |