环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 1-Methyl-2,3-bis-trimethylsilanyl-cycloprop-2-enecarboxylic acid | 135192-95-9 | C11H22O2Si2 |
| —— | Hexamethyloxetan | 41901-77-3 | C9H18O |
| —— | (R)-isopropenyl oxirane | 154961-94-1 | C5H8O |
| —— | 3-C-Formyl-2,3,5-tridesoxy-L-glycero-pent-2-en-furanose | 30652-76-7 | C6H8O3 |
| —— | (2R,3R)/(2S,3S)-2,3-dimethylpentane 1,2-epoxide | 42328-43-8 | C7H14O |
| —— | Tripropyl-<2-(2,3-epoxy-propyloxy)-aethyl>-stannan | 41784-33-2 | C14H30O2Sn |
| —— | (2R,3S,4S)-2,3-Epoxy-4-methyl-7-octen-1-ol | 142459-24-3 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | 2,4,6-Tris-aethoxymethyl-1,3,5-trioxan | 106460-12-2 | C12H24O6 |
| —— | [1-Amino-3-(trimethylsilylmethyl)cyclobutyl]methanol;hydrochloride | 2567496-43-7 | C9H22ClNOSi |
| —— | 3-methyl-3-phenyl-[1,4]dioxanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester | 854840-71-4 | C14H18O4 |
| —— | 2-hexyl-3-[2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)propyl]oxirane | 111289-06-6 | C12H17F7O |
| —— | 1-Oxadispiro[2.2.2^{6}.2^{3}]decane | 2002555-38-4 | C9H14O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,6-dimethyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>oct-5-ene | 125283-92-3 | C9H14O |
| —— | 2-Allyloxymethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]octane | 114702-42-0 | C11H18O2 |
| —— | 3-(2-chloro-ethyl)-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxirane | 100399-64-2 | C11H19ClO |
| —— | (-)-(3S,4S,5S,6R)-5,6-dichloro-3,4-epoxy-1-dodecene | 1554486-01-9 | C12H20Cl2O |
| —— | 2-Methyl-1,4-di-(methylamino)-2,3-epoxybutan | 32764-36-6 | C7H16N2O |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2-((Z)-4-Iodo-but-1-enyl)-3-((2Z,5Z)-octa-2,5-dienyl)-oxirane | 89408-92-4 | C14H21IO |
| —— | 3-(3-{2-[3-(3-Hydroxy-propyl)-oxiranyl]-ethyl}-oxiranyl)-propan-1-ol | 142436-23-5 | C12H22O4 |
| —— | 1-ethoxyspiro<3-oxabicyclo<3.2.0>heptane-2,1'-cyclohexane> | 150267-73-5 | C13H22O2 |
| —— | (R)-1-[(2S,3S)-3-Methyl-3-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxiranyl]-butan-1-ol | 117467-98-8 | C13H24O2 |
| —— | Tert-butyl 2-oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-1-carboxylate | 2694734-06-8 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 3r,4c-epoxy-1t-methyl-phospholane | 61217-62-7 | C5H9OP |
| —— | [(2S,3R)-3-(5-Methyl-hex-4-enyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 76871-81-3 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (-)-erythro-1,1-dimethoxy-3,4-(Z)-epoxy-5-hexanol | 93250-02-3 | C8H16O4 |
| —— | 2,3,5-tri-O-methyl-D-fucofuranose | 102935-41-1 | C9H18O5 |
| —— | 2-Chlor-β-phenyl-glycidsaeure-methylester | 93439-36-2 | C10H9ClO3 |
| —— | ((1S,2S,4S,5R)-4-Hydroxymethyl-3,6-dioxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-yl)-acetonitrile | 128823-78-9 | C7H9NO3 |
| —— | disodium epoxysuccinate | 40618-18-6 | C4H2O5*2Na |
| —— | 1,4-bis-(3-methoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-oxiranyl)-benzene | 109441-89-6 | C16H18O6 |
| —— | (3-hexyl-2-trimethylsilyloxiran-2-yl)methanol | 114730-05-1 | C12H26O2Si |
| —— | (R)-1-[(2R,3R)-3-Methyl-3-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxiranyl]-butan-1-ol | 117467-97-7 | C13H24O2 |
| —— | rac-11β,17-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxo-pregn-4-en-18-oic acid-11-lactone | 96169-01-6 | C21H26O5 |
| —— | (Z)-3-(2-Propyl-oxiranyl)-acrylonitrile | 82127-51-3 | C8H11NO |
| —— | (2S,3S)-3-((S)-2-Hydroxy-propyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid amide | 35942-21-3 | C6H11NO3 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-Hexyl-3-methyl-oxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 837370-68-0 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 4-Brom-2-dichlormethyl-4-methyl-tetrahydrofuran | 130307-82-3 | C6H9BrCl2O |
| —— | (6R,7S,9R,10S,12Z,15Z)-6,7:9,10-bisepoxyhenicosa-12,15,20-triene | 129436-93-7 | C21H34O2 |
| —— | isopropyl 3-(5-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)pentyl)-2-chlorooxirane-2-carboxylate | 1358536-50-1 | C17H33ClO4Si |
| —— | (2S,3R,18Z)-2,3-epoxy-18-heptacosen-1-ol | 159627-82-4 | C27H52O2 |
| —— | 2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-heptadecafluorononyl)-3-methyloxirane | 82486-21-3 | C12H7F17O |
| —— | 2-[2-(2-Butoxy-1-methyl-ethoxy)-1-methyl-ethoxymethyl]-oxirane | 65212-42-2 | C13H26O4 |
| —— | (+)-(E)-(6S,7S)-4,6-dimethyl-6,7-epoxy-4-nonen-3-one | 131026-15-8 | C11H18O2 |
| —— | 1,4-Di-(methylamino)-2,3-epoxybutan | 32764-35-5 | C6H14N2O |
| —— | 2-(2-Butoxy-1-methyl-ethoxymethyl)-oxirane | 65212-41-1 | C10H20O3 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-3-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxirane-2-carbonitrile | 104165-27-7 | C6H9NO2 |
| —— | methyl 3,4-epoxynon-8-enoate | 138195-60-5 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 1,2-anhydro-3,4,6-tri-O-methyl-α-D-glucopyranose | 149650-47-5 | C9H16O5 |
| —— | Difluor-bis-<2,2,3,3-tetrafluor-propyloxy>-methan | 1737-84-4 | C7H6F10O2 |
| —— | 2-Methyl-3,3-hexamethylen-glycidsaeure-ethylester | 73039-93-7 | C12H20O3 |
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