环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 2,2-Dimethyl-propionic acid 2-[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxiranyl]-ethyl ester | 104322-57-8 | C16H28O3 |
| —— | Cyclohexan-1-oxiran-2-ylmethyl-2,2-bis-trimethylsilane | 86554-11-2 | C13H28OSi2 |
| —— | Indan-3a,4-oxid | 69805-10-3 | C9H10O |
| —— | dec-9-enyl glycidyl ether | 256531-95-0 | C13H24O2 |
| —— | 8β,17-epoxy-14,15,16-trinorlabd-12-ene | 80179-95-9 | C17H28O |
| —— | 2,2-di-tert-butyl-5-(2-methylallyl)-5-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,3,2-dioxasilinane | 1200444-26-3 | C18H32O2Si |
| —— | 13-hydroxy-9ξH-apotrichothecane-2,8-dione | 111616-73-0 | C15H22O4 |
| —— | 1-Carbo-tert.-butoxybenzoloxid-Oxepin | 70588-16-8 | C11H14O3 |
| —— | (4R,5R)-((E)-2-Oct-1-enyl)-[1,3]dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylic acid bis-dimethylamide | 106059-01-2 | C17H30N2O4 |
| —— | (R)-2-((Z)-oct-5-enyl)oxirane | 1184350-63-7 | C10H18O |
| —— | (1S,5S,7R)-7-(bromomethyl)-7-methyl-6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-ene-4-carbaldehyde | 1162672-41-4 | C10H13BrO2 |
| —— | 7,15-dioxa-dispiro[5.2.5.2]hexadecane | 183-81-3 | C14H24O2 |
| —— | methyl (3,4-di-O-triisopropylsilyl-2,3-anhydro)-D-glucuronate | 252000-96-7 | C25H50O6Si2 |
| —— | (4S,2'S,3'R)-3-(3'-phenyloxiranyl)-[4-(1-methylethyl)-2,2-dimethyloxazolidin-3-yl]methanone | 1256455-50-1 | C17H23NO3 |
| —— | 1415845-63-4 | C11H16Br2O2 | |
| —— | Acetic acid (2S,3R,4R,6S)-3-acetoxymethyl-6-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxymethyl)-2-methoxy-3-methyl-tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl ester | 185745-09-9 | C19H36O7Si |
| —— | (S)-2-difluoromethyl ethylene oxide | 2056095-67-9 | C3H4F2O |
| —— | Propylidencyclobutanoxid | 28256-57-7 | C7H12O |
| —— | 2-[2-(1-Butylsulfanyl-ethoxy)-ethoxymethyl]-oxirane | 106722-58-1 | C11H22O3S |
| —— | 2-Hexyl-3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-tridecafluoro-heptyl)-oxirane | 111289-08-8 | C15H17F13O |
| —— | 3-ethyl-2-methyl-oxiranecarbaldehyde-dimethylacetal | 87128-46-9 | C8H16O3 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2-(5-methylhexyl)-3-((octylthio)methyl)oxirane | 1427215-28-8 | C18H36OS |
| —— | 3-Hexyl-2-methyl-2-((E)-propenyl)-oxirane | 59554-69-7 | C12H22O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-1,2-epoxy-3-(methoxymethoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-6-octene | 116216-76-3 | C12H22O3 |
| —— | 1,4-Dimethyl-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane | 2995278-34-5 | C7H13NO |
| —— | cis-N,N-Diaethyl-3-phenyl-glycidamid | 96650-00-9 | C13H17NO2 |
| —— | 1-oxa-4-methylenespiro<2.14>heptadecane | 95784-92-2 | C17H30O |
| —— | 4,4-Dimethyl-5-methylene-2-oxiranylmethoxy-[1,3,2]dioxaphospholane | 141053-42-1 | C8H13O4P |
| —— | 2-((prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)methyl)-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane | 1284299-81-5 | C11H16O2 |
| —— | 2-((2R,3R)-3-{(E)-(R)-7-[(R)-2-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-1-(2-ethoxy-ethoxy)-ethyl]-4,8-dimethyl-nona-3,8-dienyl}-3-methyl-oxiranyl)-ethanol | 104322-50-1 | C28H54O5Si |
| —— | cis-1,7-Dioxadispiro<2.2.2.2>decan | 28250-28-4 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methyloxirane-2,3-d2 | 142533-97-9 | C4H8O2 |
| —— | 2-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)ethanol;2-methyloxirane | 132435-10-0 | C7H16O4 |
| —— | trans-1,7-Dioxadispiro<2.2.2.2>decan | 28250-09-1 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | 3-Cyclopropyl-3-methyloxirane-2-carbonitrile | 2839024-77-8 | C7H9NO |
| —— | 1,2-Epoxy-4-methoxy-menthan | 92057-92-6 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | 3-(Oxolan-2-yl)azetidine hydrochloride | 2901096-09-9 | C7H14ClNO |
| —— | (1α,2α,3α,5α,8α)-2-O-Methyl-4,9-dioxatricyclo<6.1.0.03,5>nonan-6-ene-2-ol | 122237-46-1 | C8H10O3 |
| —— | 1300731-38-7 | C5H7F2IO2 | |
| —— | 3-[(Tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]oxetane-3-carbaldehyde | 2169527-25-5 | C10H20O3Si |
| —— | 1-(1-trimethylsilylcyclopropyl)cyclopentene | 82084-05-7 | C11H20Si |
| —— | C-((2S,3S)-3-Methyl-oxiranyl)-methylamine | 144406-02-0 | C4H9NO |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-((E)-Pent-1-enyl)-3-propyl-oxirane | 77262-44-3 | C10H18O |
| —— | 1192431-60-9 | C9H14O | |
| —— | 3,4-Dihydro-3-vinyl-6-ethyl-2H-pyran | 53953-22-3 | C9H14O |
| —— | cis-cyclononene oxide | 286-77-1 | C9H16O |
| —— | di-tert-butyl (R)-3-<(R)-1-hydroxyethyl>oxirane-2,2-dicarboxylate | 239100-63-1 | C14H24O6 |
| —— | (2S,3R,6R)-6-((R)-Furan-2-yl-hydroxy-methyl)-3-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid 2,2,2-trichloro-ethyl ester | 190320-60-6 | C14H15Cl3O5 |
| —— | 2-Chloro-5-((Z)-oct-2-enyl)-6-oxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene | 113000-97-8 | C13H19ClO |
| —— | (Z,2S,3S,10S,11S)-2,3;10,11-bis-epoxy-6-dodecene-1,12-diol | 97733-51-2 | C12H20O4 |
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