环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 2-(2-Iodo-ethyl)-2-methyl-oxirane | 87453-01-8 | C5H9IO |
| —— | (Z)-3-(2-Ethyl-oxiranyl)-acrylonitrile | 82127-50-2 | C7H9NO |
| —— | 2-(2-Bromo-octyl)-oxirane | 142779-48-4 | C10H19BrO |
| —— | [(2R,3R)-2,3-dipropyloxiran-2-yl]-trimethylsilane | 83511-16-4 | C11H24OSi |
| —— | (2S,3S) 3-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2,3-epoxy-2-methyl-propan-1-ol | 143422-92-8 | C10H22O2Si |
| —— | 1,4-Bis-trifluormethyl-2.6.7-trioxa-hexafluor-bicyclo<2.2.2>octan | 21660-20-8 | C7F12O3 |
| —— | 2,4,4,5,5-Pentamethyl-1,3,2-dioxabismolan | 60458-15-3 | C7H15BiO2 |
| —— | 3.4-Epoxy-3-methyl-1-triaethylsilyl-pentin-(1) | 17795-43-6 | C12H22OSi |
| —— | 3-Methyl-1-(2,2,5-trimethyl-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl)-butan-2-one | 18761-21-2 | C12H22O2 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-N,N-diethyldecanamide | 642462-09-7 | C14H27NO2 |
| —— | 3-cyclohexyl-2,3-epoxy-N,N-diethyl-2-methylpropanamide | 642462-13-3 | C14H25NO2 |
| —— | Decahydro-dicyclopenta[b,d]furan | 110358-05-9 | C10H16O |
| —— | F-2-methyl-3(1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl)oxetane | 131771-39-6 | C10F20O |
| —— | 2,2-Dimethyl-7-ethyl-6-oxabicyclo<3.2.0>heptan | 61962-36-5 | C10H18O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,3-epoxy-5-methylhexanol | 505029-44-7 | C7H14O2 |
| —— | (S)-2-((R)-1-Chloro-hexyl)-oxirane | 110822-64-5 | C8H15ClO |
| —— | 2-(7-Bromooctyl)oxirane | 1037743-02-4 | C10H19BrO |
| —— | <2-(2,3-Epoxy-propyloxy)-aethyl>-<2-tripropylgermyl-aethyl>-aether | 63242-70-6 | C16H34GeO3 |
| —— | 3-Aethyl-3.4-epoxy-1-triaethylsilyl-butin-(1) | 17795-45-8 | C12H22OSi |
| —— | 2-methyl-1-(2,3,3-trimethyloxiran-2-yl)propan-2-ol | 76158-32-2 | C9H18O2 |
| —— | 2-cyclohexyl-3,3-dimethyloxirane | 124781-94-8 | C10H18O |
| —— | (+/-)-<i>threo</i>-2,3-epoxy-docosanoic acid | 5634-24-2 | C22H42O3 |
| —— | (2RS,3SR)-methyl-4-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-2,3-epoxybutanoate | 109875-00-5 | C11H22O4Si |
| —— | (1'R,2s,4'S,4a'S,8a'R)-5-methoxy-5-methyl-1',4',4a',5',6',7',8',8a'-octahydro-5H-spiro[[1,3,4]oxadiazole-2,9'-[1,4]methanonaphthalene] | 1103937-62-7 | C14H20N2O2 |
| —— | 1,2-epoxy-3-thiocyanatopropane | 57514-78-0 | C4H5NOS |
| —— | (+)-2-methyl-2(R),3(S)-epoxynonanal | 76638-12-5 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 2-(((1-cyclohexylprop-2-yn-1-yl)oxy)methyl)oxirane | 1284299-79-1 | C12H18O2 |
| —— | 2-Methyl-2-carbamoyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octan | 99062-99-4 | C9H15NO2 |
| —— | 1-[(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]cyclobutanecarboxylic acid | 1268810-14-5 | C10H16O2Si |
| —— | 3-iodo-1,2-epoxypropane-3,3-d2 | 83385-57-3 | C3H5IO |
| —— | Glycidyl-<2-(2-vinyloxy-aethylmercapto)-aethyl>-aether | 86164-65-0 | C9H16O3S |
| —— | (-)-monachalure | 182822-08-8 | C18H36O |
| —— | Chlortrimethyloxiran | 5950-22-1 | C5H9ClO |
| —— | 2,2-dicarbamoyl-3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)oxirane | 13988-70-0 | C6H4F6N2O3 |
| —— | 3-[(E)-hept-1-en-6-ynyl]-2,2-dimethyloxirane | 121667-11-6 | C11H16O |
| —— | (2'S*,3S*)-3-<2-methoxy-3-methylbutyl>-2,2-dimethyloxirane | 142321-59-3 | C10H20O2 |
| —— | ((2R,3S)-3-butyl-2-((S)-1-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl)oxiran-2-yl)trimethylsilane | 104995-86-0 | C15H32O3Si |
| —— | (2-chloro-vinyl)-oxirane | 63644-57-5 | C4H5ClO |
| —— | (1R,2R,3S,4S)-2,3-bis((oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)methyl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane | 1269782-90-2 | C14H22O5 |
| —— | <<3-(trimethylsilyl)propoxy>methyl>thiirane | 68490-20-0 | C9H20OSSi |
| —— | 3-(2'-butyloxiranyl)propionaldehyde | 233253-87-7 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | (7S,8R)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane | 54034-66-1 | C18H36O |
| —— | 2-(5,5-dimethylhex-3-en-1-yl)oxirane | 556038-41-6 | C10H18O |
| —— | 2-Methyl-2,3-epoxyheptanon-(4) | 50598-49-7 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 3-heptyloxirane-2,2-dicarbonitrile | 137152-54-6 | C11H16N2O |
| —— | 2-[6,6-Bis-(chloro-difluoro-methyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-ylmethyl]-1,3-dichloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-propan-2-ol | 18694-67-2 | C11H8Cl4F8O2 |
| —— | 2,2,3-trideutero-3-(dideuterooctadecyloxy-methyl)-oxirane | 182244-69-5 | C21H42O2 |
| —— | (2S)-2-[[1,1,2,2-tetradeuterio-2-[(2S)-2-(methoxymethoxy)dodecoxy]ethoxy]methyl]oxirane | 854375-97-6 | C19H38O5 |
| —— | trans-3,6-dimethyl-3,6-dimethoxy-1,2-dioxane | 129976-66-5 | C8H16O4 |
| —— | [(2R,3R)-3-((Z)-2-Iodo-1-methyl-vinyl)-oxiranyl]-methanol | 794513-00-1 | C6H9IO2 |