环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 1,2;5,6-Diepoxy-2,5-dimethyl-hexan | 10508-40-4 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 2-Diazo-1-((2S,3R)-3-propyl-oxiranyl)-ethanone | 107736-28-7 | C7H10N2O2 |
| —— | Spiro<anti-7-(dimethoxymethyl)bicyclo<2.2.1>hept-5-ene-exo-2,2'-oxacyclopropane> | 150583-95-2 | C11H16O3 |
| —— | 5-((2R,3S)-3-Hydroxymethyl-oxiranyl)-pentanenitrile | 126389-96-6 | C8H13NO2 |
| —— | {2-[(E)-6-(3,3-Dimethyl-oxiranyl)-4-methyl-hex-3-enyl]-2-methyl-cyclopropyl}-methanol | 61531-03-1 | C16H28O2 |
| —— | (2R-trans)-3-(2-heptenyl)oxiranemethanol | 78655-84-2 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | 4,5-bis(chloromethyl)-2-propan-2-yloxy-1,3,2-dioxastibolane | 139055-83-7 | C7H13Cl2O3Sb |
| —— | acetaldehyde di<2-glycidyloxyethyl> acetal | 98935-00-3 | C12H22O6 |
| —— | (Z)-5-fluorodec-5-ene oxide | 1192149-51-1 | C10H19FO |
| —— | 56023-90-6 | C14H22O2 | |
| —— | 2-tert-Butyl-2-(1-tert-butylethenyl)oxiran | 114790-03-3 | C12H22O |
| —— | 138175-39-0 | C14H16O5 | |
| —— | 7,11-Epoxygermacra-1(10),4-dien | 58728-47-5 | C15H24O |
| —— | (2R,3R)-3-[(1R,4E,7E)-1-hydroxy-4,7-nonadienyl]-2-oxiranecarboxamide | 72301-02-1 | C12H19NO3 |
| —— | (1R,8R)-9-oxabicyclo[6.1.0]nonan-1-ylmethanol | 1403755-44-1 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | 2-Cyclohexyl-3-hexyl-oxirane | 1194672-84-8 | C14H26O |
| —— | 1,4-Dioxan-tetracarbonsaeuremethylester | 83421-59-4 | C12H16O10 |
| —— | (R)-2-[(R)-1-(methoxymethoxy)heptyl]oxirane | 1019338-96-5 | C11H22O3 |
| —— | 172210-36-5 | C17H34O5 | |
| —— | (S)-4-(allyloxy)-1,2-epoxybutane | 135513-69-8 | C7H12O2 |
| —— | 2-Heptyl-3-(5-methyl-hexyl)-oxirane | 64183-59-1 | C16H32O |
| —— | 106202-76-0 | C9H13BrO2 | |
| —— | trans-1.6-Dichloro-3.4-epoxyhexan-1.1.6.6-d4 | 57042-10-1 | C6H10Cl2O |
| —— | Trimethyl-((S)-2-methyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.11]tetradec-2-yl)-silane | 65164-97-8 | C17H34OSi |
| —— | 2-Diethoxymethyl-2-isopropyl-oxirane | 84062-68-0 | C10H20O3 |
| —— | 4-[(2R,3S)-3-((R)-1-Hydroxy-ethyl)-oxiranyl]-butan-1-ol | 193288-33-4 | C8H16O3 |
| —— | Monosodium epoxysuccinate | 66065-46-1 | C4H3NaO5 |
| —— | {(1S,2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-Methyl-4-[(triisopropylsilanyl)-ethynyl]-3,7-dioxa-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-yl}-methanol | 346685-63-0 | C18H32O3Si |
| —— | (E)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-(3-Methyl-but-2-enyl)-oxiranyl]-prop-2-en-1-ol | 158391-30-1 | C10H16O2 |
| —— | cis-1-Cyclohexyl-1,2-epoxyoctane | 106262-67-3 | C14H26O |
| —— | cis-1-(2,3-Epoxypropyl)-2-<(E)-3-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propenyl>-4,4-dimethylcyclopentane | 130722-00-8 | C16H30OSi |
| —— | (E)-7-ethylidene-5-oxadispiro<2.0.4.4>dodecan-6-one | 80541-39-5 | C13H18O2 |
| —— | 2β,3β-1-Epoxy-1-epiprobotrydial | 161344-69-0 | C15H24O |
| —— | rac-(2R,3S)-2-methyl-3-(7-((2R,3R)-3-octyloxiran-2-yl)heptyl)oxirane | 79092-20-9 | C20H38O2 |
| —— | [5-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)-3-methylpent-1-en-3-yl]-trimethylsilane | 94613-60-2 | C13H26OSi |
| —— | 2-(4-isopropylhepta-1,6-dien-4-yl)oxirane | 741676-58-4 | C12H20O |
| —— | 1,1,1-Trifluoro-4-methyl-2,6,7-trioxa-1λ<sup>6</sup>-tellura-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane | 57251-98-6 | C5H9F3O3Te |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-Methylsulfanylmethyl-3-propyl-oxirane | 145841-94-7 | C7H14OS |
| —— | 3-(1-ethyl-propyl)-2-methyl-2-vinyl-oxirane | 84490-88-0 | C10H18O |
| —— | 2,2-difluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolane | 1051374-92-5 | C5H8F2O3 |
| —— | 1,2:3,4:5,6-Trianhydro-DL-glucitol | 89196-16-7 | C6H8O3 |
| —— | (S)-((Z)-2-Hept-1-enyl)-oxirane | 118574-93-9 | C9H16O |
| —— | (1R,3S,5S)-3-Vinyl-8-oxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-ol | 127617-46-3 | C9H12O2 |
| —— | (3-cyclohex-1-enyl-prop-2-ynyl)-oxirane | 15026-45-6 | C11H14O |
| —— | 6-iodo-1,2-epoxyhexane | 94444-14-1 | C6H11IO |
| —— | (3E,7E)-1,4,8-Trimethyl-12-oxa-bicyclo[9.2.0]trideca-3,7-diene | 63426-07-3 | C15H24O |
| —— | (1S,8R)-8-Vinyl-7-oxa-bicyclo[4.2.0]octane | 60857-61-6 | C9H14O |
| —— | (2S,3S)-3-ethyl-2-methyloxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 89874-08-8 | C6H10O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,3-Dimethyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 82731-69-9 | C7H12O3 |
| —— | 3-Ethyl-3,4-epoxy-pentin | 694-67-7 | C7H10O |