环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | 3-methyl-1-oxa-5-phospha-spiro[5.5]undecane | 50869-50-6 | C10H19OP |
| —— | methyl c-5-tert-butyl-c-2-phenyl-tetrahydrofuran-r-3-carboxylate | 124645-56-3 | C16H22O3 |
| —— | Sodium; 1-oxa-spiro[2.6]nonane-2-carboxylate | 104563-23-7 | C9H13O3*Na |
| —— | (2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2,6-dicyclohexyl-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol | 1416325-34-2 | C19H34O2 |
| —— | 1-oxaspiro[2.7]decane-2-carbonitrile | 65445-51-4 | C10H15NO |
| —— | 5-bromo-2,3-epoxy-4-pentyn-1-ol | 144478-59-1 | C5H5BrO2 |
| —— | 85454-53-1 | C12H14O | |
| —— | 3-Ethyl-2-(1-methyl-2-propenyl)oxirane | 129388-41-6 | C8H14O |
| —— | (1R,3aS,4R,5as,17S)-1,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15-tetradecahydro-4,1,5a-(epoxyethane[1,1,2]triyl)cyclododeca[c]pentalene | 130136-72-0 | C20H30O |
| —— | (2R,3R,6R)-3-((R)-1-Benzyloxymethoxy-propyl)-6-((R)-2-benzyloxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-5-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 114826-20-9 | C29H38O6 |
| —— | 3-Ethyl-2-(1-methyl-2-propenyl)oxirane | 129388-40-5 | C8H14O |
| —— | 1,4-Dibromo-2,3-epoxybutane | 14396-64-6 | C4H6Br2O |
| —— | (S)-2-Methyl-1-((2R,3S)-3-pentyl-2-trimethylsilanyl-oxiranyl)-propan-1-ol | 104995-71-3 | C14H30O2Si |
| —— | (-)-(1R,4aR,8aR)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-decahydro-5,5,8a-trimethyl-2-oxonaphthalene-1-methanol-2-[(1R,2R)-cycloheptanediol acetal] | 680191-49-5 | C21H36O3 |
| —— | 6-nonyloxy-1-hexene oxide | 146724-45-0 | C15H30O2 |
| —— | 3,3-dimethyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid diethylamide | 90950-00-8 | C9H17NO2 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-3-ethenyloxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 1448445-94-0 | C5H6O3 |
| —— | 1,3,2-Dioxastibolane-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 2-oxide | 126506-93-2 | C4H5O8Sb |
| —— | (1,1-Dipropoxypropyl){2-[(oxiran-2-yl)methoxy]ethyl}silane | 131535-64-3 | C14H30O4Si |
| —— | 2-dodecyl-3-[(1E)-3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl]oxirane | 121667-07-0 | C19H34O |
| —— | 3-tert.-Butyl-6-oxy-7-aethoxycarbonylspiro<4.2>heptan | 950-40-3 | C13H22O3 |
| —— | 3-Oxetanemethanamine, alpha-(trifluoromethyl)- | 1582719-55-8 | C5H8F3NO |
| —— | [4-(hydroxymethyl)-2,3,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-1-yl]methanol | 78389-82-9 | C6H8O5 |
| —— | methyl 2-methyl-3,3-diisopropyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate | 80532-65-6 | C11H20O3 |
| —— | 2-butoxy-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane | 139462-54-7 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | [(Oxiran-2-yl)methyl]silane | 127650-95-7 | C3H8OSi |
| —— | 1-Acetoxy-1,2-epoxydodecan | 133548-91-1 | C14H26O3 |
| —— | 2-methyl-3,3-trimethyleneglycidic acid methyl ester | 73039-87-9 | C8H12O3 |
| —— | 2-(3-Methyl-but-1-ynyl)-oxirane | 10594-18-0 | C7H10O |
| —— | 2-(Difluoromethyl)-2-methyloxirane | 430-31-9 | C4H6F2O |
| —— | 2,2-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethyl-oxirane | 400-08-8 | C5H7F3O |
| —— | 2-ethenyl-4-methyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane | 101160-01-4 | C10H16O |
| —— | (3-Cyclohexyl-2,3-dimethyl-oxiranyl)-methanol | 205121-51-3 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | 2-[2-(1-Hexyloxy-ethoxy)-ethoxymethyl]-oxirane | 98934-87-3 | C13H26O4 |
| —— | 3-Isopropyl-2-methyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 82235-01-6 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | 2-[2-(2-tert-Butylsulfanyl-ethoxy)-ethoxymethyl]-oxirane | 106702-02-7 | C11H22O3S |
| —— | 9,10-Dioxatricyclo[4.2.1.12,5]decane | 70766-22-2 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | (R)-2,2-Dibutyl-3-methyl-oxirane | 146623-19-0 | C11H22O |
| —— | (2S)-(2-butyloxiranyl)methanol | 107325-19-9 | C7H14O2 |
| —— | (E)-2-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-nonafluorohept-2-en-1-yloxymethyl)oxirane | 1095432-26-0 | C10H9F9O2 |
| —— | <(3-bromo-2-fluoropropoxy)methyl>oxirane | 141038-87-1 | C6H10BrFO2 |
| —— | 2-cyclohexyl-3-ethenyl-4-methylenetetrahydrofuran | 615575-98-9 | C13H20O |
| —— | 2-(5-decyl-oxazolidin-3-yl)-ethanol | 55771-62-5 | C15H31NO2 |
| —— | cis-3,6-dimethyl-3,6-dimethoxy-1,2-dioxane | 129976-66-5 | C8H16O4 |
| —— | 1.1.2-Tricyan-ethylenoxid | 3305-62-2 | C5HN3O |
| —— | 1,4-Di-n-propoxy-2,3-epoxybutan | 33513-13-2 | C10H20O3 |
| —— | (E)-7,8-Epoxy-2,7-dimethyl-octa-1,5-dien | 95255-49-5 | C10H16O |
| —— | 3,6-diethoxy-3,6-dimethyl-[1,4]dioxane-2,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester | 107525-45-1 | C16H28O8 |
| —— | (Z)-2,2-dimethyl-3-(3-methylhepta-3,6-dien-1-yl)oxirane | 1262763-95-0 | C12H20O |
| —— | Sodium;3,3-dimethyl-2-phenyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 24568-18-1 | C11H11O3*Na |
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