环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | Trimethyl-(2-tridecyl-oxiranyl)-silane | 124411-65-0 | C18H38OSi |
| —— | 1,2-epoxy-2-hexyldecane | 51690-88-1 | C16H32O |
| —— | cis-1-methylcyclooctene oxide | 52954-47-9 | C9H16O |
| —— | (+/-)-ethyl 9-oxabicyclo[6.1.0]nonane-1-carboxylate | 474549-41-2 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-3-(2-phenethylcarbamoyl)oxirane-2-carboxylic acid | 192763-63-6 | C12H13NO4 |
| —— | (S)-2-hexadecyloxirane | —— | C18H36O |
| —— | 3-(5-Bromo-3-methyl-pentyl)-2,2-dimethyl-oxirane | 56001-18-4 | C10H19BrO |
| —— | 2-(isopropyl)-2-[(1-fluoro-1-methyl)ethyl]oxirane | 1096544-89-6 | C8H15FO |
| —— | methyl 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane-2-carboxylate | 73039-91-5 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | methyl 2-methyl-1-oxaspiro<2.4>heptane-2-carboxylate | 73039-89-1 | C9H14O3 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-nonanoic acid butyl ester | 100545-33-3 | C13H24O3 |
| —— | 3-Methyl-3-propyl-oxirane-2-carbonitrile | 58901-89-6 | C7H11NO |
| —— | methyl 2,3-dimethyl-3-phenylglycidate | 99334-03-9 | C12H14O3 |
| —— | (3-heptyl-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)methanol | 85531-74-4 | C11H22O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-(5Z,8Z)-cis-2,3-epoxy-5,8,10-undecatrien-1-ol | 119181-49-6 | C11H16O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S,4S)-2,4-Dimethyl-1,2-epoxy-3-(trimethylsilylethoxymethoxy)hex-5-ene | 129056-11-7 | C14H28O3Si |
| —— | diethyloxiranemethanamine | 1314978-80-7 | C7H15NO |
| —— | (E)-3-(2-Ethyl-oxiranyl)-acrylonitrile | 82127-48-8 | C7H9NO |
| —— | 1,8-octanediol-diglycidyl ether | 24610-19-3 | C14H26O4 |
| —— | Z-11,12-Epoxydocosan | 61759-35-1 | C22H44O |
| —— | 7-Oxabicyclo(4.1.0)hept-3-ene, 2,5-dibromo-, trans- | 39573-56-3 | C6H6Br2O |
| —— | 1-methylene-2,2,5,5-tetramethylcyclopentane oxide | 106029-84-9 | C10H18O |
| —— | 1,1-Dimethoxy-2,3-epoxy-2-methylpropan | 87128-45-8 | C6H12O3 |
| —— | ethyl 2,3-epoxyhexanoate | 61454-93-1 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | 2-methyl-2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propan-1-ol | 1263375-47-8 | C7H14O3 |
| —— | 2-methyl-2-oxiranylmethoxy-propan-1-ol | 89038-66-4 | C7H14O3 |
| —— | (2-hydroxymethyl-oxiranyl)-methanol | 340184-54-5 | C4H8O3 |
| —— | 2-Cyclohexyl-3-(2,2-diisopropoxy-ethyl)-oxirane | 123729-40-8 | C16H30O3 |
| —— | (2R)-trans-(+) 3-<2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl>oxiranecarboxamide | 134511-44-7 | C23H29NO2 |
| —— | 1-oxa-spiro[2.4]heptane-2-carboxylic acid amide | 6975-14-0 | C7H11NO2 |
| —— | n-Heptyl-glycidylaether | 121906-44-3 | C10H20O2 |
| —— | 3-deutero-N-cyclopropyl-3-propyloxirane-2-carboxamide | 1198184-22-3 | C9H15NO2 |
| —— | Dimethallylethermonoxid | 5459-41-6 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | methyl (Z)-2,3-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate | 14664-76-7 | C12H14O3 |
| —— | di(2-methyl) glycidyl ether of ethylene glycol | 3775-85-7 | C10H18O4 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carboxamide | 200356-05-4 | C5H9NO2 |
| —— | (S)-2-((S)-2-(methoxymethoxy)pent-4-enyl)oxirane | 1228939-30-7 | C9H16O3 |
| —— | (non-4-ynyl)-oxirane | 358374-78-4 | C11H18O |
| —— | 2-methyl-3-nonyloxiran-2-amine | 1610336-15-6 | C12H25NO |
| —— | (3-Tert-butyl-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)methanol(non-preferred name) | 45734-41-6 | C8H16O2 |
| —— | (1'R,2'S,4S)-(E)-2,2-dimethyl-3-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-4-[3'-(1'-carbethoxy-1',2'-epoxyethyl)]oxazolidine | 198274-37-2 | C15H25NO6 |
| —— | 1,2,17,18-Diepoxyoctadecan | 6624-26-6 | C18H34O2 |
| —— | (3-Tert-butyl-2-methyloxiran-2-yl)methanol;[2-(2,2-dimethylpropyl)oxiran-2-yl]methanol | 7255-76-7 | C16H32O4 |
| —— | 2-bromomethyl-3-propyl-oxirane | 149396-64-5 | C6H11BrO |
| —— | (2S,3R)-N-cyclopropyl-3-propyl-2-oxiranecarboxamide | 950483-64-4 | C9H15NO2 |
| —— | (S)-2-((2E,4E)-(R)-1,3-Dimethyl-hexa-2,4-dienyl)-oxirane | 133649-46-4 | C10H16O |
| —— | cis-2,3-bis(chloromethyl)oxirane | 50703-46-3 | C4H6Cl2O |
| —— | ((3S,4R,6S)-5,5,6-Trimethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]oct-4-yl)-methanol | 634611-85-1 | C11H20O2 |
| —— | 1,5-dimethyl-9-oxabicyclo<6.1.0>non-4-ene | 56031-79-9 | C10H16O |
| —— | 5-Methyl-2,6-dioxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-one | 72720-03-7 | C5H6O3 |
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