环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (2R,3R,6R)-2,3-epoxy-2,6-dimethyloctan-1-ol | 150338-47-9 | C10H20O2 |
| —— | 2-Cyano-3-ethyl-3-methyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 175228-38-3 | C9H13NO3 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-2,10-dimethylundeca-6E,10-diene | 152063-11-1 | C13H22O |
| —— | (6E,10E,14E)-3,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,8,9,12,13,15a-decahydro-1-oxa-cyclopentacyclotetradecene | 85642-94-0 | C20H32O |
| —— | 7-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)-5-methylheptan-2-one | 142779-45-1 | C12H22O2 |
| —— | 2-(Bromodifluoromethyl)-2-methyloxirane | 2137779-84-9 | C4H5BrF2O |
| —— | 8-bromo-2,3-epoxyoctanol | 82902-93-0 | C8H15BrO2 |
| —— | (2S,4S,6R)-ethyl 6-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-4-phenyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylate | 1402854-22-1 | C18H26O4 |
| —— | 2-Allyl-2-ethyl-3-methyl-oxirane | 67592-75-0 | C8H14O |
| —— | cis-1,2-Di-(propen-1-yl)ethylenoxid | 28966-93-0 | C8H12O |
| —— | 1-(iodomethyl)-2-oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-4-carbonitrile | 2230803-78-6 | C7H8INO |
| —— | 2,5-Anhydro-D-mannozuckersaeure-1,6-bis-dimethylamid | 122361-71-1 | C10H18N2O5 |
| —— | (2R,3R,6R,7S)-(-)-2,3;6,7-bis-epoxy-3,7-dimethyl-8-iodo-octan-1-ol | 556775-90-7 | C10H17IO3 |
| —— | methyl 2,2-dimethyl-5-phenyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate | 101960-19-4 | C14H18O3 |
| —— | 1-n-Dodecyl-1-n-butyloxiran | 57557-56-9 | C18H36O |
| —— | 3-Ethyl-2,3-epoxy-4-methyl-hex-4-en-1-saeure-ethylester | 104178-60-1 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | (Z)-3-(2-methyloxiran-2-yl)prop-2-enenitrile | 82127-49-9 | C6H7NO |
| —— | 2,2-bis-(chloro-difluoro-methyl)-3,3-difluoro-oxirane | 59541-87-6 | C4Cl2F6O |
| —— | tert-Butoxy-(2-chloro-3-methyl-oxiranyl)-methanol | 36696-29-4 | C8H15ClO3 |
| —— | (2R,S)-2-[(2S)-2,6-dimethylhept-5-enyl]oxirane | 362471-71-4 | C11H20O |
| —— | (4S,5R),(Z)-5,9-dimethyl-4,5-epoxy-2,8-decadien-1-ol | 128443-02-7 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | (2R-trans)-3-(1-heptynyl)oxiranemethylchloride | 132352-56-8 | C10H15ClO |
| —— | 2-Carbamoyl-4-methyl-2,3-epoxy-valeriansaeure-aethylester | 90943-12-7 | C9H15NO4 |
| —— | 2,5-Bis-(2,2-dimethoxy-aethyl)-2,5-dihydro-furan | 96620-36-9 | C12H22O5 |
| —— | cis-2-methyl-2-<4-methyl-3-pentenyl>-3-<1-propenyl>-1-oxacyclopropane | 105694-80-2 | C12H20O |
| —— | E,Z-1,2-epoxy-8-trimethylsilyloct-6-ene | 423171-52-2 | C11H22OSi |
| —— | 5-nonyloxy-1-pentene oxide | 146724-44-9 | C14H28O2 |
| —— | N,N-Diethyl-3,3-pentamethylen-glycidsaeure-amid | 93185-97-8 | C12H21NO2 |
| —— | 3-methyl-4-prop-1-ynyl-furan-2,2,5,5-tetracarbonitrile | 3041-78-9 | C12H6N4O |
| —— | 2-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-Nonafluorohept-2-en-1-yloxy-methyl)oxirane | 1190868-43-9 | C10H9F9O2 |
| —— | 2,2-Bis-(1-ethyl-allyl)-oxirane | 58283-67-3 | C12H20O |
| —— | 3-((2R,3S)-3-Bromoethynyl-oxiranyl)-propan-1-ol | 121353-55-7 | C7H9BrO2 |
| —— | (2-Chloro-3-methyl-oxiranyl)-isopropoxy-methanol | 36696-28-3 | C7H13ClO3 |
| —— | 1-n-Dodecyl-1-isopropyloxiran | 57557-57-0 | C17H34O |
| —— | 2,2'-(2-methylenepropane-1,3-diyl)bis(sulfanediyl)bis(methylene)dioxirane | 1326703-27-8 | C10H16O2S2 |
| —— | 19-Oxatetracyclo<8.8.1.02,9.011,18>nonadeca-2(9),11(18)-dien | 106710-65-0 | C18H26O |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2,3-epoxyoctyl iodide | 135819-85-1 | C8H15IO |
| —— | 2-(3-bromo-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl)-3-hexyloxirane | 111289-09-9 | C11H17BrF4O |
| —— | 4-((2S,3S)-3-Isopropyl-oxiranyl)-butan-2-one | 133909-63-4 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | (E)-2-Methyl-2-(oct-6-enyl)oxirane | 325829-27-4 | C11H20O |
| —— | trans-<1-(2)H>-7-Oxabicyclo<4.3.0>nonane | 82725-65-3 | C8H14O |
| —— | propylene oxide-1,1-d2 | 89031-89-0 | C3H6O |
| —— | 2-(1-Allyloxy-butyl)-oxirane | 130426-78-7 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | 2,5-Bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexin | 17168-16-0 | C14H22O4 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-((S)-1-Hydroxy-ethyl)-2-((E)-2-methyl-tetradec-2-enoyl)-oxirane-2-carbonitrile | 762288-53-9 | C20H33NO3 |
| —— | 1.2-4.5-Diepoxy-cyclooctaen-(6) | 6567-95-9 | C8H10O2 |
| —— | 2-[(2-fluoro-2-methylpropoxy)methyl]oxirane | 128367-31-7 | C7H13FO2 |
| —— | 2-[(1R,2S,4R,5S)-1-methyl-3-oxatricyclo[6.3.1.02,4]dodec-8-en-5-yl]acetic acid | 178266-12-1 | C14H20O3 |
| —— | (1R,4R,5S)-spiro[bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5,2'-oxirane] | 802911-97-3 | C8H10O |
| —— | 3,6-bis-chloromethyl-3,6-dimethyl-[1,4]dioxane-2,5-diol | 25234-15-5 | C8H14Cl2O4 |
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