环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (2S,3Z)-6-(tert-butyloxy)-1,2-epoxy-3-hexene | 147589-63-7 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | D-3,6-diisopropyl[1,4]dioxane-2,5-dione | 1507252-12-1 | C10H16O4 |
| —— | butyl (2S,3S)-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 928122-12-7 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | 2,2-diethyl-5-formyl-1,3-dioxane | 130034-51-4 | C9H16O3 |
| —— | 2-(7-ethoxy-heptyl)-3-(5-methyl-hexyl)-oxirane | 64183-36-4 | C18H36O2 |
| —— | glycidol 1-(vinyloxyethoxy)ethyl ether | 74802-05-4 | C9H16O4 |
| —— | 3-<i>tert</i>-butyl-2-chloro-oxiranecarboxylic acid isopropyl ester | 55754-95-5 | C10H17ClO3 |
| —— | (R)-2-((2R,3R)-2-Isopropenyl-3,7-dimethyl-octyl)-oxirane | 93701-00-9 | C15H28O |
| —— | 3-(2-Methyloxiran-2-yl)propyl pivalate | 1290613-72-7 | C11H20O3 |
| —— | 4-(3,3-Dimethyl-oxiranyl)-2-methyl-butyronitrile | 54088-66-3 | C9H15NO |
| —— | 8-Methyl-8a,9-oxidobicyclo<3.3.0>oct-2-en | 65276-80-4 | C9H12O |
| —— | 3-(Cyclopentyloxymethyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3-ene | 1266614-36-1 | C15H24O2 |
| —— | tert.-Butyl β-methyl-β-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-glycidat | 66549-78-8 | C14H24O3 |
| —— | 2-[4-methyl-4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)pent-2-yn-1-yl]oxirane | 1021867-59-3 | C11H16O3 |
| —— | spiro[5,6,7,7a,8,9-hexahydro-4aH-[1,2,4]trioxino[6,5-i]chromene-2,4'-cyclohexa-2,5-diene]-1',10-dione | 120409-03-2 | C15H16O6 |
| —— | trans-2,3-dimethyl-2-(1-ethoxyvinyl)oxirane | 147721-31-1 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | 2-Oxatwistan | 53287-52-8 | C9H14O |
| —— | 3-((E)-6-Bromo-hex-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethyl-oxirane | 121667-08-1 | C10H17BrO |
| —— | trans-1-cyclohexyl-1,2-epoxy-3-butene | 83877-82-1 | C10H16O |
| —— | (2R,3S,5S)-3-bromo-5-[(E,1S)-1-bromonon-3-enyl]-2-ethyloxolane | 135819-74-8 | C15H26Br2O |
| —— | (+)-erythro-1,1-dimethoxy-3,4-(Z)-epoxy-5-hexanol | 129311-63-3 | C8H16O4 |
| —— | 3-((E)-6-Iodo-hex-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethyl-oxirane | 121667-09-2 | C10H17IO |
| —— | <2-Tripropylgermyl-aethyl>-<2,3-epoxy-propyl>-aether | 63242-69-3 | C14H30GeO2 |
| —— | 2-methylenecyclohexanespiro-2'-oxiran | 70254-32-9 | C8H12O |
| —— | (2R,3S,4S)-Methyl 2,3-epoxy-4-methylhexadecanoate | 138754-75-3 | C18H34O3 |
| —— | <4-(2,3-Epoxy-propyloxy)-butyl>-<2-triaethylgermyl-aethyl>-aether | 63242-71-7 | C15H32GeO3 |
| —— | Methyl 2-chloro-3,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 129015-33-4 | C6H9ClO3 |
| —— | 2.3.3.5.5.6.6.7.7-Nonafluor-2-methoxy-1-oxa-spiro<3.3>heptan | 647-93-8 | C7H3F9O2 |
| —— | 1,3,4,5,8-Pentamethyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo<3.2.1>oct-3-ene | 152700-08-8 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | α-acetoxyacetophenone (2S,3S)-1,4-dimethoxy-2,3-butylene acetal | 122428-61-9 | C16H22O6 |
| —— | (E)-2-(9,9,9-trifluoronon-6-en-1-yl)oxirane | 1333159-45-7 | C11H17F3O |
| —— | (2RS,4S,5R,8S)-4-(bromomethyl)-1,2-epoxy-8-(methoxymethoxy)-5,9-dimethyldecane | 142746-46-1 | C15H29BrO3 |
| —— | (R)-2,5-Dimethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.2]pentane-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 66826-68-4 | C9H14O3 |
| —— | 4,8-Dimethyl-2-oxabicyclo<3.3.1>nona-3,7-dien | 49576-26-3 | C10H14O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2,3-Difluoro-2,3-bis-pentafluoroethyl-oxirane | 74728-99-7 | C6F12O |
| —— | 3-Pentyl-2-propyl-2-vinyl-oxirane | 98441-89-5 | C12H22O |
| —— | 4,8-dichloro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-9-oxa-bicyclo[4.2.1]nona-2,4,7-triene | 63577-94-6 | C12H14Cl2O |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-((2Z,5Z)-Octa-2,5-dienyl)-3-((Z)-pent-2-en-4-ynyl)-oxirane | 83039-08-1 | C15H20O |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2-decyl-3-((isopentylthio)methyl)oxirane | 1427215-26-6 | C18H36OS |
| —— | 2-ethyl-3-propenyl-oxirane | 34485-80-8 | C7H12O |
| —— | tetramethylene-1,1-epoxy-1,2-butene-3 | 59231-17-3 | C8H12O |
| —— | (4Z)-1,2-epoxy-3-methyl-4-hexene | 94953-90-9 | C7H12O |
| —— | (2-Methylene-3-buten-1-yl)oxirane | 129100-78-3 | C7H10O |
| —— | [(2S,3R,6R)-6-methyl-2-propan-2-yloxy-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl] cyanate | 1027190-31-3 | C10H15NO3 |
| —— | methyl 2,3-dideoxy-3-nitro-β-D-erythro-pentofuranosiduronic acid | 102342-35-8 | C6H9NO6 |
| —— | N-(2-methoxy-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)methacrylamide | 1225325-45-0 | C9H15NO4 |
| —— | 2-(1-propynyl)-3-methyloxirane | 6924-84-1 | C6H8O |
| —— | epibromhydrine dideuterie | 113629-67-7 | C3H5BrO |
| —— | 2-(1,2-Dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-2,3,3,4-tetramethyl-oxetane | 69202-13-7 | C9H13Cl2F3O |
| —— | 2-((oct-2-yn-1-yloxy)methyl)oxirane | 1313869-53-2 | C11H18O2 |
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