环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (4R,5R)-5-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylic acid | 1253041-49-4 | C9H15NO5 |
| —— | (4R,5R)-3,3-Difluoro-4-methyl-5-(3-methyl-but-2-enyl)-tetrahydro-furan-2-ol | 209354-98-3 | C10H16F2O2 |
| —— | trimethyl-propenyl-oxirane | 28569-23-5 | C8H14O |
| —— | 9α,11-epoxydriman-8α-ol | 863203-24-1 | C15H26O2 |
| —— | 2-Cyclopropyl-2-dimethoxymethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.2]pentane | 80706-64-5 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 1,4-Diallyloxy-2-methyl-2,3-epoxybutan | 39583-17-0 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | 2,3-Epoxy-buttersaeure-cyclohexylester | 99181-52-9 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 2-<(12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,17,17,17-tridecafluoroheptadecyloxy)methyl>oxirane | 177161-93-2 | C20H27F13O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R,6R)-6-Furan-2-yl-6-[(S)-furan-2-yl-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethoxy)-methyl]-3-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid | 190320-62-8 | C22H30O7Si |
| —— | (3R)-{6-[(1S,6S)-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-cyclohexa-2,4-dienyl]-3-methyl-hex-(3E)-enyl}-2,2-dimethyl-oxirane | 1038994-39-6 | C25H40O |
| —— | (2R,3R)-1,2-epoxy-3-methoxymethoxyoctadecane | 1258429-15-0 | C20H40O3 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-Methyl-3-phenyl-oxirane-2-carbonyl azide | 89848-98-6 | C10H9N3O2 |
| —— | 2,3,6,6-perdeutero-α-cyclodextrin | 70337-19-8 | C36H60O30 |
| —— | (2,2-dichloro-1-methyl-1-cyclopropyl)oxirane | 99806-28-7 | C6H8Cl2O |
| —— | 2-tert.-Butyl-2,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3-dioxolan | 24085-98-1 | C11H22O2 |
| —— | 2,2-Bis-<3-triaethylsilyl-propyl>-oxiran | 32552-49-1 | C20H44OSi2 |
| —— | (3S*,4R*,6Z,9E)-3,4-epoxydodeca-6,9-dien-1-ol | 1403769-05-0 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-[3-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-propyl]-2-methyl-oxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 121620-24-4 | C13H26O3Si |
| —— | ((S)-2,2-dimethyl-4-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)oxazolidin-3-yl)((2S,3R)-3-undecyloxiran-2-yl)methanone | 1438398-94-7 | C22H41NO3S |
| —— | 142160-65-4 | C11H13ClO | |
| —— | 1-oxa-4-methylenespiro<2.12>pentadecane | 95784-90-0 | C15H26O |
| —— | 3-trichloromethyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid diethylamide | 25580-08-9 | C8H12Cl3NO2 |
| —— | (Z)-3-tert-Butyl-2-chlor-2-methyloxiran | 91524-24-2 | C7H13ClO |
| —— | 3,4-Epoxy-4-propylheptan | 83871-45-8 | C10H20O |
| —— | benzaldehyde (2R,3R)-2,3-epoxybutanohydrazone | 174787-19-0 | C11H12N2O2 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2-dodec-11-enyl-3-(iodomethyl)oxirane | 158977-94-7 | C15H27IO |
| —— | (E)-trans-2,3-epoxynon-7-enal | 106625-83-6 | C9H14O2 |
| —— | [(4R,5R)-5-Hydroxymethyl-2-((E)-propenyl)-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl]-methanol | 201417-40-5 | C8H14O4 |
| —— | 2-[((E)-Octadec-2-enyl)oxymethyl]-oxirane | 27069-66-5 | C21H40O2 |
| —— | 2-Chloro-3-isopropyl-oxirane-2-carbonitrile | 28695-28-5 | C6H8ClNO |
| —— | 2-Methyl-1,4-diethoxy-2,3-epoxybutan | 39583-18-1 | C9H18O3 |
| —— | (1R,4R,6R,9S,10S)-4,12,12-trimethylspiro(5-oxatricyclo[8.2.0.04,6]dodecane-9,2'-oxirane) | 60444-80-6 | C15H24O2 |
| —— | ((S)-2,2-dimethyl-4-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)oxazolidin-3-yl)((2S,3R)-3-((S)-hexadecan-2-yl)oxiran-2-yl)methanone | 1195779-03-3 | C27H51NO3S |
| —— | N,N'-Bis-[1-(3-propyl-oxiranyl)-eth-(E)-ylidene]-hydrazine | 30152-27-3 | C14H24N2O2 |
| —— | (E)-trans-2,3-epoxy-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)non-7-enal (Z)-nitrone | 106625-91-6 | C13H23NO2 |
| —— | 4-(difluoromethyl)-1-(iodomethyl)-2-oxabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane | 2639420-20-3 | C7H9F2IO |
| —— | dicyclopentyl epoxysuccinate | 68361-47-7 | C14H20O5 |
| —— | 4,8-dimethyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane | 53898-17-2 | C9H16O |
| —— | 1234475-23-0 | C19H34O2 | |
| —— | (+)-(2S,3S)-N-(3-bromopropyl)-3-phenyloxiranecarboxamide | 623571-20-0 | C12H14BrNO2 |
| —— | trans-1,2-Di-(propen-2-yl)-ethylenoxid | 955371-61-6 | C8H12O |
| —— | diethyl-methyl-(10-oxiranyl-3,6,9-trioxa-decyl)-silane | 26382-34-3 | C14H30O4Si |
| —— | [(2R,3R)-3-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]methanol | 213592-77-9 | C10H20O4 |
| —— | 2,5-anhydro-1,6-di-C-(N-methyl)amino-1,6-dideoxy-3,4-di-O-methyl-D-mannitol dihydrochloride | 114809-91-5 | C10H22N2O3*2ClH |
| —— | 1,4-Diallyloxy-2,3-epoxybutan | 39583-12-5 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | 1,2-Epoxy-2-methyl-5-ethoxyoct-3-in | 26457-23-8 | C11H18O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S,6E,10E)-2,3-epoxytricosa-6,10-dien-1-ol | 358740-29-1 | C23H42O2 |
| —— | 2-chloro-3-isopropyl-3-methyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid isopropyl ester | 29737-61-9 | C10H17ClO3 |
| —— | 2,2-Diethyl-hexahydro-benzo[1,3,2]dioxagermole | 39997-98-3 | C10H20GeO2 |
| —— | dibutyl(3-(((R)-oxiran-2-yl)methoxy)propyl)(3-(((S)-oxiran-2-yl)methoxy)propyl)stannane | 34376-03-9 | C20H40O4Sn |
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