环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (2R,5R,6R)-2,12:5,6-diepoxycaryophyllane | 60444-80-6 | C15H24O2 |
| —— | Einecs 249-758-6 | 29660-48-8 | C15H24O |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-3-propyl-hexanoic acid ethyl ester | 100048-26-8 | C11H20O3 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-3-methyl-hexanoic acid | 4383-97-5 | C7H12O3 |
| —— | 1,2-epoxy-3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-octafluorohexane | 123271-23-8 | C6H4F8O |
| —— | ethyl (Z)-3-methyl-3-phenylglycidate | 70774-46-8 | C12H14O3 |
| —— | 1,4-bis(2,3-epoxypropoxy)cyclohexane | 16850-39-8 | C12H20O4 |
| —— | Ethyl spiro[6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulene-5,3'-oxirane]-2'-carboxylate | 97283-72-2 | C15H18O3 |
| —— | 1,1:2,2-Bis-pentamethylen-ethylenoxid | 174-36-7 | C12H20O |
| —— | 1-oxa-spiro[2.6]nonane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 6975-19-5 | C11H18O3 |
| —— | trans/cis-dodecafluoro-2,3-epoxyhexane | 71917-16-3 | C6F12O |
| —— | 1,1,2,2,5,5,6,6-octamethyl-7-oxadispiro[2.0.2.1]heptane | 496881-57-3 | C14H24O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxiranemethanol | 204918-26-3 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | methyl cis-2,3-epoxyhexanoate | —— | C7H12O3 |
| —— | 2-(9-chloro-nonyl)-2-methyloxirane | 204316-47-2 | C12H23ClO |
| —— | 1,6-di-((S)-oxiran-2-yl)-hexane | 161814-90-0 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (+/-)-tetrahydrocerulenin | 64838-72-8 | C12H21NO3 |
| —— | rel-(2R,3S)-N,N-Dimethyl-3-(1-oxotetradecyl)-2-oxiranecarboxamide | 252026-93-0 | C19H35NO3 |
| —— | (1S,2S,4S,7S)-5-bromo-3,8-dioxa-tricyclo[5.1.0.0<sup>2,4</sup>]oct-5-ene | 320616-21-5 | C6H5BrO2 |
| —— | (1S,2S,4S,7S)-5-chloro-3,8-dioxa-tricyclo[5.1.0.0<sup>2,4</sup>]oct-5-ene | 320410-64-8 | C6H5ClO2 |
| —— | Methyl 2-chloro-3-heptyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 475145-78-9 | C11H19ClO3 |
| —— | (8Z)-1,6,10,10-tetramethyl-5,13-dioxatricyclo[10.1.0.04,6]tridec-8-ene | 118899-63-1 | C15H24O2 |
| —— | {(2R,3R)-3-[2-((2S,3S)-3-Methoxymethoxymethyl-3-methyl-oxiranyl)-ethyl]-2-methyl-oxiranyl}-methanol | 294623-82-8 | C12H22O5 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-Chloromethyl-3-dodecyl-oxirane | 566202-94-6 | C15H29ClO |
| —— | {(2S,3S)-2-Methyl-3-[2-(2-vinyl-oxiranyl)-ethyl]-oxiranyl}-methanol | 609767-77-3 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | (R)-2-(diisopropoxymethyl)oxirane | 934296-13-6 | C9H18O3 |
| —— | (Z)-2-(hex-4-enyl)-2-pentyloxirane | 1159611-86-5 | C13H24O |
| —— | (3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-[2-[(2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-(3-methylbut-3-enyl)oxiran-2-yl]ethyl]oxirane | 1221900-11-3 | C14H24O2 |
| —— | 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-decamethyl-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]octane | 1239151-80-4 | C17H32O |
| —— | seq.-trans-3-Ethoxycarbonyl-2-isobutyl-2-methyl-oxiran | 24222-13-7 | C10H18O3 |
| —— | (2R)-2-[(2Z)-2-methylhexa-2,5-dienyl]oxirane | 1350744-05-6 | C9H14O |
| —— | trans-1,2-Epoxy-1-methoxycarbonyl-cycloundecan | 64268-94-6 | C13H22O3 |
| —— | (3,3-Dimethyl-2-trimethylsilanyl-oxiranyl)-trimethylsilanyl-methanone | 135192-93-7 | C11H24O2Si2 |
| —— | 6,7-erythro-5,6:7,8-Diepoxydodecan | 123285-75-6 | C12H22O2 |
| —— | (2R)-2-[(7S)-7-(methoxymethoxy)-8-nonenyl]oxirane | 1022533-04-5 | C13H24O3 |
| —— | (3S)-{6-[(1S,6S)-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-cyclohexa-2,4-dienyl]-3-methyl-hex-(3E)-enyl}-2,2-dimethyloxirane | 1038994-41-0 | C25H40O |
| —— | 3-{2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl}oxiran-2-yl acetate | 1584651-43-3 | C13H20O4 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-2,3-epoxy-6-methylheptan-1-ol | 1247042-85-8 | C8H16O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-methyl 2,3-epoxy-6-methylheptanoate | 1247042-86-9 | C9H16O3 |
| —— | 2-(3-Cyclododecyloxypropyl)oxirane | 1245018-83-0 | C17H32O2 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2,3-epoxy-6-methylheptanoic acid | 1247042-84-7 | C8H14O3 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-Formyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid diethylamide | 191281-91-1 | C8H13NO3 |
| —— | (2S)-2-[(2R)-oxiran-2-yl]propan-1-ol | 928050-47-9 | C5H10O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-2-hexyl-3-(methoxymethyl)oxirane | 1192872-86-8 | C10H20O2 |
| —— | 1-[(2-methyloxiran-2-yl)methyl]cyclohexanecarbonitrile | 1119832-79-9 | C11H17NO |
| —— | [(2R,4R,5S)-4,5-dihydroxyhept-6-en-2-yl] (2R,3R)-3-ethenyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1025436-41-2 | C12H18O5 |
| —— | [(2R,3R)-3-[(3R)-5-methylhex-5-en-3-yl]oxiran-2-yl]methanol | 1192036-58-0 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | (2R)-2-tetradecyloxirane-2-carbaldehyde | 1256667-80-7 | C17H32O2 |
| —— | (S)-2-((S)-5-hexyl-2,4,7,10-tetraoxaundecan-11-yl)oxirane | 1261074-44-5 | C15H30O5 |
| —— | (S)-2-((S)-5-(4-cyclohexylbutyl)-2,4,7,10-tetraoxaundecan-11-yl)oxirane | 1261074-45-6 | C19H36O5 |
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