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    首页 分子通 按分子结构分类 有机化合物 有机杂环化合物 环氧化物

    环氧化物

    环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。

    环氧基团

    环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。

    应用领域
    1. 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
    2. 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
    3. 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
    合成方法

    环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：

    • 氧化还原反应
    • 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
    • 光化学反应

    这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— E-1,2-epoxy-2-methyl-6,6-dimethoxyhex-3-ene 104127-54-0 C9H16O3
    E-1,2-epoxy-2-methyl-6,6-dimethoxyhex-3-ene
    —— 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethyl-5-silaspiro<4.4>nonane 152862-66-3 C10H18OSi
    2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethyl-5-silaspiro<4.4>nonane
    —— 688359-65-1 C10H14O2
    —— 1-methyl-1-(1-octen-3-yn-1-yl)oxirane 750639-26-0 C11H16O
    1-methyl-1-(1-octen-3-yn-1-yl)oxirane
    —— ((2S,3S)-3-ethyloxiran-2-yl)methanol 104530-72-5 C5H10O2
    ((2S,3S)-3-ethyloxiran-2-yl)methanol
    —— (2R,3S)-(+) methyl 2,3-epoxy-3-<2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl>propionate 145987-15-1 C24H30O3
    (2R,3S)-(+) methyl 2,3-epoxy-3-<2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl>propionate
    —— 3-methyl-3-phenyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid methyl ester 5441-04-3 C11H12O3
    3-methyl-3-phenyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid methyl ester
    —— 1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachloro-5-(2-oxa-4,5-epoxy-1-pentyl)bicyclo<2.2.1>hept-2-ene 22532-27-0 C11H10Cl6O2
    1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachloro-5-(2-oxa-4,5-epoxy-1-pentyl)bicyclo<2.2.1>hept-2-ene
    —— Methyl 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate 65492-41-3 C7H12O3
    Methyl 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate
    —— Methyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxiranecarboxylate 89941-67-3 C7H12O3
    Methyl 3-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxiranecarboxylate
    —— (1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-norborn-5-en-2-yl)-oxirane 28487-52-7 C9H6Cl6O
    (1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-norborn-5-en-2-yl)-oxirane
    —— (3<i>RS</i>,6<i>RS</i>,7<i>RS</i>)-2,3;6,7-diepoxy-2,6-dimethyl-oct-4<i>t</i>-ene 2225-85-6 C10H16O2
    (3<i>RS</i>,6<i>RS</i>,7<i>RS</i>)-2,3;6,7-diepoxy-2,6-dimethyl-oct-4<i>t</i>-ene
    —— (3<i>RS</i>,6<i>RS</i>,7<i>SR</i>)-2,3;6,7-diepoxy-2,6-dimethyl-oct-4<i>t</i>-ene 2225-85-6 C10H16O2
    (3<i>RS</i>,6<i>RS</i>,7<i>SR</i>)-2,3;6,7-diepoxy-2,6-dimethyl-oct-4<i>t</i>-ene
    —— methyl 3-methyloxiranecarboxylate 2980-48-5 C5H8O3
    methyl 3-methyloxiranecarboxylate
    —— 2-Chloro-2-(1-chloroethyl)oxirane 51107-31-4 C4H6Cl2O
    2-Chloro-2-(1-chloroethyl)oxirane
    —— 2-allyl-3-ethyl-oxirane 58325-53-4 C7H12O
    2-allyl-3-ethyl-oxirane
    —— (8,8-dimethyl-4-methylene)-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane 54345-56-1 C10H16O
    (8,8-dimethyl-4-methylene)-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane
    —— 4,8,8-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]oct-4-ene 72008-24-3 C10H16O
    4,8,8-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]oct-4-ene
    —— (+)-(3R,5S)-4,4,5-trimethyl-8-methylidene-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane 140479-11-4 C11H18O
    (+)-(3R,5S)-4,4,5-trimethyl-8-methylidene-1-oxaspiro<2.5>octane
    —— N-methoxy-N-methyl (2S,3S)-3-<(R)-1-<(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy>ethyl>-2-carbamoyl-oxirane-2-carboxamide 239100-56-2 C14H28N2O5Si
    N-methoxy-N-methyl (2S,3S)-3-<(R)-1-<(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy>ethyl>-2-carbamoyl-oxirane-2-carboxamide
    —— (1α,3α,5α,8α)-4,9-Dioxatricyclo<6.1.0.0<sup>3,5</sup>>non-6-en 61606-41-5 C7H8O2
    (1α,3α,5α,8α)-4,9-Dioxatricyclo<6.1.0.0<sup>3,5</sup>>non-6-en
    —— octylsulfanylmethyl-oxirane 73479-00-2 C11H22OS
    octylsulfanylmethyl-oxirane
    —— 2,2-dibutyl-1,4-dioxaspiro<2.2>pentane 113403-67-1 C11H20O2
    2,2-dibutyl-1,4-dioxaspiro<2.2>pentane
    —— cis-2,3-epoxy-8-methylnonanol 115939-54-3 C10H20O2
    cis-2,3-epoxy-8-methylnonanol
    —— [(2R)-2-tert-butyloxiran-2-yl]methanol 162537-20-4 C7H14O2
    [(2R)-2-tert-butyloxiran-2-yl]methanol
    —— 5,10,15-Trioxatetracyclo[12.1.0.0~4,6~.0~9,11~]pentadecane 286-79-3 C12H18O3
    5,10,15-Trioxatetracyclo[12.1.0.0~4,6~.0~9,11~]pentadecane
    —— 5.6:9.10-Diepoxy-cyclododecen-(1) 4744-26-7 C12H18O2
    5.6:9.10-Diepoxy-cyclododecen-(1)
    —— (9E)-5,14-dioxatricyclo[11.1.0.04,6]tetradec-9-ene 4744-26-7 C12H18O2
    (9E)-5,14-dioxatricyclo[11.1.0.04,6]tetradec-9-ene
    —— ethyl 2-chloro-2,3-epoxytridecanoate 113466-71-0 C15H27ClO3
    ethyl 2-chloro-2,3-epoxytridecanoate
    —— 2-chloro-3-ethyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid ethyl ester 28942-44-1 C7H11ClO3
    2-chloro-3-ethyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid ethyl ester
    —— 2-allyl-2-methyl-oxirane 20924-80-5 C6H10O
    2-allyl-2-methyl-oxirane
    —— methyl 2-chloro-3-isopropyloxirane-2-carboxylate 28942-47-4 C7H11ClO3
    methyl 2-chloro-3-isopropyloxirane-2-carboxylate
    —— ethyl 2-chloro-3-isopropyloxirane-2-carboxylate 21806-21-3 C8H13ClO3
    ethyl 2-chloro-3-isopropyloxirane-2-carboxylate
    —— 2,3-β-epoxy-15-valparene 130774-09-3 C20H32O
    2,3-β-epoxy-15-valparene
    —— (2S,2'S,3S,3'S)-3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(2-methyloxirane-3,2-diyl)dimethanol 173010-09-8 C10H18O4
    (2S,2'S,3S,3'S)-3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(2-methyloxirane-3,2-diyl)dimethanol
    —— (Z)-2-Methyl-2-(oct-2-enyl)oxirane 325829-21-8 C11H20O
    (Z)-2-Methyl-2-(oct-2-enyl)oxirane
    —— 2-Octatriacontyloxirane 113527-38-1 C40H80O
    2-Octatriacontyloxirane
    —— methyl 3,3-diethyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate 36239-87-9 C9H16O3
    methyl 3,3-diethyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate
    —— (E)-4,5-epoxy-2-pentenoic acid 132509-83-2 C5H6O3
    (E)-4,5-epoxy-2-pentenoic acid
    —— (2R,3R)-4-cyclohexyl-2,3-epoxy-1-butanol 119624-69-0 C10H18O2
    (2R,3R)-4-cyclohexyl-2,3-epoxy-1-butanol
    —— 2-(1-bromoethyl)oxirane 3055-08-1 C4H7BrO
    2-(1-bromoethyl)oxirane
    —— Ethyl 3-benzyl-2-chlorooxirane-2-carboxylate 74167-84-3 C12H13ClO3
    Ethyl 3-benzyl-2-chlorooxirane-2-carboxylate
    —— Ethyl 2-chloro-3-(2-methylpropyl)oxirane-2-carboxylate 111055-66-4 C9H15ClO3
    Ethyl 2-chloro-3-(2-methylpropyl)oxirane-2-carboxylate
    —— 2-Chlor-2,3-epoxy-capronsaeureaethylester 28942-45-2 C8H13ClO3
    2-Chlor-2,3-epoxy-capronsaeureaethylester
    —— Ethyl 2-chloro-2,3-epoxyheptanoate 111055-65-3 C9H15ClO3
    Ethyl 2-chloro-2,3-epoxyheptanoate
    —— Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 2-chloro-3-hexyl-, ethyl ester 113466-68-5 C11H19ClO3
    Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 2-chloro-3-hexyl-, ethyl ester
    —— Ethyl 2-chloro-3-pentyloxirane-2-carboxylate 111055-67-5 C10H17ClO3
    Ethyl 2-chloro-3-pentyloxirane-2-carboxylate
    —— (2-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octan-2-yl)methanol 99182-99-7 C9H16O2
    (2-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octan-2-yl)methanol
    —— 4,4-dimethyl-2,3-epoxypentanol 646058-57-3 C7H14O2
    4,4-dimethyl-2,3-epoxypentanol
    —— 5,5,7-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane 2815-48-7 C10H18O
    5,5,7-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane