环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (2S)-1,2-epoxy-6-(trimethylsilyl)-4-hexyne | 145987-95-7 | C9H16OSi |
| —— | (Z)-(2S)-1,2-epoxy-6-(trimethylsilyl)-4-hexene | 145987-96-8 | C9H18OSi |
| —— | (Z)-1,2-epoxy-6-(trimethylsilyl)-4-hexene | 145939-38-4 | C9H18OSi |
| —— | 1,7,11,15,19,23-Hexaoxaspiro[2.23]hexacosane | 55333-59-0 | C20H38O6 |
| —— | (E)-3-[(1R,2S,3R,4S)-3-((2S,3S)-3-Hydroxymethyl-oxiranyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl]-propenol | 187841-42-5 | C13H18O3 |
| —— | Prop-2-ynyl 3-(8-methoxy-4,8-dimethylnonyl)-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1352303-75-3 | C19H32O4 |
| —— | Ethyl 3-(8-methoxy-4,8-dimethylnonyl)-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1352303-73-1 | C18H34O4 |
| —— | Prop-2-enyl 3-(8-methoxy-4,8-dimethylnonyl)-3-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 1352303-74-2 | C19H34O4 |
| —— | 3-Ethynyl-2-(8-methoxy-4,8-dimethylnonyl)-2-methyloxirane | 1352303-78-6 | C17H30O2 |
| —— | N-methoxy-3-(8-methoxy-4,8-dimethylnonyl)-N,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carboxamide | 1352303-76-4 | C18H35NO4 |
| —— | (3-Ethynyl-oxiranyl)-methanol | 144540-66-9 | C5H6O2 |
| —— | [(2R,4S)-2-(2-methylsulfanylethyl)-4-propan-2-yl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-[(2S,3R)-3-phenyloxiran-2-yl]methanone | 1285721-16-5 | C18H25NO3S |
| —— | 2-Ethoxyethyl 3-methyl-3-phenyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 7598-44-9 | C14H18O4 |
| —— | N-[2-[(3,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carbonyl)amino]ethyl]-3,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carboxamide | 91638-38-9 | C12H20N2O4 |
| —— | 2,3-dimethyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid methyl ester | 72150-00-6 | C6H10O3 |
| —— | (2RS,3SR)-2,3-Epoxyundec-5-yn-1-al | —— | C11H16O2 |
| —— | ((2S,3S)-3-tridecyloxiran-2-yl)-methanol | 107796-98-5 | C16H32O2 |
| —— | [4-[(2R,3R)-3-[2-[(2R)-3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl]ethyl]-3-methyloxiran-2-yl]-2-methylidenebutyl]-trimethylsilane | 1221900-09-9 | C17H32O2Si |
| —— | tert-butyl-2-chloro-2,3-epoxy-4-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-butanoate | 102191-94-6 | C14H27ClO4Si |
| —— | (2R)-2-[(dicyclopropylmethoxy)methyl]oxirane | 804555-48-4 | C10H16O2 |
| —— | (+)-(3S,7S)-7-ethyl-4,8,8-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>oct-4-ene | 140479-13-6 | C12H20O |
| —— | [(S)-1-((2R,3R)-3-Methoxymethoxymethyl-oxiranyl)-3-methyl-butyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester | 181357-07-3 | C15H29NO5 |
| —— | methyl 3-ethyl-2-oxiranecarboxylate | 80581-35-7 | C6H10O3 |
| —— | methyl 3-ethyl-2-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 86022-46-0 | C7H12O3 |
| —— | 3-(β-Aminoethyl)benzene Oxide | 72251-59-3 | C8H11NO |
| —— | 2-(1-Prop-2-ynyloxy-cyclohexyl)-oxirane | 398460-54-3 | C11H16O2 |
| —— | (2S,3R,4R) 2,3-epoxy-4-methyl oct-6-yn-1-ol | 158220-64-5 | C9H14O2 |
| —— | (2R,3R,4R) 2,3-epoxy-4-methyl oct-6-ynoic acid | 158220-65-6 | C9H12O3 |
| —— | ethyl (2S,3R)-3-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-methyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 950765-82-9 | C8H14O4 |
| —— | 6-(2,2,3-trimethyl-cyclopent-3-enyl)-1-oxa-spiro[2.5]oct-5-ene | 916652-06-7 | C15H22O |
| —— | 3-butyloxirane-2-carbonitrile | 58901-92-1 | C7H11NO |
| —— | (1α,2α,3α,5α,8α)-Spiro<4,9-dioxatricyclo<6.1.0.03,5>non-6-en-2,2'-oxiran> | 61463-48-7 | C8H8O3 |
| —— | humulene 9,10-epoxide | 21624-36-2 | C15H24O |
| —— | humulene epoxide III | 21624-36-2 | C15H24O |
| —— | (2R,3R)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-N-methyl-3-phenyloxirane-2-carboxamide | —— | C18H19NO3 |
| —— | (+/-)-<i>erythro</i>-3,4-epoxy-octane | —— | C8H16O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-butyl-3-ethyloxirane | 28180-71-4 | C8H16O |
| —— | (2R,3R)-3-Nonyloxirane-2-carboxamide | 123888-99-3 | C12H23NO2 |
| —— | ethyl 3-ethyloxirane-2-carboxylate | 90024-48-9 | C7H12O3 |
| —— | anti-4-Fluoro-syn-5-(methylthio)-9-oxabicyclo<6.1.0>nonane | 137742-55-3 | C9H15FOS |
| —— | 4β-methoxy-1β-<(2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy>-1α,2,3,3aα,4α,5,6,7β,8β,8aα-decahydro-7,8-epoxyazulene | 93111-89-8 | C15H26O5 |
| —— | (+)-(3R,7S)-4,7,8,8-tetramethyl-1-oxaspiro<2.5>oct-4-ene | 140632-38-8 | C11H18O |
| —— | 2<i>r</i>-chloro-2-ethyl-3<i>c</i>-methyl-oxirane | 21894-16-6 | C5H9ClO |
| —— | 2[(4,4,4,3,3,2,2-heptafluorobutoxy)methyl]oxirane | 648-43-1 | C7H7F7O2 |
| —— | 1,2-Epoxy-2,3-dimethyl-pentan | 42328-43-8 | C7H14O |
| —— | 1-tridecyl-1-(prop-2-ynyloxy)-2,3-epoxypropane | 203925-02-4 | C19H34O2 |
| —— | (3S,4R)-4-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octane | 170901-08-3 | C8H14O |
| —— | 2-Carbamoyl-3-isopropyl-3-methyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 2907-73-5 | C10H17NO4 |
| —— | cis-9-Oxabicyclo<6.1.0>non-3-in | 106543-68-4 | C8H10O |
| —— | Spirotubipolide | 111233-41-1 | C17H20O5 |
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