环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团(即C-O-C三元环)的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3,其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中,并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O,它具有高度反应性,能够参与多种类型的反应,例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质,环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体,也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域环氧化物的合成方法多样,包括但不限于:
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | perfluorobutylethyl glycidyl ether | 384828-82-4 | C9H9F9O2 |
| —— | 2,2-dimethyl-3-(prop-2-enoxymethyl)oxirane | 114702-40-8 | C8H14O2 |
| —— | (2S,3S)-6-(but-3-en-1-yloxy)-3-(1-methoxyallyloxy)-2-methyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran | 1013426-47-5 | C14H22O4 |
| —— | 55724-12-4 | C6H10O | |
| —— | 2-[(E)-2-iodoethenyl]-3-propyloxirane | 126347-92-0 | C7H11IO |
| —— | 2,2-Bis-<3-dibutylmethylsilyl-propyl>-oxiran | 32552-47-9 | C26H56OSi2 |
| —— | methyl R-α-phenylglycidate | 98393-28-3 | C10H10O3 |
| —— | 1192061-23-6 | C14H20O2 | |
| —— | cis-1,2-Di(propen-2-yl)-ethylenoxid | 28967-03-5 | C8H12O |
| —— | 2,3-bis(methylene-d2)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane | 330962-13-5 | C8H10O |
| —— | 1-[(E)-2-iodoethenyl]-4-methyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane | 339177-47-8 | C8H11IO3 |
| —— | (2S,3S,4aR,8aS)-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine-2,3-diol | 28993-43-3 | C8H14O4 |
| —— | 7,8-Dichlor-1,2-epoxy-perfluor-octan | 13714-91-5 | C8Cl2F14O |
| —— | 4-acetoxy-2,3-epoxy-2,4-dimethyl-pentan-1-ol | 113951-58-9 | C9H16O4 |
| —— | trans-2-methoxy-2,5-dimethyl-5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-Δ3-1,3,4-oxadiazoline | 119393-18-9 | C9H18N2O2 |
| —— | (3-Allyl-3-isopropyl-oxiranyl)-acetic acid | 218786-69-7 | C10H16O3 |
| —— | (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2,5-Dicyano-2,5-diphenyl-tetrahydro-furan-3,4-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester | 34018-15-0 | C22H18N2O5 |
| —— | 2,3:6,7-Diepoxynerol | 137917-60-3 | C10H18O3 |
| —— | 1-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)cyclohexanecarbonitrile | 1174069-97-6 | C10H15NO |
| —— | 3-(3-iodobutyl)-2,2-dimethyloxirane | 142779-44-0 | C8H15IO |
| —— | 1',2',3',4',4a',5',6',7',8',9a'-decahydro-spiro-<cyclohexane-1,9'-xanthene> | 81697-52-1 | C18H28O |
| —— | 1,4,4-Trimethyl-3-oxa-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane | 34045-91-5 | C8H14O |
| —— | 2-((2R,3S)-3-Pentyl-oxiranyl)-ethylamine | 86001-03-8 | C9H19NO |
| —— | rel-(2R,3S,5R,6S)-2a,2a,3a,3a,5a,5a,6a,6a-octadeuterio-2,3,5,6-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-7-oxabicyclo<2.2.1>heptane | 141706-92-5 | C10H18O5 |
| —— | (1R,10R)-12-Oxa-tricyclo[8.3.2.011,13]pentadec-14-ene | 73926-69-9 | C14H22O |
| —— | 4,8-dimethyl-7,8-epoxynonanenitrile | 142779-57-5 | C11H19NO |
| —— | 1-oxa-4-methylenespiro<2.9>dodecane | 95784-89-7 | C12H20O |
| —— | 2,3:6,7-Diepoxygeraniol | 137917-59-0 | C10H18O3 |
| —— | trans-2,5-diethyl-cis-3,6-dimethoxy-1,4-dioxane | 945-72-2 | C10H20O4 |
| —— | (2R,3S)-2-((2E,5E)-Octa-2,5-dienyl)-3-pentyl-oxirane | 73328-69-5 | C15H26O |
| —— | 3-Ethyl-2,3-epoxy-4,6-dimethyl-hept-4-en-1-saeure-ethylester | 101170-86-9 | C13H22O3 |
| —— | (E)-3-Methyl-3-phenyl-2,3-epoxypropionsaeure | 5669-15-8 | C10H10O3 |
| —— | 2-(3-methylenepent-4-enyl)oxirane | 881840-77-3 | C8H12O |
| —— | (R)-(3-bromopropyl)oxirane | 1305318-08-4 | C5H9BrO |
| —— | (2RS,3SR)-2,3-epoxy-2-methyl-butyronitrile | 21491-33-8 | C5H7NO |
| —— | ((2R,3S)-3-Decyl-2-trimethylsilanyl-oxiranyl)-methanol | 152329-08-3 | C16H34O2Si |
| —— | 1266384-03-5 | C11H19ClO | |
| —— | [(3aS,6aR)-4,5,6,6a-tetrahydro-3aH-cyclopenta[d][1,3]dioxol-2-yl]methyl-tri(propan-2-yl)silane | 908586-10-7 | C16H32O2Si |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2-butyl-3-ethynyloxirane | 1196663-35-0 | C8H12O |
| —— | 36696-23-8 | C11H23O2PS2 | |
| —— | 4-Methyl-nona-2,6-dien-diepoxid | 37777-20-1 | C10H18O2 |
| —— | 67421-48-1 | C10H12Br2O | |
| —— | (7S,8R)-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane-4-yne | 1356192-82-9 | C19H34O |
| —— | 1,2-Dichlor-6,7-epoxy-1,1,2,3,3,4,4-heptafluor-heptan | 953-53-7 | C7H5Cl2F7O |
| —— | 87419-38-3 | C12H22O6 | |
| —— | 2-methyl-6-pentyltetrahydropyran-2-carbonitrile | 143215-32-1 | C12H21NO |
| —— | (R)-(1-oxidobutan-2-yl)gallium hydride | 1338226-35-9 | C4H8GaO |
| —— | 9-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)-7-methylnonan-2-one | 142779-47-3 | C14H26O2 |
| —— | 2,2-Bis-<3-methyldipropylsilyl-propyl>-oxiran | 32818-25-0 | C22H48OSi2 |
| —— | 4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-2-[3-(3-methyl-but-2-enyloxy)-but-1-ynyl]-[1,3,2]dioxaborolane | 851787-04-7 | C15H25BO3 |