环氧化物
环氧化物是一类在碳链上含有一个环氧基团（即C-O-C三元环）的化合物。它们通常表示为R1-R2-OC-O-R3，其中R1、R2和R3可以是相同或不同的取代基。环氧化物广泛存在于自然界中，并且在有机化学、化学化工及生物医药领域中有着重要的应用。
环氧基团环氧基团的结构式为O=C-O-C=O，它具有高度反应性，能够参与多种类型的反应，例如加成反应、开环反应等。由于其特殊的化学性质，环氧化物可以被用作有机合成中的重要中间体，也可以作为聚合物化学中制备交联剂的基础。
应用领域- 医药与生物科学：一些天然存在的环氧化合物如环氧树脂（epoxides）具有抗癌、抗炎等活性。通过结构改造和修饰可以开发出新型的药物分子。
- 材料科学：环氧化合物在聚合物化学中非常重要，常被用作合成热固性树脂的重要成分，这些树脂广泛用于涂料、粘合剂等领域。
- 精细化工：环氧化物是许多精细化学品制备的关键中间体。通过与各种化合物进行开环或加成反应可合成多种有价值的化学品。
环氧化物的合成方法多样，包括但不限于：
- 氧化还原反应
- 亲核加成反应（如使用过氧化氢）
- 光化学反应
这些方法可根据具体需求选择最合适的合成路径。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-cyclohexyloxiranemethanol | 127851-94-9 | C9H16O2 |
| —— | 1.2-Epoxy-10-ethoxy-decan | 100385-78-2 | C12H24O2 |
| —— | 1,3-bis-(3-methoxycarbonyl-oxiranyl)-benzene | 109966-53-2 | C14H14O6 |
| —— | (4R,5R)-2-((E)-6-Oxo-hex-1-enyl)-[1,3]dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylic acid bis-dimethylamide | 187756-40-7 | C15H24N2O5 |
| —— | methyl (2S,3R,7R)-2,3-epoxy-7-methyl-9-methoxynonanoate | 100699-03-4 | C12H22O4 |
| —— | 2-[2-(2-Dodecoxyethoxy)ethoxymethyl]oxirane | 120439-36-3 | C19H38O4 |
| —— | 1-[(4S,5S)-2-ethyl-4,5-bis(methoxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl]ethanol | 107968-13-8 | C11H22O5 |
| —— | methyl (2S,3R)-2,3-epoxypentanoate | 188922-95-4 | C6H10O3 |
| —— | 1-(3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-oxetan-2-yl)-ethanol | 61266-60-2 | C9H18O2 |
| —— | 78398-32-0 | C20H26O | |
| —— | (2R,3R)-4,4-diethoxy-2,3-epoxybutanol | 117970-14-6 | C8H16O4 |
| —— | endo-8-tert-butyl-2-oxabicyclo<3.3.1>non-3-ene | 79855-56-4 | C12H20O |
| —— | (tetrahydrofurfuryl)-Co(dimethylglyoximate)2(OH2) | 227779-40-0 | C13H25CoN4O6 |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-3,7-dimethyl-octanoic acid ethyl ester | 100250-69-9 | C12H22O3 |
| —— | icosahydro-1H,5H,9H,13H,17H-pentacyclopenta[b,e,h,k,n][1,4,7,10,13]pentaoxacyclopentadecine | 95097-35-1 | C25H40O5 |
| —— | (2-tert-Butyl-3-methyl-oxiranyl)-methanol | 100038-15-1 | C8H16O2 |
| —— | (R)-2-((S,Z)-1,1-dimethoxyoct-5-en-2-yl)oxirane | 1289129-41-4 | C12H22O3 |
| —— | (2R,3R,4R)-methyl 4-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-propyltetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate | 1186656-14-3 | C10H18O5 |
| —— | (2S,3R,7R)-2,3-epoxy-7-methyl-9-methoxynonan-1-ol | 100699-01-2 | C11H22O3 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-(4-phenyl-butyl)-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methylamide | 502690-29-1 | C14H19NO2 |
| —— | 2-(2,2-Dichloro-ethyl)-2-methyl-oxirane | 104223-06-5 | C5H8Cl2O |
| —— | ethyl N-benzyl-2,3-epoxysuccinamate | 74576-52-6 | C13H15NO4 |
| —— | (2S,3R,7R)-2,3-epoxy-7-methyl-9-methoxynonan-1-ol | 100699-01-2 | C11H22O3 |
| —— | 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(pent-4-yn-1-yl)-1,3-dioxolane | 1420292-97-2 | C12H20O2 |
| —— | 2-(7-chloro-2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluoroheptyl)-4-(iodomethyl)oxolane | 129922-79-8 | C12H10ClF12IO |
| —— | <(vinylseleno)methyl>oxirane | 129665-93-6 | C5H8OSe |
| —— | (R)-2,3-epoxy-O-methoxymethyl-2-methylpropan-1-ol | 663615-10-9 | C6H12O3 |
| —— | 5,5-dimethylspiro[1,3-dioxane-2,1'-2,4,5,6,7,8,9,9a-octahydrocyclopenta[8]annulene] | 112482-23-2 | C16H26O2 |
| —— | (3S,4R,8R)-1-diazo-3,4-epoxy-7-methyl-10-methoxydeca-2-one | 100699-04-5 | C12H20N2O3 |
| —— | 2,3-Difluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-3-(perfluoropentyl)oxirane | 123201-99-0 | C8F16O |
| —— | 2,3-epoxy-propylamine; hydrochloride | 132327-79-8 | C3H7NO*ClH |
| —— | 1-chloro-2,3-epoxy-5-neopentyl-5-hexene | 51903-25-4 | C11H19ClO |
| —— | [(1S,2R,4E,7E,11R,12S)-2,12-bis(methoxymethoxy)-2,8,12-trimethyl-15-oxabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-4,7-dien-5-yl]methanol | 936747-54-5 | C22H38O6 |
| —— | (2R,3R)-2,3-epoxy<2,3-<sup>H</sup>2>oct-4-yn-1-ol | 129815-00-5 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | Cyclohepta-2,6-dienyl-trimethyl-silane | 79210-75-6 | C10H18Si |
| —— | Glycidyl-(5-vinyloxy-pentyl)-aether | 85997-74-6 | C10H18O3 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-1,2-epoxy-3-octanol EE ether | 96857-00-0 | C12H24O3 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-1,2-epoxy-3-octanol EE ether | 96857-00-0 | C12H24O3 |
| —— | 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[2.2]pentane | 113403-66-0 | C7H12O2 |
| —— | 2,5-Dioxadispiro[2.0.24.43]decane | 74382-45-9 | C8H12O2 |
| —— | 2,3-Epoxy-2-isocyan-4,4-dimethylpentansaeure-methylester | 90179-09-2 | C9H13NO3 |
| —— | 2,3-Difluoro-2-(perfluorohexyl)oxirane | 1350637-14-7 | C8HF15O |
| —— | 1,2-Epoxy-2-methyl-3-trimethylsilyl-propan | 18388-09-5 | C7H16OSi |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-phenyloxirane-2-carbonyl azide | 89848-92-0 | C9H7N3O2 |
| —— | cis-9,10-epoxynonadecane | 85267-95-4 | C19H38O |
| —— | (2R,3S)-3-<(R)-1-<(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy>ethyl>-2-(2-methylbut-2-enoyl)-oxirane-2-carboxamide | 239100-57-3 | C16H29NO4Si |
| —— | (R)-3-(6-Methyl-cyclohexa-1,4-dienyloxy)-tetrahydro-furan | 115432-02-5 | C11H16O2 |
| —— | 2-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxy)-3-propyl-oxirane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 141352-24-1 | C13H26O4Si |
| —— | 2-oxo-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-furan-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester | 861330-73-6 | C13H12O4 |
| —— | (2S,3R)-3-Iodomethyl-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-pent-3-enyl)-oxirane | 91423-25-5 | C10H17IO |
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