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4-氨基-5-己烯酸 | 68506-86-5

中文名称
4-氨基-5-己烯酸
中文别名
氨己烯酸;4-氨基己-5-烯酸
英文名称
4-amino-5-hexenoic acid
英文别名
vigabatrin;4-Azaniumylhex-5-enoate
4-氨基-5-己烯酸化学式
CAS
68506-86-5
化学式
C6H11NO2
mdl
——
分子量
129.159
InChiKey
PJDFLNIOAUIZSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    209℃
  • 沸点:
    277.7±28.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.064±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    甲醇(微溶)、水(微溶)
  • 物理描述:
    Solid
  • 颜色/状态:
    Crystals from acetone/water
  • 蒸汽压力:
    4.18X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    Stable under recommended storage conditions.
  • 解离常数:
    pKa1 = 4 (carboxylic acid); pKa2 = 9.7 (primary amine) at 25 °C

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -2.2
  • 重原子数:
    9
  • 可旋转键数:
    4
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.5
  • 拓扑面积:
    63.3
  • 氢给体数:
    2
  • 氢受体数:
    3

ADMET

代谢
维加巴林没有被显著代谢。
Vigabatrin is not metabolized to any significant extent.
来源:DrugBank
代谢
维加巴林(Vigabatrin)并未显著代谢...。
Vigabatrin is not significantly metabolized ... .
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
几乎不发生代谢转化。不诱导肝细胞色素P450系统。 消除途径:主要通过肾脏排泄未改变的药物(80%)。 半衰期:新生儿,50 mg/kg = 7.5 ± 2.1小时(由于肾功能降低); 婴儿 = 5.7小时; 成人 = 7.5小时; 老年人 = 12 - 13小时。
Almost no metabolic transformation. Does not induce the hepatic cytochrome P450 system. Route of Elimination: Eliminated primarily through renal excretion as unchanged drugs (80%). Half Life: Neonates, 50 mg/kg = 7.5 ± 2.1 hours (due to reduced renal function); Infants = 5.7 hours; Adults = 7.5 hours; Elderly = 12 - 13 hours
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:vigabatrin是中枢神经系统主要抑制性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的结构类似物。Vigabatrin作为两种对映体的消旋混合物上市;S对映体具有药理活性,而R对映体无效。人体研究:在接受vigabatrin的婴儿、儿童和成人中,已经观察到视野缺损,包括永久性视力丧失。根据成人的临床研究,接受该药物的患者中,约有30%或更多的患者可能出现双侧同心视野狭窄,严重程度从轻度到重度不等。严重病例可能表现为视野缩小至10度以内的管状视野,这可能导致失能。在某些情况下,vigabatrin还可能损害中心视网膜并降低视力。在大多数vigabatrin过量的案例中,描述了昏迷、无意识和/或嗜睡。其他较少报道的症状包括眩晕、精神疾病、呼吸暂停或呼吸抑制、心动过缓、激怒、易怒、混乱、头痛、低血压、异常行为、癫痫活动增加、癫痫持续状态和言语障碍。这些症状在支持性治疗后得到解决。动物研究:当以150 mg/kg/天的剂量通过饮食给予小鼠或大鼠18个月(小鼠)或2年(大鼠)时,vigabatrin未显示出致癌潜力。在器官形成期(第7、8、9、10、11或12天)的一天内,将vigabatrin(300或450 mg/kg)通过腹腔注射给予一种突变小鼠品系。在两个剂量下都观察到了畸形(包括腭裂)的增加。在大鼠中,从器官形成期开始口服vigabatrin(50、100或150 mg/kg)导致胎儿体重下降和胎儿解剖变异发生率增加。在大鼠妊娠后期至断奶期间口服vigabatrin(50、100、150 mg/kg)导致后代出现长期神经组织病理学(海马空泡化)和神经行为(惊厥)异常。在妊娠期间将vigabatrin(口服剂量为50至200 mg/kg)给予家兔,与畸形(腭裂)和胚胎胎儿死亡的发生率增加有关;这些发现是在两个单独的研究中观察到的。在最高150 mg/kg/天的口服剂量下,未观察到对雄性或雌性大鼠生育能力的有害影响。在新生和幼年发育期(出生后第4-65天)将vigabatrin(5、15或50 mg/kg)口服给予年轻大鼠,导致治疗动物出现神经行为(惊厥、神经运动障碍、学习缺陷)和神经组织病理学(脑空泡化、髓鞘减少和视网膜发育不良)异常。在大鼠的早期哺乳期通常被认为与人类大脑发育的晚期妊娠相对应。Vigabatrin在体外(Ames、CHO/HGPRT哺乳动物细胞正向基因突变、大鼠淋巴细胞染色体畸变)和体内(小鼠骨髓微核)实验中均为阴性。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Vigabatrin is a structural analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS. Vigabatrin is commercially available as a racemic mixture of 2 enantiomers; the S enantiomer is pharmacologically active and the R enantiomer is inactive. HUMAN STUDIES: Visual field defects, including permanent vision loss, have been reported in infants, children, and adults receiving vigabatrin. Based on clinical studies in adults, bilateral concentric visual field constriction ranging in severity from mild to severe may occur in 30% or more of patients receiving the drug. Severe cases may be characterized by tunnel vision to within 10 degrees of visual fixation, which can lead to disability. In some cases, vigabatrin can also damage the central retina and decrease visual acuity. Coma, unconsciousness, and/or drowsiness were described in the majority of cases of vigabatrin overdose. Other less commonly reported symptoms included vertigo, psychosis, apnea or respiratory depression, bradycardia, agitation, irritability, confusion, headache, hypotension, abnormal behavior, increased seizure activity, status epilepticus, and speech disorder. These symptoms resolved with supportive care. ANIMAL STUDIES: Vigabatrin showed no carcinogenic potential in mouse or rat when given in the diet at doses up to 150 mg/kg/day for 18 months (mouse) or at doses up to 150 mg/kg/day for 2 years (rat). Vigabatrin (300 or 450 mg/kg) was administered by intraperitoneal injection to a mutant mouse strain on a single day during organogenesis (day 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12). An increase in malformations (including cleft palate) was observed at both doses. In rats, oral administration of vigabatrin (50, 100, or 150 mg/kg) throughout organogenesis resulted in decreased fetal body weights and increased incidences of fetal anatomic variations. Oral administration of vigabatrin (50, 100, 150 mg/kg) to rats from the latter part of pregnancy through weaning produced long-term neurohistopathological (hippocampal vacuolation) and neurobehavioral (convulsions) abnormalities in the offspring. Administration of vigabatrin (oral doses of 50 to 200 mg/kg) to pregnant rabbits throughout the period of organogenesis was associated with an increased incidence of malformations (cleft palate) and embryo-fetal death; these findings were observed in two separate studies. No adverse effects on male or female fertility were observed in rats at oral doses up to 150 mg/kg/day. Oral administration of vigabatrin (5, 15, or 50 mg/kg) to young rats during the neonatal and juvenile periods of development (postnatal days 4-65) produced neurobehavioral (convulsions, neuromotor impairment, learning deficits) and neurohistopathological (brain vacuolation, decreased myelination, and retinal dysplasia) abnormalities in treated animals. The early postnatal period in rats is generally thought to correspond to late pregnancy in humans in terms of brain development. Vigabatrin was negative in in vitro (Ames, CHO/HGPRT mammalian cell forward gene mutation, chromosomal aberration in rat lymphocytes) and in in vivo (mouse bone marrow micronucleus) assays.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
维加巴林通过不可逆地抑制分解γ-氨基丁酸(GABA,一种中枢神经系统中的抑制性神经递质)的酶(γ-氨基丁酸转氨酶,GABA-T)来增加大脑中GABA的浓度。其作用持续时间取决于GABA-T的再合成速度。维加巴林还可能通过抑制电压敏感的钠通道来抑制重复的神经元放电。虽然以消旋混合物的形式给药,但只有S(+)对映体具有药理活性。
Vigabatrin increases brain concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, by irreversibly inhibiting enzymes that catabolize GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, GABA-T). Duration of action is determined by rate of GABA-T re-synthesis. Vigabatrin may also work by suppressing repetitive neuronal firing through inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Although administered as a racemic mixture, only the S(+) enantiomer is pharmacologically active.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 肝毒性
在受控的临床试验中,将维加巴林添加到标准抗惊厥治疗中,据报道可以立即显著降低血清酶水平,这种效果可以通过简单地将维加巴林与血浆混合来重现。在某些情况下,显著升高的血清ALT水平在治疗后迅速降至正常范围。维加巴林抑制GABA转氨酶,因此也被怀疑是丙氨酸和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶的抑制剂,这解释了它对与肝脏相关酶的不寻常影响。在上市前的临床试验中,没有报道在治疗期间出现血清酶升高的情况,也没有出现临床明显的肝损伤。然而,在维加巴林普遍可用之后,有零星的严重肝损伤和与使用维加巴林相关的肝炎的病例报告。损伤的出现是在开始服用维加巴林后3到10个月,并且主要是肝细胞损伤。一例因肝衰竭迅速死亡,另一例在停药后病情恶化,最终需要使用泼尼松和硫唑嘌呤进行免疫抑制治疗(案例1)。因此,维加巴林引起的临床明显肝损伤可能会发生,并且可能会很严重,但这种情况很罕见。
In controlled clinical trials, addition of vigabatrin to standard anticonvulsant therapy was reported to cause an immediate and marked decrease in serum enzyme levels that could be reproduced by simply mixing vigabatrin with plasma. In some instances, markedly raised serum ALT levels were found to rapidly fall into the normal range with treatment. Vigabatrin inhibits GABA transaminase and is thus suspected of also being an inhibitor of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, accounting for its unusual effects on liver associated enzymes. In prelicensure clinical trials, there were no reports of serum enzyme elevations during treatment and no instances of clinically apparent liver injury. After its general availability, however, there have been isolated case reports of severe liver injury and hepatitis associated with vigabatrin use. The onset of injury was 3 to 10 months after starting vigabatrin and was largely hepatocellular. One case resulted in rapid death from liver failure and a second worsened despite stopping and ultimately required a course of immunosuppression with prednisone and azathioprine (Case 1). Thus, clinically apparent liver injury from vigabatrin may occur and can be severe, but is rare.
来源:LiverTox
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
化合物的vigabatrin
Compound:vigabatrin
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
DILI标注:模糊的DILI关注
DILI Annotation:Ambiguous DILI-concern
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
口服给药后吸收基本完全。婴儿(5个月至2岁)的Tmax大约为2.5小时,其他所有年龄组的Tmax为1小时。
Absorption following oral administration is essentially complete. The Tmax is approximately 2.5 hours in infants (5m - 2y) and 1 hour in all other age groups.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 消除途径
大约95%的药物在给药后72小时内通过尿液排出,其中约80%为未改变的母药。
Approximately 95% of the drug is eliminated in the urine within 72 hours of administration, of which ~80% is unchanged parent drug.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 分布容积
Vigabatrin 在体内广泛分布,平均稳态分布体积为 1.1 L/kg。
Vigabatrin is widely distributed throughout the body with a mean steady-state volume of distribution of 1.1 L/kg.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 清除
vigabatrin的口服清除率在婴儿(5个月至2岁)中为2.4L/h,在儿童(3岁至9岁)中为5.1L/h,在青少年(10岁至16岁)中为5.8L/h,在成人中为7L/h。
The oral clearance of vigabatrin is 2.4 L/h for infants (5m - 2y), 5.1 L/h for children (3y - 9y), 5.8 L/h for adolescents (10y - 16y), and 7 L/h for adults.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
各种组织中药物转运蛋白,如肠道、肾脏、肝脏和大脑,被认为是药物物质吸收、分布、代谢和排泄的重要介质。本综述介绍了抗癫痫药物物质维加巴特林在吸收、分布、代谢和排泄方面的转运蛋白。对于口服给药的药物,如维加巴特林,从肠道的吸收是生物利用度的先决条件。因此,详细讨论了在体内外参与维加巴特林肠道吸收的转运蛋白。特别关注质子偶联氨基酸转运蛋白1 (PAT1)对肠道维加巴特林吸收的贡献。此外,综述还介绍了维加巴特林在不同物种中的药代动力学参数以及涉及维加巴特林的药物-食物和药物-药物相互作用。
Drug transporters in various tissues, such as intestine, kidney, liver and brain, are recognized as important mediators of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drug substances. This review gives a current status on the transporter(s) mediating the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion properties of the anti-epileptic drug substance vigabatrin. For orally administered drugs, like vigabatrin, the absorption from the intestine is a prerequisite for the bioavailability. Therefore, transporter(s) involved in the intestinal absorption of vigabatrin in vitro and in vivo are discussed in detail. Special focus is on the contribution of the proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1) for intestinal vigabatrin absorption. Furthermore, the review gives an overview of the pharmacokinetic parameters of vigabatrin across different species and drug-food and drug-drug interactions involving vigabatrin.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • WGK Germany:
    1
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P261,P305+P351+P338
  • 危险性描述:
    H315,H319,H335
  • 储存条件:
    2-8℃

制备方法与用途

生物活性

Vigabatrin(γ-乙酰基-GABA),是一种抑制性神经递质GABA的乙烯基衍生物,是一种具有口服活性且不可逆的GABA转氨酶抑制剂。Vigabatrin 是一种抗癫痫剂,通过抑制GABA转氨酶对GABA的分解代谢来增加脑中GABA的水平。

体外研究

系统性(i.p.)给予高剂量(600或1200 mg/kg)的Vigabatrin后,观察到显著提高癫痫发作阈值。将10 μg Vigabatrin 比较两侧黑质(SNr)前部和后部微注射也能增加癫痫发作阈值,但效果不如系统性治疗明显。将药物局部递送到中缝核(STN)则比在SNr或全身给予Vigabatrin更能显著提高癫痫发作阈值。

体内研究

Vigabatrin 在Caco-2和MDCK细胞中抑制牛磺酸的摄取,浓度分别为30 mM时分别降至34%和53%。在中性pH条件下,Caco-2细胞中的Vigabatrin 摄取与浓度依赖性和饱和性相关,Km值为27 mM。此外,Vigabatrin 能够抑制肠和肾细胞模型中的牛磺酸摄取。

上下游信息

  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    4-氨基-5-己烯酸 以95%的产率得到5-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮
    参考文献:
    名称:
    4-氨基-5-氟-5-己烯酸灭活γ-氨基丁酸氨基转移酶的机制
    摘要:
    4-氨基-5-氟-5-己烯酸 (2) 的单氟化类似物使依赖于吡哆醛 5'-磷酸 (PLP) 的猪脑 γ-氨基丁酸 (GABA) 氨基转移酶失活的机制研究描述了抗惊厥药氨己烯酸。[3H]PLP 重组 GABA 氨基转移酶与 2 失活,然后变性释放两种形式的辅酶,一种为 PLP,另一种为比例为 7:3 的修饰形式。所有酶活性在失活 2 倍时丧失,但在与 PLP 温育时恢复约 30% 的活性,这与 30% 的修饰形式的辅酶的形成和释放一致,如上所述。用 [2-3H]-2 灭活 GABA 氨基转移酶,然后进行凝胶过滤,导致 0.7 当量的氚附着在酶上,即使发生了完全失活。这也与上述结果一致,大约 30% 的失活是由于修饰的辅酶释放的结果,剩下 30% 的酶...
    DOI:
    10.1021/ja9527885
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    2-氧代-5-乙烯基吡咯烷-3-羧酰胺盐酸溶剂黄146 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 反应 8.0h, 生成 4-氨基-5-己烯酸
    参考文献:
    名称:
    一种氨己烯酸的制备方法
    摘要:
    本申请公开了一种氨己烯酸的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:以丙二酸二乙酯和1,4‑二氯‑2‑丁烯为原料制备2‑乙烯基环丙烷‑1,1‑二羧酸二乙酯;将2‑乙烯基环丙烷‑1,1‑二羧酸二乙酯在氨和甲酰胺的存在下反应制备2‑羰基‑5‑乙烯基‑吡咯烷‑3‑酰胺;将2‑羰基‑5‑乙烯基‑吡咯烷‑3‑酰胺在酸性条件下制备4‑氨基‑5‑己烯酸粗品;将4‑氨基‑5‑己烯酸与三异丙基氯硅烷在三乙胺和氨的存在下制备三异丙基硅基4‑氨基己‑5‑烯酸酯;将三异丙基硅基4‑氨基己‑5‑烯酸酯在氯仿/甲醇中重结晶得到三异丙基硅基4‑氨基己‑5‑烯酸酯纯化物;其中氯仿甲醇体积比为1:7;将三异丙基硅基4‑氨基己‑5‑烯酸酯纯化物在碱性条件下水解得到氨己烯酸。
    公开号:
    CN110713440B
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    5-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮盐酸三氟乙酸4-氨基-5-己烯酸 作用下, 以produces a yield of 4-amino-5-hexenoic acid of 57-67%的产率得到4-氨基-5-己烯酸
    参考文献:
    名称:
    US06090979
    摘要:
    公开号:
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文献信息

  • [EN] PROCESSES USEFUL FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF (R)-1-{2-[4'-(3-METHOXYPROPANE-1-SULFONYL)-BIPHENYL-4-YL]-ETHYL}-2-METHYL-PYRROLIDINE<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉS UTILES POUR LA SYNTHÈSE DE LA (R)-1-{2-[4'-(3-MÉTHOXYPROPANE-1-SULFONYL)-BIPHÉNYL-4-YL]-ÉTHYL}-2-MÉTHYL-PYRROLIDINE
    申请人:ARENA PHARM INC
    公开号:WO2009128907A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-10-22
    Processes useful for making a pharmaceutically useful compound according to Formula (I), forms of such a compound, and intermediates useful in such processes are described.
    根据公式(I)制备药用化合物的有用过程,以及该化合物的形式和在这些过程中有用的中间体被描述。
  • [EN] INDANE DERIVATIVES AS MGLUR7 MODULATORS<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'INDANE UTILISÉS COMME MODULATEURS DE MGLUR7
    申请人:TAKEDA PHARMACEUTICALS CO
    公开号:WO2017131221A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-08-03
    The present invention provides compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4a and R4b are as defined in the specification, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy. The compounds of formula (I) are mGluR7 modulators.
    本发明提供了式(I)的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐,其中R1、R2、R3、R4a和R4b如规范中定义,其制备方法,含有它们的药物组合物以及它们在治疗中的用途。式(I)的化合物是mGluR7调节剂。
  • Prodrugs of GABA analogs, compositions and uses thereof
    申请人:Gallop A. Mark
    公开号:US20060229361A1
    公开(公告)日:2006-10-12
    The present invention provides prodrugs of GABA analogs, pharmaceutical compositions of prodrugs of GABA analogs and methods for making prodrugs of GABA analogs. The present invention also provides methods for using prodrugs of GABA analogs and methods for using pharmaceutical compositions of prodrugs of GABA analogs for treating or preventing common diseases and/or disorders.
    本发明提供了GABA类似物的前药,GABA类似物前药的药物组合物以及制备GABA类似物前药的方法。本发明还提供了使用GABA类似物前药的方法以及使用GABA类似物前药的药物组合物治疗或预防常见疾病和/或疾病的方法。
  • [EN] ORGANIC COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ORGANIQUES
    申请人:INTRA CELLULAR THERAPIES INC
    公开号:WO2014145192A1
    公开(公告)日:2014-09-18
    The invention relates to particular substituted heterocycle fused gamma-carbolines, their prodrugs, in free, pharmaceutically acceptable salt and/or substantially pure form as described herein, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use in the treatment of diseases involving 5-HT2A receptor, serotonin transporter (SERT) and/or pathways involving dopamine D2 receptor signaling systems.
    该发明涉及特定的取代杂环融合的γ-咖啡碱,其前药,以自由的、药学上可接受的盐和/或基本纯净形式描述,以及其药物组合物,以及在治疗涉及5-HT2A受体、5-羟色胺转运体(SERT)和/或涉及多巴胺D2受体信号系统的疾病中的使用方法。
  • [EN] A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF VIGABATRIN<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION DE VIGABATRINE
    申请人:AUROBINDO PHARMA LTD
    公开号:WO2019180547A1
    公开(公告)日:2019-09-26
    The present invention provides a process for the preparation of vigabatrin of formula (I) comprising of dissolving vigabatrin in water, optionally treating with charcoal, filtering and adding an acid to the reaction mass followed by the addition of an organic solvent and then isolating vigabatrin of formula (I) with high purity.
    本发明提供了一种制备式(I)vigabatrin的方法,包括将vigabatrin溶解在水中,可选地用活性炭处理,过滤并在反应物中添加酸,然后加入有机溶剂,最后以高纯度分离出式(I)的vigabatrin。
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