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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 抑制剂

    抑制剂

    抑制剂简介

    抑制剂是一类能够降低或阻止生物体内的酶活性、受体的活性或是细胞内特定反应过程的小分子化合物。它们在有机化学、化学化工和生物医药领域中有着广泛的应用，尤其是在药物研发方面。

    分类与作用机制

    1. 竞争性抑制剂：这类抑制剂通过与其目标蛋白质（如酶）结合，占据其底物结合位点，从而阻止真正的底物与蛋白质的正常结合。这种类型的抑制通常可以通过增加底物浓度来缓解。
    2. 非竞争性抑制剂：非竞争性抑制剂通过改变蛋白质的功能状态或结构，而不直接与其活性部位相结合。它们可能会影响蛋白质的构象变化或者与其他位点相互作用。
    3. 不可逆抑制剂：这类抑制剂与酶或其他生物分子形成共价键，导致其永久失去功能。由于这种特性，此类抑制剂通常用于实验室研究中。

    应用领域

    1. 药物开发：在生物医药领域，抑制剂被广泛用作潜在的治疗药物，用于对抗各种疾病如癌症、病毒感染等。
    2. 酶学研究：有机化学和生物化学研究经常使用特定类型的抑制剂来探究酶的功能和作用机理。
    3. 合成与催化：化学化工中，通过调节反应条件或引入适当的抑制剂可以提高某些目标产物的选择性。

    总结

    抑制剂的研究和发展对于理解生命过程至关重要，并在药物开发、基础科学研究等多个领域发挥着重要作用。随着技术的进步，新的抑制剂不断被发现和开发出来，为医学治疗提供了更多的可能性。

    下级分类

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— DM4 796073-69-3 C38H54ClN3O10S
    DM4
    —— Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol(17b)-, 17-cyclopentanepropanoate 313-06-4 C26H36O3
    Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol(17b)-, 17-cyclopentanepropanoate
    —— FSRYAR 725715-18-4 C36H54N12O9
    FSRYAR
    —— chimmitecan 185425-25-6 C23H20N2O5
    chimmitecan
    —— N-(2-(4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-1,1-dimethylethyl)methanesulfonamide 642473-62-9 C18H25N5O3S
    N-(2-(4-amino-2-(ethoxymethyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)-1,1-dimethylethyl)methanesulfonamide
    —— Pictilisib dimesylate 957054-33-0 2CH4O3S*C23H27N7O3S2
    Pictilisib dimesylate
    —— N-((4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-fluoroaniline hydrochloride 1352610-25-3 C22H18FN7*ClH
    N-((4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-2-fluoroaniline hydrochloride
    —— O,O'-Diisobutyroyl-thiamindisulfid 3286-46-2 C32H46N8O6S2
    O,O'-Diisobutyroyl-thiamindisulfid
    —— lefamulin acetate 1350636-82-6 C2H4O2*C28H45NO5S
    lefamulin acetate
    —— benidipine hydrochloride 91599-74-5 C28H31N3O6*ClH
    benidipine hydrochloride
    —— bromfenac sodium 91714-93-1 C15H11BrNO3*Na
    bromfenac sodium
    —— 4-(tert-butylsulfonylamino)-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]cyclohexane-1-carboxamide 342577-38-2 C17H24F3N3O3S
    4-(tert-butylsulfonylamino)-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]cyclohexane-1-carboxamide
    —— (1r,4r)-4-((2-carbamoyl-5-(6,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-1-yl)phenyl)amino)cyclohexyl 2-aminoacetate 908115-27-5 C25H30F3N5O4
    (1r,4r)-4-((2-carbamoyl-5-(6,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-1-yl)phenyl)amino)cyclohexyl 2-aminoacetate
    —— E7016 902128-92-1 C20H19N3O3
    E7016
    —— cis-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)cyclohexanepropanoic acid 471905-41-6 C21H21ClF2O4S
    cis-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)cyclohexanepropanoic acid
    —— histamine dichloride 56-92-8 C5H11N3*2Cl
    histamine dichloride
    —— (2E)-3-phenyl-N-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-[[(8-quinolylamino)thiomethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-acrylamide 405060-95-9 C21H17Cl3N4OS
    (2E)-3-phenyl-N-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-[[(8-quinolylamino)thiomethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-acrylamide
    —— romidepsin 128517-07-7 C24H36N4O6S2
    romidepsin
    —— [7-[cis-3-[(Azetidin-1-yl)methyl]cyclobutyl]-5-(3-benzyloxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]amine 475489-16-8 C27H29N5O
    [7-[cis-3-[(Azetidin-1-yl)methyl]cyclobutyl]-5-(3-benzyloxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]amine
    —— 2-[4-[4-(4-amino-5-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrimido[5,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-6-yl)phenyl]cyclohexyl]acetic acid 1109276-89-2 C21H24N4O4
    2-[4-[4-(4-amino-5-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrimido[5,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-6-yl)phenyl]cyclohexyl]acetic acid
    —— (+)-Dimethindene 121367-05-3 C20H24N2
    (+)-Dimethindene
    —— AM211 1175526-27-8 C27H27F3N2O4
    AM211
    —— Azilsartan medoxomil 863031-21-4 C30H24N4O8
    Azilsartan medoxomil
    —— Cilomilast 153259-65-5 C20H25NO4
    Cilomilast
    —— cilomilast 153259-65-5 C20H25NO4
    cilomilast
    —— 1,1'-[1,4-phenylene-bis(methylene)]-bis(1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclotetradecane) octahydrochloride 155148-31-5 C28H54N8*8ClH
    1,1'-[1,4-phenylene-bis(methylene)]-bis(1,4,8,11-tetra-azacyclotetradecane) octahydrochloride
    —— cyclosporin A 59865-13-3 C62H111N11O12
    cyclosporin A
    —— cyclosporine A 59865-13-3 C62H111N11O12
    cyclosporine A
    —— (2S,4S,5S,7S)-N-(2-carbamoyl-2-methylpropyl)-5-amino-4-hydroxy-2,7-diisopropyl-8-[4-methoxy-3-(3-methoxypropoxy)phenyl]octanamide hemifumarate 173334-58-2 C4H4O4*2C30H53N3O6
    (2S,4S,5S,7S)-N-(2-carbamoyl-2-methylpropyl)-5-amino-4-hydroxy-2,7-diisopropyl-8-[4-methoxy-3-(3-methoxypropoxy)phenyl]octanamide hemifumarate
    —— 2-(4-(2-(7,8-dimethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-1-yl)acetamide 2171019-55-7 C26H32N6O
    2-(4-(2-(7,8-dimethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-1-yl)acetamide
    —— fluzoparib 1358715-18-0 C22H16F4N6O2
    fluzoparib
    —— N-(6-(4-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)butyl)pyridazin-3-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)acetamide 1439399-45-7 C19H19F3N6O2S
    N-(6-(4-(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)butyl)pyridazin-3-yl)-2-(3-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)acetamide
    —— reboxetine mesylate 98769-84-7 CH4O3S*C19H23NO3
    reboxetine mesylate
    —— nebivolol hydrochloride 152520-56-4 C22H25F2NO4*ClH
    nebivolol hydrochloride
    —— N-benzoylstaurosporine 120685-11-2 C35H30N4O4
    N-benzoylstaurosporine
    —— 4'-N-benzoyl staurosprine 120685-11-2 C35H30N4O4
    4'-N-benzoyl staurosprine
    —— 2-cyano-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide 134036-52-5 C18H16N2O3
    2-cyano-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
    —— [4-(Cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl)-14-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]-2,15-dioxo-3,16-diazatricyclo[14.3.0.04,6]nonadec-7-en-18-yl] 4-fluoro-1,3-dihydroisoindole-2-carboxylate 850876-88-9 C35H46FN5O9S
    [4-(Cyclopropylsulfonylcarbamoyl)-14-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]-2,15-dioxo-3,16-diazatricyclo[14.3.0.04,6]nonadec-7-en-18-yl] 4-fluoro-1,3-dihydroisoindole-2-carboxylate
    —— [6-[[12-[3,4-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-5-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-11-ethyl-8-hydroxy-18-(1-hydroxyethyl)-9,13,15-trimethyl-2-oxo-1-oxacyclooctadeca-3,5,9,13,15-pentaen-3-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 3,5-dichloro-2-ethyl-4,6-dihydroxybenzoate 873857-62-6 C52H74Cl2O18
    [6-[[12-[3,4-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-5-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)oxan-2-yl]oxy-11-ethyl-8-hydroxy-18-(1-hydroxyethyl)-9,13,15-trimethyl-2-oxo-1-oxacyclooctadeca-3,5,9,13,15-pentaen-3-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl] 3,5-dichloro-2-ethyl-4,6-dihydroxybenzoate
    —— N-(7,21-Dihydroxy-6,20-dimethyl-2,5,8,15,19,22-hexaoxo-17-propan-2-yl-18-oxa-1,4,7,13,14,21,27-heptazatricyclo[21.4.0.09,14]heptacosan-16-yl)-2-hydroxy-2-[2-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-(2-methylbutyl)oxan-2-yl]propanamide 125228-51-5 C38H64N8O13
    N-(7,21-Dihydroxy-6,20-dimethyl-2,5,8,15,19,22-hexaoxo-17-propan-2-yl-18-oxa-1,4,7,13,14,21,27-heptazatricyclo[21.4.0.09,14]heptacosan-16-yl)-2-hydroxy-2-[2-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-(2-methylbutyl)oxan-2-yl]propanamide
    —— 6,9-Difluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 2135-17-3 C22H28F2O5
    6,9-Difluoro-11,17,21-trihydroxy-16-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
    —— N-[25-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ylsulfanylmethyl)-3-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methyl]-12-ethyl-4,16-dimethyl-2,5,11,14,18,21,24-heptaoxo-19-phenyl-17-oxa-1,4,10,13,20-pentazatricyclo[20.4.0.06,10]hexacosan-15-yl]-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxamide 120138-50-3 C53H67N9O10S
    N-[25-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-ylsulfanylmethyl)-3-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methyl]-12-ethyl-4,16-dimethyl-2,5,11,14,18,21,24-heptaoxo-19-phenyl-17-oxa-1,4,10,13,20-pentazatricyclo[20.4.0.06,10]hexacosan-15-yl]-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxamide
    —— Methyl 11-cyano-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10,14-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,14a,14b-decahydropicene-4a-carboxylate 218600-53-4 C32H43NO4
    Methyl 11-cyano-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10,14-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,14a,14b-decahydropicene-4a-carboxylate
    —— N<sup>2'</sup>-deacetyl-N-<sup>2’</sup>(N-methylalanyl)maytansine 35846-53-8 C34H46ClN3O10
    N<sup>2'</sup>-deacetyl-N-<sup>2’</sup>(N-methylalanyl)maytansine
    —— 7-[2-(1,1-Difluoropentyl)-2-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,4,4a,5,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[b]pyran-5-yl]heptanoic acid 136790-76-6 C20H32F2O5
    7-[2-(1,1-Difluoropentyl)-2-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,4,4a,5,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[b]pyran-5-yl]heptanoic acid
    —— GSKJ4 1373423-53-0 C24H27N5O2
    GSKJ4
    —— 17β-<3-Cyclopentyl-propionyloxy>-Δ<sup>1,3,5(10)</sup>-oestratrienol-(3) 313-06-4 C26H36O3
    17β-<3-Cyclopentyl-propionyloxy>-Δ<sup>1,3,5(10)</sup>-oestratrienol-(3)
    —— ethyl 2-amino-6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate 65673-63-4 C17H17BrN2O5
    ethyl 2-amino-6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate
    —— 4-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.02,7.010,15]hexadeca-10,12,14-triene-3,6-dione 58735-64-1 C22H23N5O2
    4-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethylidene)-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,5,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.02,7.010,15]hexadeca-10,12,14-triene-3,6-dione
    —— 3ξ-hydroxy-(5ξ)-androstan-17-one 53-41-8 C19H30O2
    3ξ-hydroxy-(5ξ)-androstan-17-one