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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 抑制剂

    抑制剂

    抑制剂简介

    抑制剂是一类能够降低或阻止生物体内的酶活性、受体的活性或是细胞内特定反应过程的小分子化合物。它们在有机化学、化学化工和生物医药领域中有着广泛的应用，尤其是在药物研发方面。

    分类与作用机制

    1. 竞争性抑制剂：这类抑制剂通过与其目标蛋白质（如酶）结合，占据其底物结合位点，从而阻止真正的底物与蛋白质的正常结合。这种类型的抑制通常可以通过增加底物浓度来缓解。
    2. 非竞争性抑制剂：非竞争性抑制剂通过改变蛋白质的功能状态或结构，而不直接与其活性部位相结合。它们可能会影响蛋白质的构象变化或者与其他位点相互作用。
    3. 不可逆抑制剂：这类抑制剂与酶或其他生物分子形成共价键，导致其永久失去功能。由于这种特性，此类抑制剂通常用于实验室研究中。

    应用领域

    1. 药物开发：在生物医药领域，抑制剂被广泛用作潜在的治疗药物，用于对抗各种疾病如癌症、病毒感染等。
    2. 酶学研究：有机化学和生物化学研究经常使用特定类型的抑制剂来探究酶的功能和作用机理。
    3. 合成与催化：化学化工中，通过调节反应条件或引入适当的抑制剂可以提高某些目标产物的选择性。

    总结

    抑制剂的研究和发展对于理解生命过程至关重要，并在药物开发、基础科学研究等多个领域发挥着重要作用。随着技术的进步，新的抑制剂不断被发现和开发出来，为医学治疗提供了更多的可能性。

    下级分类

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— ANTROQUINONOL 1010081-09-0 C24H38O4
    ANTROQUINONOL
    —— (2S,3R)-N-(4-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-3-(5-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)butane-2-sulfonamide 2049980-18-7 C25H29N7O4S
    (2S,3R)-N-(4-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-3-(5-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)butane-2-sulfonamide
    —— BRL 15572 hydrochloride 193611-72-2 C25H28Cl2N2O
    BRL 15572 hydrochloride
    —— Ifenprodil hemitartrate 23210-58-4 C46H60N2O10
    Ifenprodil hemitartrate
    —— (1R,2S,5S)-3-((S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3,3-dimethylbutyryl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2-carboxylic acid 394735-37-6 C19H32N2O5
    (1R,2S,5S)-3-((S)-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3,3-dimethylbutyryl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— (-)-N-[4-(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)-5-(2-ethylaminoethanesulfonylaminomethyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanamide 546111-97-1 C23H37N5O4S2
    (-)-N-[4-(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)-5-(2-ethylaminoethanesulfonylaminomethyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropanamide
    —— 2-[[(3-chloro-4-morpholino-pyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl]-5-methoxy-(1H)-benzimidazole 103949-62-8 C18H19ClN4O3S
    2-[[(3-chloro-4-morpholino-pyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl]-5-methoxy-(1H)-benzimidazole
    —— N-((S)-1-(((S)-1-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-1-oxo-3-((S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl)-4-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxamide 1471484-62-4 C30H33N5O5S
    N-((S)-1-(((S)-1-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-1-oxo-3-((S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)propan-2-yl)amino)-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl)-4-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxamide
    —— glycyl-L-arginyl-glycyl-L-aspartyl-L-seryl-L-proline 91037-75-1 C22H37N9O10
    glycyl-L-arginyl-glycyl-L-aspartyl-L-seryl-L-proline
    —— 2-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-N-{4-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-6-[(7S,9aS)-7-(hydroxylmethyl)hexahydropyrazino[2,1-c][1,4]oxazin-8(1H)-yl]-3-pyridinyl}-N,2-dimethylpropanamide 929046-33-3 C33H35F7N4O3
    2-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-N-{4-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-6-[(7S,9aS)-7-(hydroxylmethyl)hexahydropyrazino[2,1-c][1,4]oxazin-8(1H)-yl]-3-pyridinyl}-N,2-dimethylpropanamide
    —— (6S,9aS)-N-benzyl-8-((6-(3-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-((2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)-4,7-dioxo-2-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-octahydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-1-carboxamide 1799824-08-0 C39H48FN9O4
    (6S,9aS)-N-benzyl-8-((6-(3-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-6-((2-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)-4,7-dioxo-2-(prop-2-en-1-yl)-octahydro-1H-pyrazino[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazine-1-carboxamide
    —— OTS514 1338540-63-8 C21H20N2O2S
    OTS514
    —— PF-9366 72882-78-1 C20H19ClN4
    PF-9366
    —— 1-(4-pyridinyl)-3-(2-quinolinyl)-2-propen-1-one 4382-63-2 C17H12N2O
    1-(4-pyridinyl)-3-(2-quinolinyl)-2-propen-1-one
    —— 1-(3-((3-((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-2-oxoindolin-6-yl)amino)-4-methylphenyl)-3-(2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea 1033769-28-6 C28H21F4N5O2
    1-(3-((3-((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-2-oxoindolin-6-yl)amino)-4-methylphenyl)-3-(2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea
    —— trans-1-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-[4-(5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yloxy)cyclohexyl]urea 1394011-91-6 C20H18ClF6N3O2
    trans-1-(4-chloro-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-[4-(5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yloxy)cyclohexyl]urea
    —— [3-(1-Benzyl-3-carbamoylmethyl-2-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-propyl]-phosphonic acid 164083-84-5 C22H27N2O5P
    [3-(1-Benzyl-3-carbamoylmethyl-2-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-propyl]-phosphonic acid
    —— PF-04928473 908112-43-6 C23H27F3N4O3
    PF-04928473
    —— WEHI-345 (analog) 1354825-62-9 C23H25N7O
    WEHI-345 (analog)
    —— 5-bromo-N-(2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide 439144-66-8 C15H8BrF6NO2
    5-bromo-N-(2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide
    —— (S)-5-((1-(6-chloro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carbonitrile 1887014-12-1 C18H15ClN4O2
    (S)-5-((1-(6-chloro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carbonitrile
    —— (R)-3-(2-(trans-4-(2-aminoethylamino)cyclohexyl)acetamido)-2-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2]oxaborinine-8-carboxylic acid 1613267-49-4 C19H28BN3O5
    (R)-3-(2-(trans-4-(2-aminoethylamino)cyclohexyl)acetamido)-2-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2]oxaborinine-8-carboxylic acid
    —— 7-benzyl-4,7-diazaspiro[2.5]octane-5,8-dione 1222106-43-5 C13H14N2O2
    7-benzyl-4,7-diazaspiro[2.5]octane-5,8-dione
    —— furimazine 1374040-24-0 C24H19N3O2
    furimazine
    —— 2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydrothiopyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one 284028-89-3 C14H11F3N2OS
    2-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydrothiopyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one
    —— N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-[[5-(4-ethylphenyl)-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]acetamide 1001478-90-5 C20H22N4OS
    N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-[[5-(4-ethylphenyl)-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]acetamide
    —— AZD1390 2089288-03-7 C27H32FN5O2
    AZD1390
    —— N-({2-[4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-isopropoxyphenyl]oxazol-4-yl}methyl)-2-ethoxybenzamide 937782-05-3 C23H24F2N2O5
    N-({2-[4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-isopropoxyphenyl]oxazol-4-yl}methyl)-2-ethoxybenzamide
    —— 2-((1-((3',6'-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9<sup>,</sup>-xanthen]-5-yl)amino)-1-thioxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-2-azahenicosan-21-yl)amino)-4-(3,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-1-yl)benzamide 1562024-11-6 C52H60N6O12S
    2-((1-((3',6'-dihydroxy-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9<sup>,</sup>-xanthen]-5-yl)amino)-1-thioxo-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxa-2-azahenicosan-21-yl)amino)-4-(3,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indazol-1-yl)benzamide
    —— (1H-indol-3-yl)(3-noradamantyl)methanone 1097119-35-1 C19H21NO
    (1H-indol-3-yl)(3-noradamantyl)methanone
    —— methyl 4-(6-(4-(3-(4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)ureido)phenyl)-4-morpholino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate 1062172-60-4 C30H34N8O5
    methyl 4-(6-(4-(3-(4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)ureido)phenyl)-4-morpholino-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate
    —— 3-(3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-5-iodo-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one 220904-83-6 C15H8Br2INO2
    3-(3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-5-iodo-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one
    —— ML130 799264-47-4 C14H13N3O2S
    ML130
    —— 5-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione 51244-45-2 C10H5Cl2NO2S
    5-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione
    —— 2'-cyclohexylamino-6-piperazin-1-yl[2,4']bipyridinyl-4-carboxylic acid amide 1201673-28-0 C21H28N6O
    2'-cyclohexylamino-6-piperazin-1-yl[2,4']bipyridinyl-4-carboxylic acid amide
    —— 4-(2-(2-ethoxyphenyl)hydrazono)-3-methyl-1-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one 331244-89-4 C21H19N5O2S
    4-(2-(2-ethoxyphenyl)hydrazono)-3-methyl-1-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one
    —— R-Azasetron besylate 2025360-91-0 C23H26ClN3O6S
    R-Azasetron besylate
    —— Motesanib diphosphate 857876-30-3 C22H29N5O9P2
    Motesanib diphosphate
    —— fagaronine 52259-64-0 C21H20NO4*Cl
    fagaronine
    —— 3-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclopropyl)-8-cyclopropyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine 1610952-07-2 C18H16ClN3
    3-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclopropyl)-8-cyclopropyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine
    —— Cyclosporine A 59865-13-3 C62H111N11O12
    Cyclosporine A
    —— (3S,6R,9R,12R,15R,18S,24S,30S,33R)-30-ethyl-33-[(E,1S)-1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl]-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonamethyl-6,9,18,24-tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)-3,21-di(propan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecazacyclotritriacontane-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32-undecone 59865-13-3 C62H111N11O12
    (3S,6R,9R,12R,15R,18S,24S,30S,33R)-30-ethyl-33-[(E,1S)-1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl]-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonamethyl-6,9,18,24-tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)-3,21-di(propan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecazacyclotritriacontane-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32-undecone
    —— [(13S)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] 3-cyclopentylpropanoate 313-06-4 C26H36O3
    [(13S)-3-hydroxy-13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] 3-cyclopentylpropanoate
    —— NVP-BSK805 1092499-93-8 C27H28F2N6O
    NVP-BSK805
    —— methyl (4aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,12aR,14bR)-11-cyano-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10,14-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,14a,14b-decahydropicene-4a-carboxylate 218600-53-4 C32H43NO4
    methyl (4aR,6aS,6bR,8aS,12aR,14bR)-11-cyano-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-10,14-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,14a,14b-decahydropicene-4a-carboxylate
    —— (1R,9S,12S,13S,14S,17R,18Z,21S,23S,24R,25S,27R)-12-[(E)-1-[(1R,3R,4S)-4-chloro-3-methoxycyclohexyl]prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-ethyl-1,14-dihydroxy-23,25-dimethoxy-13,19,21,27-tetramethyl-11,28-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[22.3.1.04,9]octacos-18-ene-2,3,10,16-tetrone 137071-32-0 C43H68ClNO11
    (1R,9S,12S,13S,14S,17R,18Z,21S,23S,24R,25S,27R)-12-[(E)-1-[(1R,3R,4S)-4-chloro-3-methoxycyclohexyl]prop-1-en-2-yl]-17-ethyl-1,14-dihydroxy-23,25-dimethoxy-13,19,21,27-tetramethyl-11,28-dioxa-4-azatricyclo[22.3.1.04,9]octacos-18-ene-2,3,10,16-tetrone
    —— 4-(Phenylmethyl)-1-piperazineacetic Acid 2-[[2-Hydroxy-3-(2-propen-1-yl)phenyl] 315183-21-2 C23H28N4O2
    4-(Phenylmethyl)-1-piperazineacetic Acid 2-[[2-Hydroxy-3-(2-propen-1-yl)phenyl]
    —— K252a 97161-97-2 C27H21N3O5
    K252a
    —— tacrolimus 104987-11-3 C44H69NO12
    tacrolimus
    —— 8-ethyl-5-phenyl-6-7-8-9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo-[3,2-h]-isoquinoline-2,3-dione-3-oxim 309711-59-9 C19H19N3O2
    8-ethyl-5-phenyl-6-7-8-9-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo-[3,2-h]-isoquinoline-2,3-dione-3-oxim