生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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苯磺酸贝托司汀 | Bepotastine besilate | 190786-44-8 | C6H6O3S*C21H25ClN2O3 |
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苯甲酸乙烯酯聚3A,4,7,7A-四氢-4,7-亚甲基-1-氢-茚 | Ethenyl acetate;tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]deca-3,8-diene | 53640-62-3 | C14H18O2 |
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苯甲基苯胺 | N-Benzylaniline | 103-32-2 | C13H13N |
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苯甲地那铵 | denatonium benzoate | 3734-33-6 | C7H5O2*C21H29N2O |
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苯并恶唑胺 | zoxazolamine | 61-80-3 | C7H5ClN2O |
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苯基-2,4,6-三-O-乙酰基-3-O-烯丙基-1-硫代-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | Phenyl 2,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-1-thio-beta-D-glucopyranoside | 197005-22-4 | C21H26O8S |
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苏丹红7B | Sudan Red 7B | 6368-72-5 | C24H21N5 |
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苏丹橙G | 4-(phenylazo)-1,3-benzenediol | 2051-85-6 | C12H10N2O2 |
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苄氧基试卤灵 | 7-benzyloxyresorufin | 87687-02-3 | C19H13NO3 |
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苄基三甲基二氯碘酸铵 | Benzyltrimethylammonium dichloroiodate | 114971-52-7 | C10H16Cl2IN |
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苄基 2-乙酰氨基-3,4,6-三-O-苄基-2-脱氧-alpha-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-acetamido-2-desoxy-α-benzyl-D-glucopyranoside | 38416-56-7 | C36H39NO6 |
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芴甲氧羰基双酚A基 | Fmoc-4-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine | 117666-96-3 | C31H25NO5 |
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芴甲氧羰基-PEG4-羧酸 | Fmoc-15-amino-4,7,10,13- tetraoxapentadecanoic acid | 557756-85-1 | C26H33NO8 |
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芴甲氧羰基-L-酪氨酸-叔丁酯 | Fmoc-L-Tyr-OtBu | 133852-23-0 | C28H29NO5 |
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芴甲氧羰基-6-氯D-色氨酸 | Fmoc-D-6Cl-Trp | 925916-73-0 | C26H21ClN2O4 |
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芴甲氧羰基-2-硝基-L-苯丙氨酸 | (S)-2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonylamino)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)propanoic acid | 210282-30-7 | C24H20N2O6 |
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芴甲氧羰基-(+/-)-顺式-3-氨基环己烷-1-羧酸 | (1S,3R)-3-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid | 312965-05-2 | C22H23NO4 |
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花青素CYANINE7染料,SULFO-CY7COOH | Cy7-COOH | 943298-08-6 | C35H42N2O8S2 |
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花青 | quinoline blue | 523-42-2 | C29H35N2*I |
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芬迪烷盐酸盐 | Fendiline hydrochloride | 13636-18-5 | C23H25N*ClH |
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芬氏唐松草定碱 | berberrubine | 18207-71-1 | C19H16NO4 |
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芜地溴铵 | Umeclidinium bromide | 869113-09-7 | Br*C29H34NO2 |
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艾维替尼 | avitinib | 1557267-42-1 | C26H26FN7O2 |
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艾沙康唑 | Isavuconazole | 241479-67-4 | C22H17F2N5OS |
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艾替班特乙酸盐 | Icatibant Acetate | 138614-30-9 | C61H93N19O15S |
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艾地骨化醇 | Eldecalcitol | 104121-92-8 | C30H50O5 |
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艾卡哚司他 | epacadostat | 1204669-58-8 | C11H13BrFN7O4S |
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艾乐替尼盐酸盐 | alectinib hydrochloride | 1256589-74-8 | C30H34N4O2*ClH |
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色氨酰-色氨酸 | Trp-Trp | 20696-60-0 | C22H22N4O3 |
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舒夫戈利 | N-(4-(5-((benzyl(methyl)amino)methyl)-1-(2,6-difluorobenzyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-3-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)-N'-methoxyurea | 308831-61-0 | C36H31F2N5O4S |
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腔肠素-H | 2,8-dibenzyl-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)imidazo[1,20-a]pyrazin-3(7H)one | 50909-86-9 | C26H21N3O2 |
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腔肠素 | coelenterazine | 55779-48-1 | C26H21N3O3 |
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脱氢二松柏醇4-0-beta-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 107870-88-2 | C26H32O11 |
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脯氨酰谷氨酸 | prolyl‐glutamate | 67644-00-2 | C10H16N2O5 |
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脯氨酰-缬氨酸 | (S)-prolyl-(S)-valine | 52899-09-9 | C10H18N2O3 |
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脯氨酰-异亮氨酸 | Pro-Ile | 51926-51-3 | C11H20N2O3 |
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胰腺癌RX-3117 | RX-3117 | 865838-26-2 | C10H12FN3O4 |
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胭脂红 | B Rose liquid | 1390-65-4 | C22H20O13 |
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胆红素二牛磺酸钠盐 | disodium;2-[3-[5-[(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxopyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-2-[[5-[(3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxopyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-3-[3-oxo-3-(2-sulfonatoethylamino)propyl]-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoylamino]ethanesulfonate | 68683-34-1 | C37H44N6Na2O10S2 |
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胆甾-5-烯-3,7二醇 | cholest-5-en-3β,7β-diol | 566-27-8 | C27H46O2 |
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胆固醇硫酸酯钠盐 | sodium (20R)-5-cholesten-3β-yl sulfate | 2864-50-8 | C27H45O4S*Na |
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肾上腺素盐酸盐 | epinephrine hydrochloride | 329-63-5 | C9H13NO3*ClH |
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肌酸酐-(甲基-d3) | [<sup>2</sup>H<sub>3</sub>]-creatinine | 143827-20-7 | C4H7N3O |
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聚蔗糖 | 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 26873-85-8 | C15H27ClO12 |
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联锡酰氨基己酰-6-氨基己酸N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯 | 6-[6-(biotinamido)caproylamino]caproic N-hydroxysuccinimide ester | 89889-52-1 | C26H41N5O7S |
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耐晒红PDC盐 | N'-n-butyl-3-amino-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide | 80-22-8 | C11H18N2O3S |
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耐晒深蓝R盐 | 4-(2,6-Dichloro-4-nitrophenylazo)-2,5-dimethoxybenzenediazonium chloride | 6709-58-6 | C14H10Cl2N5O4+ |
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耐晒兰BR | Fast Blue RR | 6268-05-9 | C15H16N2O3 |
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翅子罗汉果I | siamenoside I | 126105-12-2 | C54H92O24 |
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罗贝胍 | 1,3-Bis(p-chlorobenzylideneamino)guanidine | 25875-51-8 | C15H13Cl2N5 |
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