生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
5-(5-碘-2-异丙基-4-甲氧基苯氧基)嘧啶-2,4-二胺 | AF-353 | 865305-30-2 | C14H17IN4O2 |
|
5-(4,6-二氯三嗪)氨基荧光素 | 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazinyl)aminofluorescein | 51306-35-5 | C23H12Cl2N4O5 |
|
5-(3-氯苯基)-N-(4-(吗啉甲基)苯基)呋喃-2-羧酰胺 | 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-N-(4-(morpholinomethyl)phenyl)furan-2-carboxamide | 638156-11-3 | C22H21ClN2O3 |
|
5-(3,3-二氟环丁基)-3-[4-[4-甲基-5-[2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基]双环[2.2.2]辛烷-1-基]-1,2,4-恶二唑 | 5-(3,3-Difluorocyclobutyl)-3-(4-{4-methyl-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-1-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole | 935273-79-3 | C24H24F5N5O |
|
5-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-2-(6-((2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-4-基)氧基)吡嗪-3-基)苯酚 | 5-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-(6-((2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)pyridazin-3-yl)phenol | 1562338-42-4 | C22H27N5O2 |
|
5-(1-环己烯-1-基)-3-[(反式-4-甲氧基环己基)[( 反式-4-甲基环己基)羰基]氨基]噻吩-2-羧酸钾盐 | potassium;5-(cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-[(4-methoxycyclohexyl)-(4-methylcyclohexanecarbonyl)amino]thiophene-2-carboxylate | 1200133-34-1 | C26H36KNO4S |
|
5-(1-氮杂环丙基)-2,4-二硝基苯甲酰胺 | tretazicar | 21919-05-1 | C9H8N4O5 |
|
5-(1,4-二氢-4,4-二甲基-2-硫氧代-2H-3,1-苯并噁嗪-6-基)-1-甲基-1H-吡咯-2-甲腈 | tanaproget | 304853-42-7 | C16H15N3OS |
|
5-((6-(2,4-双(三氟甲基)苯基)吡嗪-3-基)甲基)-2-(2-氟苯基)-5H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶 | 5-((6-(2,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)-2-(2-fluorophenyl)-5H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine | 1000787-75-6 | C25H14F7N5 |
|
5-((2-氟-4-碘苯基)氨基)-N-(2-羟基乙氧基)咪唑并[1,5-A]吡啶-6-甲酰胺 | 5-(2-fluoro-4-iodophenylamino)-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethoxy)-amide | 1168091-68-6 | C16H14FIN4O3 |
|
5,8,11,14,17-五氧杂-2-氮杂二十碳二酸 1-(9H-芴-9-基甲基)酯 | Fmoc-NH-CH2CH2O-(PEG)4-CH2CH2-COOH | 882847-32-7 | C28H37NO9 |
|
5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26-八氧杂-2-氮杂二十九碳二酸1-(9H-芴-9-基甲基)酯 | 1-(9H-fluoren-9-yl)-3-oxo-2,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28-nonaoxa-4-azahentriacontan-31-oic acid | 756526-02-0 | C34H49NO12 |
|
5,6-二苯基-N-[[(2S)-四氢-2-呋喃基]甲基]呋喃并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-胺; AIM 100 | 5,6-diphenyl-4-[(S)-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-methyl]aminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine | 873305-35-2 | C23H21N3O2 |
|
5,6-二甲氧基-Γ-氧代苯并[B]噻吩-2-丁酸 | MSA-2 | 129425-81-6 | C14H14O5S |
|
5,6-二氯-1-乙基-1,3-二氢-2H-苯并咪唑-2-酮 | DC-EBIO | 60563-36-2 | C9H8Cl2N2O |
|
5,6-二氢尿苷 | 5,6-dihydrouridine | 5627-05-4 | C9H14N2O6 |
|
5,6-二氢-2,3-二甲氧基-6,6-二甲基苯并[7,8]吲哚烷并[2,3-b]喹噁啉 | 5,5-dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-(3,4-dimethoxybenzo)<g>quinoxalino<2,3-b>indolizine | 163769-88-8 | C22H21N3O2 |
|
5,5’,6,6’-四氯-1,1’,3,3’-四乙基苯并咪唑羰花青碘化物 | jc-1 | 3520-43-2 | C25H27Cl4N4*I |
|
5,5-二甲基噁唑烷-2,4-二酮 | dimethadione | 695-53-4 | C5H7NO3 |
|
5,5-二甲基-1,3-二(环氧乙烷基甲基)咪唑烷-2,4-二酮 | N,N'-diglycidyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin | 15336-81-9 | C11H16N2O4 |
|
5(R)-羟化二十烷四烯酸 | (5R)-HETE | 61641-47-2 | C20H32O3 |
|
5(6)-羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯 | NHS-5(6)-fluorescein | 117548-22-8 | C25H15NO9*C25H15NO9 |
|
5(6)-羧基荧光素二乙酸酯 | 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate | 124387-19-5 | C50H32O18 |
|
5'-O-[双(4-甲氧基苯基)苯基甲基]-2'-O-[(叔丁基)二甲基硅基]-N-(2-甲基-1-氧代丙基)鸟苷 | N-(9-((2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-((bis(4-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)methoxy)methyl)-3-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-6-oxo-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-2-yl)isobutyramide | 81279-39-2 | C41H51N5O8Si |
|
4-苯氮霉素 | N<4-(Phenyldiazenyl)phenyl>maleinimid | 16201-96-0 | C16H11N3O2 |
|
4-苯偶氮-1-萘胺盐酸盐 | α-naphthyl red hydrochloride | 83833-14-1 | C16H13N3*ClH |
|
4-苄氨基-7-硝基苯并-2-氧杂-1,3-二唑 | N-benzyl-7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-amine | 18378-20-6 | C13H10N4O3 |
|
4-芴甲氧羰基-1-哌嗪乙酸 水合物 | 2-(4-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)acetic acid | 180576-05-0 | C21H22N2O4 |
|
4-胺-5-甲基-1H-吲唑 | 5-methyl-1H-indazol-4-amine | 81115-60-8 | C8H9N3 |
|
4-羟基间苯二甲酸 | 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid | 636-46-4 | C8H6O5 |
|
4-羟基-N-(4-甲氧基-7-吗啉苯并[d]噻唑-2-基)-4-甲基哌啶-1-羧酰胺 | Tozadenant | 870070-55-6 | C19H26N4O4S |
|
4-羟基-L-苯甘氨酸乙酯 | H-Phg(4-OH)-OEt | 43189-39-5 | C10H13NO3 |
|
4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基丙酮酸 | vanilpyruvic acid | 1081-71-6 | C10H10O5 |
|
4-羟乙基哌嗪丙磺酸 | 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid | 16052-06-5 | C9H20N2O4S |
|
4-甲氧苯基-4-O-(β-D-吡喃半乳糖酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | p-methoxyphenyl β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-β-D-glucopyranoside | 150412-80-9 | C19H28O12 |
|
4-甲氧苯基-4-O-(2,3,6-三-O-苄基-β-D-吡喃半乳糖酰基)-2,3,6-三-O-苄基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | para-methoxyphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-2,3,6-tri-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside | 150412-81-0 | C61H64O12 |
|
4-甲氧基-N-(2,4,6-三甲基苯)苯磺酰胺,97 | 4-(methyloxy)-N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide | 349085-82-1 | C16H19NO3S |
|
4-甲氧基-1,2-苯并异恶唑-3-胺 | 4-methoxy-3-amino-1,2-benzisoxazole | 177995-40-3 | C8H8N2O2 |
|
4-甲基噻唑-2-基鸟嘌呤盐酸盐 | 2-<(diaminomethylene)amino>-4-methylthiazole hydrochloride | 100599-91-5 | C5H8N4S*ClH |
|
4-甲基哌啶-4-甲腈盐酸盐 | 4-methylpiperidine-4-carbonitrile hydrochloride | 948894-26-6 | C7H12N2*ClH |
|
4-甲基吡唑 | 4-methyl-1H-pyrazole | 7554-65-6 | C4H6N2 |
|
4-甲基伞型酮-beta-D-葡糖苷酸 | 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide | 6160-80-1 | C16H16O9 |
|
4-甲基-5-[[((2S)-2-甲基-1,4-二氮杂潘-1-基]磺酰基]异喹啉二盐酸盐 | H-1152 Dihydrochloride | 871543-07-6 | C16H23Cl2N3O2S |
|
4-甲基-3-噻吩胺 | 4-methyl-3-thiopheneamine | 23967-97-7 | C5H7NS |
|
4-甲基-3-[[3-[2-(甲基氨基)-4-嘧啶基]-2-吡啶基]氧基]-N-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯甲酰胺 | NCGC00263199 | 870223-96-4 | C25H20F3N5O2 |
|
4-甲基-3-[2-[[2-(4-吗啉基)乙基]氨基]-6-喹唑啉基]-N-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯甲酰胺 | AMG-47a | 882663-88-9 | C29H28F3N5O2 |
|
4-甲基-3-({[(2-甲基-2-丙基)氧基]羰基}氨基)戊酸 | 3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]-4-methylpentanoic acid | 248924-39-2 | C11H21NO4 |
|
4-甲基-2-(1-哌啶基)喹啉 | ML 204 | 5465-86-1 | C15H18N2 |
|
4-环丙基吡啶-2-胺 | 4-cyclopropylpyridin-2-amine | 908269-97-6 | C8H10N2 |
|
4-溴靛红 | 4-bromoisatin | 20780-72-7 | C8H4BrNO2 |
|