生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4-[4-[(二甲氨基)甲基]-2,5-二甲氧基苯基]-2-甲基-2,7-萘啶-1-酮 | BI-9564 | 1883429-22-8 | C20H23N3O3 |
| 4-[4-(二甲基氨基)苯偶氮]苯甲酸 N-丁二酰亚胺酯 | 4-[4-(dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoic acid N-succinimidyl ester | 146998-31-4 | C19H18N4O4 |
| 4-[4-(5-苯并呋喃基)苯基]-5-[[(3S)-1-(环丙基羰基)-3-吡咯烷基]甲基]-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3个 | GSK2194069 | 1332331-08-4 | C25H24N4O3 |
| 4-[4-(4-氨基-7,7-二甲基-7H-嘧啶并[4,5-B][1,4]噁唑-6-基)苯基]双环[2.2.2]辛烷-1-乙酸 | {4-[4-(4-amino-7,7-dimethyl-7H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]-oxazin-6-yl)phenyl]bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-1-yl}acetic acid | 942999-61-3 | C24H28N4O3 |
| 4-[4-(2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二氧杂环己-6-基)-5-(2-吡啶基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]苯甲酰胺 | 4-[4-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-5-(2-pyridinyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]benzamide | 301836-43-1 | C23H18N4O3 |
| 4-[4,6-二氢-4-(3-羟基苯基)-3-(4-甲基苯基)-6-氧代吡咯并[3,4-C]吡唑-5(1H)-基]苯甲酸 | 4-[4-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-6-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrazol-5-yl]benzoic acid | 834903-43-4 | C25H19N3O4 |
| 4-[3-(三氟甲基)苄基]-2H-14-苯并噻嗪-3(4h)-酮 | 4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazin-3(4H)-one | 353262-04-1 | C16H12F3NOS |
| 4-[3-(6-甲基-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-4-基]喹啉 | 4-(3-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)quinoline | 607737-87-1 | C18H14N4 |
| 4-[2-[[5-甲基-1-(2-萘基)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧基]乙基]吗啉盐酸盐(1:1) | 4-{2-[5-methyl-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yloxy]ethyl}morpholine hydrochloride | 1265917-14-3 | C20H23N3O2*ClH |
| 4-[2-[[5-甲基-1-(2-萘基)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧基]乙基]吗啉 | 4-{2-[5-methyl-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yloxy]ethyl}morpholine | 878141-96-9 | C20H23N3O2 |
| 4-[2-[2-(氰基甲基)苯基]乙炔基]-2-氟苯丙酸 | TUG-770 | 1402601-82-4 | C19H14FNO2 |
| 4-[2-[(2-氯-4-氟苯基)氨基]-5-甲基-4-嘧啶]-1H-吡咯-2-羧酰胺 | Vx-11e | 896720-20-0 | C24H20Cl2FN5O2 |
| 4-[2-(Fmoc-氨基)乙基]哌嗪-1-基乙酸二盐酸盐 | 4-[2-(Fmoc-amino)ethyl]piperazin-1-ylacetic acid dihydrochloride | 204320-65-0 | C23H29Cl2N3O4 |
| 4-[2-(4-硝基-1H-咪唑-1-基)乙基]吗啉 | 1-(morpholinoethyl)-4-nitroimidazole | 6497-78-5 | C9H14N4O3 |
| 4-[1-环己基-4-(4-氟苯基)-1H-咪唑-5-基]-2-嘧啶胺盐酸盐 | 4-(1-cyclohexyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine dihydrochloride | 950912-80-8 | C19H22Cl2FN5 |
| 4-[1-[[[2,5-二甲基-4-[[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]甲基]-3-噻吩基]羰基]氨基]环丙基]苯甲酸 | 4-{1-[({2,5-dimethyl-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-3-thienyl}carbonyl)amino]cyclopropyl}benzoic acid | 1006036-87-8 | C25H22F3NO3S |
| 4-[(己基氨基甲酰)氨基]-N-[4-(2-{[(2S)-2-羟基-3-(4-羟基苯氧基)丙基]氨基}乙基)苯基]苯磺酰胺 | L 755507 | 159182-43-1 | C30H40N4O6S |
| 4-[(5,6,7,8-四氢-5,5,8,8-四甲基-2-萘基)甲酰氨基]苯甲酸 | Am580 | 102121-60-8 | C22H25NO3 |
| 4-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)甲基]-N-[4-甲基-3-[[4-(3-吡啶基)-2-噻唑基]氨基]苯基]-甲基磺酰基苯胺 | Masitinib mesylate | 1048007-93-7 | CH4O3S*C28H30N6OS |
| 4-[(4-氟苯基)甲基]-2-(4-甲基苯基)-1,2,4-噻二唑烷-3,5-二酮 | CCG-50014 | 883050-24-6 | C16H13FN2O2S |
| 4-[(3-苯氧基苯基)甲基]-1-哌嗪羧酸2,2,2-三氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙酯 | 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl 4-(3-phenoxybenzyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate | 1416133-89-5 | C21H20F6N2O3 |
| 4-[(3-溴苯基)氨基]-6,7-二甲氧基喹啉 | PD153035 | 153436-54-5 | C16H14BrN3O2 |
| 4-[(2S)-4-[(6-氨基-3-吡啶基)磺酰基]-2-(1-丙炔-1-基)-1-哌嗪基]-Α,Α-双(三氟甲基)-苯甲醇 | 2-(4-((2S)-4-((6-amino-3-pyridinyl)sulfonyl)-2-(1-propyn-1-yl)-1-piperazinyl)phenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol | 1361224-53-4 | C21H20F6N4O3S |
| 4-[(2R)-2-[(1R)-2,2,2-三氟-1-羟基乙基]-1-吡咯烷基]-2-(三氟甲基)苯甲腈 | Ligandrol | 1165910-22-4 | C14H12F6N2O |
| 4-[(2,6-二氯苯甲酰基)氨基]-N-4-哌啶基-1H-吡唑-3-甲酰胺三氟乙酸盐 | 4-(4-(2,6-dichlorobenzamido)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamido)piperidin-1-ium 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate | 1431697-85-6 | (x)C2HF3O2*C16H17Cl2N5O2 |
| 4-[(1S)-1-[[[3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-5-[3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-1H-吡唑-4-基]羰基]氨基]乙基]苯甲酸 | (S)-4-(1-(3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-5-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)-1H-pyrazole-4-c-carboxamido)ethyl)benzoic acid | 1369489-71-3 | C22H18F5N3O4 |
| 4-[(1S)-1-[[5-氯-2-(4-氟苯氧基)苄基]氨基]乙基]苯甲酸 | 4-((1S)-1-{[5-chloro-2-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzoyl]amino}ethyl)benzoic acid | 847728-01-2 | C22H17ClFNO4 |
| 4-[(1,3-二氢-1-羟基-2,1-苯并氧杂硼杂环戊烷-5-基)氧基]苯甲腈 | crisaborole | 906673-24-3 | C14H10BNO3 |
| 4-N-(4-羧基丁基)-N-2-2-4-(2-苯基乙基)苄氧基苯基乙基氨基甲基苯甲酸 | cinaciguat | 329773-35-5 | C36H39NO5 |
| 4-Boc-1-哌嗪乙酸 | 2-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)acetic acid | 156478-71-6 | C11H20N2O4 |
| 4-(苄基氨基)-2-((3-氯-4-羟基苯乙基)氨基)嘧啶-5-羧酰胺 | AS 1517499 | 919486-40-1 | C20H20ClN5O2 |
| 4-(甲基(2-苯基噻唑-4-基)氨基)苯甲酸乙酯 | neuropathiazol | 880090-88-0 | C19H18N2O2S |
| 4-(环己基氨基磺酰基)苯甲酸 | 4-(N-cyclohexylsulfamoyl)benzoic acid | 6314-70-1 | C13H17NO4S |
| 4-(N-Fmoc-甲氨基)苯甲酸 | 4-((((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)(methyl)amino)benzoic acid | 160977-92-4 | C23H19NO4 |
| 4-(N-Fmoc-氨基甲基)苯胺 | (9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl 4-aminobenzylcarbamate | 159790-81-5 | C22H20N2O2 |
| 4-(N-BOC-甲基氨)苯甲酸 | 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino)benzoic acid | 263021-30-3 | C13H17NO4 |
| 4-(Fmoc-氨基)-1-丁醇 | (9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl (4-hydroxybutyl)carbamate | 209115-32-2 | C19H21NO3 |
| 4-(FMOC-氨基)四氢吡喃-4-甲酸 | Fmoc-4-aminotetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid | 285996-72-7 | C21H21NO5 |
| 4-(BOC-氨基)-2-氯苯甲酸 | 4-(tert-butyoxycarbonyl)amino-2-chlorobenzoic acid | 232275-73-9 | C12H14ClNO4 |
| 4-(9H-芴-甲氧基羰氨基)-四氢吡喃-4-羧酸 | 4-(9H-Fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-tetrahydro-thiopyran-4-carboxylic acid | 368866-35-7 | C21H21NO4S |
| 4-(8-((3,4-二甲基苯基)氨基磺酰基)-3A,4,5,9B-四氢-3H-环戊二烯并[C]喹啉-4-基)苯甲酸 | 4-[8-[(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfamoyl]-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[c]quinolin-4-yl]benzoic acid | 1005264-47-0 | C27H26N2O4S |
| 4-(6-羧基-2-吲哚基)-4'-甲基-2,2'-(乙烯基二氧)二苯胺-N,N,N',N'-四乙酸四(乙酰氧基甲基)酯 | Indo-1 pentaacetoxymethyl ester | 112926-02-0 | C47H51N3O22 |
| 4-(6-乙酰甲氧-2,7-二氯-3-氧-9-夹氧杂蒽基)-4'-甲基-2,2'(乙基烯二氧)二苯胺-N,N,N',N'-四乙酸四(乙酰氧基甲基)酯 | Fluo 3-AM | 121714-22-5 | C48H46Cl2N2O21 |
| 4-(4-氟苯基)-6-异丙基-2-[(N-甲基-N-甲磺酰)氨基]嘧啶-5-甲醇 | N-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]-N-methylmethanesulfonamide | 147118-36-3 | C16H20FN3O3S |
| 4-(4-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-5-胺 | 3-amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)pyrazole | 5848-05-5 | C9H8FN3 |
| 4-(4-二乙氨基)苯基偶氮苯磺酸钠盐 | 62758-12-7 | C16H19N3NaO3S | |
| 4-(4'-羟基苯基)氨基-6,7-二甲氧基喹唑啉 | WHI-P131 | 202475-60-3 | C16H15N3O3 |
| 4-(3-(甲基氨基)-1-(噻吩-2-基)丙基)萘-1-醇 | (+/-)-N-methyl-3-(2-thienyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)-propylamine | 949095-98-1 | C18H19NOS |
| 4-(3,5-双(三甲基甲硅烷基)苯酰胺)苯甲酸 | Amsilarotene | 125973-56-0 | C20H27NO3Si2 |
| 4-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基)-苯胺 | 4-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl] aniline | 123066-64-8 | C11H7F6N3 |