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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Dicyclohexylamine Salt of N-(Carbo-tert-butoxy)-S-tert-butyl-L-cysteine 60143-30-8 C12H23NO4S*C12H23N
    Dicyclohexylamine Salt of N-(Carbo-tert-butoxy)-S-tert-butyl-L-cysteine
    —— Hydroxy-resorcein 71939-12-3 C24H15NO7
    Hydroxy-resorcein
    —— L-tryptophyl-L-phenylalanine 6686-02-8 C20H21N3O3
    L-tryptophyl-L-phenylalanine
    —— L-tryptophyl-L-leucine 13123-35-8 C17H23N3O3
    L-tryptophyl-L-leucine
    —— L-leucyl-L-tryptophan 5156-22-9 C17H23N3O3
    L-leucyl-L-tryptophan
    —— pristinamycin IA 3131-03-1 C45H54N8O10
    pristinamycin IA
    —— L-glutamyl-L-valine 5879-06-1 C10H18N2O5
    L-glutamyl-L-valine
    —— D-threonine methyl ester 3373-59-9 C5H11NO3
    D-threonine methyl ester
    —— Val-Ile 20556-14-3 C11H22N2O3
    Val-Ile
    —— <i>N</i>-L-prolyl-L-valine 52899-09-9 C10H18N2O3
    <i>N</i>-L-prolyl-L-valine
    —— β-(p-fluorophenyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid 52237-19-1 C10H12FNO2
    β-(p-fluorophenyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid
    —— PSN632408 857652-30-3 C18H24N4O4
    PSN632408
    —— 1-((4'-(cyclopropylmethyl)-2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)-[4,5'-bipyrimidin]-2'-yl)amino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol 1383716-46-8 C21H25N7O
    1-((4'-(cyclopropylmethyl)-2-(pyridin-4-ylamino)-[4,5'-bipyrimidin]-2'-yl)amino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol
    —— 2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonylamino)octanedioic acid 1208999-99-8 C23H25NO6
    2-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonylamino)octanedioic acid
    —— VAL-GLN 42854-54-6 C10H19N3O4
    VAL-GLN
    —— cresyl violet acetate 10510-54-0 C2H4O2*C16H11N3O
    cresyl violet acetate
    —— H-Gly-Val-Ser-Gly-His-Gly-Gln-His-Gly-Val-His-Gly-OH 347884-62-2 C46H69N19O15
    H-Gly-Val-Ser-Gly-His-Gly-Gln-His-Gly-Val-His-Gly-OH
    —— 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> 72203-93-1 C27H44O4
    1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>
    —— Lobeglitazone sulfate 763108-62-9 C24H24N4O5S*H2O4S
    Lobeglitazone sulfate
    —— 6-(2-amino-pyrimidin-4-yloxy)naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)amide 861875-60-7 C22H15F3N4O2
    6-(2-amino-pyrimidin-4-yloxy)naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)amide
    —— brilliant cresyl blue 81029-05-2 C17H21N4O*Cl
    brilliant cresyl blue
    —— <i>N</i>-Ξ-prolyl-L-valine 52899-09-9 C10H18N2O3
    <i>N</i>-Ξ-prolyl-L-valine
    —— Lonsurf 733030-01-8 C19H23Cl2F3N6O7
    Lonsurf
    —— 1alpha-Hydroxy VD4 143032-85-3 C28H46O2
    1alpha-Hydroxy VD4
    —— phenolsulphophthaleine sodium salt 34487-61-1 C19H13O5S*Na
    phenolsulphophthaleine sodium salt
    —— benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone 161401-82-7 C21H28FN3O7
    benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone
    —— 3-(4-{1-[2-(4-amino-phenyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl}-furazan-3-ylamino)-propionitrile 798577-91-0 C20H17N7O2
    3-(4-{1-[2-(4-amino-phenyl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl}-furazan-3-ylamino)-propionitrile
    —— pyronine B 2150-48-3 C21H27N2O*Cl4Fe
    pyronine B
    —— Eosin b(2-) 56360-46-4 C20H6Br2N2O9-2
    Eosin b(2-)
    —— (2R,3S)-3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-((3S)-9-fluoro-2-oxo-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl)-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)succinamide 1584713-87-0 C26H26F4N4O3
    (2R,3S)-3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N-((3S)-9-fluoro-2-oxo-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl)-2-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)succinamide
    —— Azamin 4B 992-59-6 C34H28N6NaO6S2+
    Azamin 4B
    —— BMS-345541 445430-59-1 C14H17N5*ClH
    BMS-345541
    —— 3alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane 80-92-2 C21H36O2
    3alpha,20alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane
    —— 1-Steroyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 6753-56-6 C44H86NO8P
    1-Steroyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine
    —— ATN-161 262438-43-7 C23H35N9O8S
    ATN-161
    —— Ceralasertib 1352226-88-0 C20H24N6O2S
    Ceralasertib
    —— Avermectin A1a, 25-cyclohexyl-4'-O-de(2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl--L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-5-demethoxy-25-de(1-methylpropyl)-22,23-dihydro-5-(hydroxyimino)- 165108-07-6 C43H63NO11
    Avermectin A1a, 25-cyclohexyl-4'-O-de(2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl--L-arabino-hexopyranosyl)-5-demethoxy-25-de(1-methylpropyl)-22,23-dihydro-5-(hydroxyimino)-
    —— Crocein Orange G 1934-20-9 C16H11N2O4S*Na
    Crocein Orange G
    —— Tetrasodium guanosine triphosphate 36051-31-7 C10H12N5Na4O14P3
    Tetrasodium guanosine triphosphate
    —— Sodium;4-[(7-phenyl-3-sulfobenzo[a]phenazin-7-ium-5-yl)amino]benzenesulfonate 25641-18-3 C28H19N3NaO6S2+
    Sodium;4-[(7-phenyl-3-sulfobenzo[a]phenazin-7-ium-5-yl)amino]benzenesulfonate
    —— benzyl N-[(2R)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1-[[(2R)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]butan-2-yl]carbamate 88191-84-8 C22H26N2O4
    benzyl N-[(2R)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1-[[(2R)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]butan-2-yl]carbamate
    —— 1-[(Z)-(4-chlorophenyl)methylideneamino]-2-[(E)-(4-chlorophenyl)methylideneamino]guanidine 25875-51-8 C15H13Cl2N5
    1-[(Z)-(4-chlorophenyl)methylideneamino]-2-[(E)-(4-chlorophenyl)methylideneamino]guanidine
    —— GSK525768A 1260530-25-3 C22H22ClN5O2
    GSK525768A
    —— Syk Inhibitor IV, BAY 61-3606 648903-57-5 C20H19ClN6O3
    Syk Inhibitor IV, BAY 61-3606
    —— [(3~{S},4~{S})-3-methoxyoxan-4-yl]-[(1~{R},3~{S})-3-propan-2-yl-3-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)-7,8-dihydro-5~{H}-1,6-naphthyridin-6-yl]carbonyl]cyclopentyl]azanium 624733-88-6 C24H35F3N3O3+
    [(3~{S},4~{S})-3-methoxyoxan-4-yl]-[(1~{R},3~{S})-3-propan-2-yl-3-[[3-(trifluoromethyl)-7,8-dihydro-5~{H}-1,6-naphthyridin-6-yl]carbonyl]cyclopentyl]azanium
    —— 2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}amino)-2-methyldec-9-enoic acid 288617-75-4 C26H31NO4
    2-({[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}amino)-2-methyldec-9-enoic acid
    —— 6-Bromo-4-chloroquinazolin-2-amine 1260862-26-7 C8H5BrClN3
    6-Bromo-4-chloroquinazolin-2-amine
    —— P-P-Ura-LRibf.2Na+ 27821-45-0 C9H12N2Na2O12P2
    P-P-Ura-LRibf.2Na+
    —— GSK-3117391 1018673-42-1 C22H33N3O4
    GSK-3117391
    —— Pharmakon1600-01503255 2375-03-3 C26H34NaO8+
    Pharmakon1600-01503255