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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Sodium;6-fluoro-2-[4-(2-fluorophenyl)phenyl]-3-methylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid 96201-88-6 C23H15F2NNaO2+
    Sodium;6-fluoro-2-[4-(2-fluorophenyl)phenyl]-3-methylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid
    —— imino-methyl-[1-[6-(3-methylmorpholin-4-yl)-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]cyclopropyl]-oxo-lambda6-sulfane 1352226-88-0 C20H24N6O2S
    imino-methyl-[1-[6-(3-methylmorpholin-4-yl)-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]cyclopropyl]-oxo-lambda6-sulfane
    —— HA 130 1229652-21-4 C24H19BFNO5S
    HA 130
    —— 5-{3-[4-(Aminomethyl)phenoxy]propyl}-2-{(8E)-8-[2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)hydrazinylidene]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl}-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid 1431866-33-9 C31H29N5O3S2
    5-{3-[4-(Aminomethyl)phenoxy]propyl}-2-{(8E)-8-[2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)hydrazinylidene]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl}-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid
    —— L-Histidine, N-glycyl- 2489-13-6 C8H12N4O3
    L-Histidine, N-glycyl-
    —— 5-Diethylamino-2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)phenol 14337-53-2 C15H17BrN4O
    5-Diethylamino-2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)phenol
    —— Cyclohexanol, 4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-methoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-, trans- 193551-21-2 C20H21FN4O2
    Cyclohexanol, 4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-methoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-, trans-
    —— N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide 1649486-65-6 C16H14ClNO2
    N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-4-chlorocinnamanilide
    —— Acid Orange 74 10127-27-2 C16H11CrN5O8S*Na
    Acid Orange 74
    —— Methylthymol Blue sodium salt 1945-77-3 C37H40N2Na4O13S
    Methylthymol Blue sodium salt
    —— cis-2-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-cyclohexancarbonsaeure 57808-63-6 C13H16O3
    cis-2-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-cyclohexancarbonsaeure
    —— 1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, disodium salt 518-51-4 C20H12Na2O4
    1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-, disodium salt
    —— Benzoic acid, 2-[[[(2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenyl)azo]phenylmethylene]hydrazino]- 62625-22-3 C20H16N4O6S
    Benzoic acid, 2-[[[(2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenyl)azo]phenylmethylene]hydrazino]-
    —— Surfactin peptide 24730-31-2 C53H93N7O13
    Surfactin peptide
    —— Xanthylium, 9-[2-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-, perchlorate 13161-28-9 C28H31ClN2O7
    Xanthylium, 9-[2-(ethoxycarbonyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(ethylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-, perchlorate
    —— Alanine, 3-phenyl-N-tryptophyl-, L- 6686-02-8 C20H21N3O3
    Alanine, 3-phenyl-N-tryptophyl-, L-
    —— Bucolan Red GRE 6408-31-7 C16H10ClCrN4Na2O9S2-3
    Bucolan Red GRE
    —— Tauroursodeoxycholic acid sodium salt 6009-98-9 C26H44NO6S*Na
    Tauroursodeoxycholic acid sodium salt
    —— tetrasodium;4-amino-6-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-5,7-disulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate 2610-05-1 C34H24N6Na4O16S4
    tetrasodium;4-amino-6-[[4-[4-[(8-amino-1-hydroxy-5,7-disulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]diazenyl]-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate
    —— (2,4-Diaminophenyl)-(4-ethoxyphenyl)iminoazanium;chloride 2313-87-3 C14H17ClN4O
    (2,4-Diaminophenyl)-(4-ethoxyphenyl)iminoazanium;chloride
    —— crocein orange G 1934-20-9 C16H11N2O4S*Na
    crocein orange G
    —— (2R,5R,9S,10R,11R,12S)-5,12-Dihydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.15,8.01,10.02,8]heptadecane-9-carboxylic acid 545-97-1 C19H24O6
    (2R,5R,9S,10R,11R,12S)-5,12-Dihydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.15,8.01,10.02,8]heptadecane-9-carboxylic acid
    —— CX691 211735-76-1 C12H13N3O2
    CX691
    —— N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-4-[3-[6-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]propyl]aniline 178481-68-0 C32H37Cl2N7
    N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-4-[3-[6-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]propyl]aniline
    —— PIM447 1210608-43-7 C24H23F3N4O
    PIM447
    —— 1-(3-(4-cyanophenoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea 1400989-25-4 C21H13ClF3N3O2
    1-(3-(4-cyanophenoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea
    —— 3-chloro-N-[4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-[(3-pyridin-4-ylphenyl)methyl]-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide 912545-86-9 C28H28ClN3OS
    3-chloro-N-[4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-[(3-pyridin-4-ylphenyl)methyl]-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide
    —— 2N,N-Dimethylaminomethylenguanosin 17331-16-7 C13H18N6O5
    2N,N-Dimethylaminomethylenguanosin
    —— <i>N</i>-L-leucyl-L-aspartic acid 32949-40-9 C10H18N2O5
    <i>N</i>-L-leucyl-L-aspartic acid
    —— SAR405 1523406-39-4 C19H21ClF3N5O2
    SAR405
    —— Nutlin-3 548472-68-0 C30H30Cl2N4O4
    Nutlin-3
    —— 2-<2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5'(6')-benzimidazolyl>-5(6)-<1-(4-methylpiperazinyl)>benzimidazole 129244-66-2 C33H40N6O
    2-<2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5'(6')-benzimidazolyl>-5(6)-<1-(4-methylpiperazinyl)>benzimidazole
    —— 3-Benzhydrylsulfanyl-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionic acid 21947-97-7 C21H25NO4S
    3-Benzhydrylsulfanyl-2-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionic acid
    —— 5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-{2-methoxy-4-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]phenyl}pyrimidin-2-amine 1356962-34-9 C29H34ClN7O
    5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-{2-methoxy-4-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]phenyl}pyrimidin-2-amine
    —— Arginylproline 2418-69-1 C11H21N5O3
    Arginylproline
    —— L-Ileu-Asp(NH2)-OH 59652-59-4 C10H19N3O4
    L-Ileu-Asp(NH2)-OH
    —— [N-{[4-(5,9-diethoxy-6-oxo-6,8-dihydro-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-g]quinolin-7-yl)-3-methylbenzyl]sulphonyl}-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide] 915191-42-3 C32H33N3O7S
    [N-{[4-(5,9-diethoxy-6-oxo-6,8-dihydro-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-g]quinolin-7-yl)-3-methylbenzyl]sulphonyl}-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide]
    —— vaniprevir 923590-37-8 C38H55N5O9S
    vaniprevir
    —— H-89 127243-85-0 C20H20BrN3O2S
    H-89
    —— pigment red 49 1248-18-6 C20H13N2O4S*Na
    pigment red 49
    —— sodium salt of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-m-toluidine 82692-93-1 C12H18NO4S*Na
    sodium salt of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-sulfopropyl)-m-toluidine
    —— spiculisporic acid 469-77-2 C17H28O6
    spiculisporic acid
    —— (2R)-1-{4-[(1aR,6r,10bS)-1,1-Difluoro-1,1a,6,10b-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,e]cyclopropa[c]cyclohepten-6-yl]piperazin-1-yl}-3-(quinolin-5-yloxy)propan-2-ol 167354-41-8 C32H31F2N3O2
    (2R)-1-{4-[(1aR,6r,10bS)-1,1-Difluoro-1,1a,6,10b-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,e]cyclopropa[c]cyclohepten-6-yl]piperazin-1-yl}-3-(quinolin-5-yloxy)propan-2-ol
    —— Ponceau S 6226-79-5 C22H16N4O13S4
    Ponceau S
    —— 6-((1R,2S)-2-amino-cyclohexylamino)-4-(5,6-dimethyl-pyridin-2-ylamino)-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid amide 1446790-62-0 C18H25N7O
    6-((1R,2S)-2-amino-cyclohexylamino)-4-(5,6-dimethyl-pyridin-2-ylamino)-pyridazine-3-carboxylic acid amide
    —— Surfactin 24730-31-2 C53H93N7O13
    Surfactin
    —— Y-27632 dihydrochloride 146986-50-7 C14H21N3O
    Y-27632 dihydrochloride
    —— bleomycin 11056-06-7 C55H84N17O21S3
    bleomycin
    —— Aspartyl-Glutamine 13433-13-1 C9H15N3O6
    Aspartyl-Glutamine
    —— Neoeuonymine 33510-25-7 C36H45NO17
    Neoeuonymine