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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    (1R,2R,3S,3AR,8BS)-6-[[(2S,3R,6R)-6-[(1R)-1,2-二羟基乙基]-3-甲氧基-1,4-二氧己环-2-基]氧基]-2,3,3A,8B-四氢-1,8B-二羟基-8-甲氧基-3A-(4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基-1H-环戊烯并[B]苯并呋喃-2-羧酸甲酯 (1R,2R,3S,3aR,8bS)-methyl 6-(((2S,3R,6R)-6-((R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3-methoxy-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)oxy)-1,8b-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-3a-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran-2-carboxylate 697235-38-4 C34H38O13
    (1R,2R,3S,3AR,8BS)-6-[[(2S,3R,6R)-6-[(1R)-1,2-二羟基乙基]-3-甲氧基-1,4-二氧己环-2-基]氧基]-2,3,3A,8B-四氢-1,8B-二羟基-8-甲氧基-3A-(4-甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基-1H-环戊烯并[B]苯并呋喃-2-羧酸甲酯
    (1R,2R)-N-[[[6-(2-羧基-2,3-二氢-1H-异吲哚-4-基)-2,2-二甲基己基]氧]羰基]-3-甲基-L-缬氨酰-(4R)-4-羟基-L-脯氨酰-1-氨基-N-(环丙基磺酰基)-2-乙基环丙甲酰胺(1-2)-内酯 Vaniprevir 923590-37-8 C38H55N5O9S
    (1R,2R)-N-[[[6-(2-羧基-2,3-二氢-1H-异吲哚-4-基)-2,2-二甲基己基]氧]羰基]-3-甲基-L-缬氨酰-(4R)-4-羟基-L-脯氨酰-1-氨基-N-(环丙基磺酰基)-2-乙基环丙甲酰胺(1-2)-内酯
    (1AR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-十四氢-14-甲氧基-3,6-二氧代-8H-7,10-亚甲基环丙烷并[18,19][1,10,3,6]二氧杂二环草壬基十八碳-7-烯[11,12-b]喹喔啉-8-羧酸 (1aR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-tert-butyl-14-methoxy-3,6-dioxo-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-tetradeca-hydro-8H-7,10-methanocyclopropa[18,19][1,10,3,6]dioxadiazacyclononadecino[11,12-b]quinoxaline-8-carboxylic acid hydrate 1206524-85-7 C29H38N4O7
    (1AR,5S,8S,10R,22aR)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-1,1a,3,4,5,6,9,10,18,19,20,21,22,22a-十四氢-14-甲氧基-3,6-二氧代-8H-7,10-亚甲基环丙烷并[18,19][1,10,3,6]二氧杂二环草壬基十八碳-7-烯[11,12-b]喹喔啉-8-羧酸
    (1ALPHA,3BETA,5Z,7E,22E)-24-环丙基-1,3-二羟基-9,10-开环胆甾-5,7,10(19),22-四烯-24-酮 MC903 126860-83-1 C27H38O3
    (1ALPHA,3BETA,5Z,7E,22E)-24-环丙基-1,3-二羟基-9,10-开环胆甾-5,7,10(19),22-四烯-24-酮
    (15S,5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-15-羟基二十碳四烯酸 icomucret 54845-95-3 C20H32O3
    (15S,5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-15-羟基二十碳四烯酸
    (11S)-11-羟基二十碳-5,8,12,14-四烯酸 (11S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid 54886-50-9 C20H32O3
    (11S)-11-羟基二十碳-5,8,12,14-四烯酸
    (11AS,11A'S)-8,8'-(丙烷-1,3-二基双(氧))双(7-甲氧基-2-亚甲基-2,3-二氢-1H-苯并[E]吡咯[1,2-A][1,4]二氮杂卓-5(11AH)-酮) 1,1'-[[(propane-1,3-diyl)dioxy]bis[(11aS)-7-methoxy-2-methylidene-1,2,3,11a-tetrahydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepin-5-one]] 232931-57-6 C31H32N4O6
    (11AS,11A'S)-8,8'-(丙烷-1,3-二基双(氧))双(7-甲氧基-2-亚甲基-2,3-二氢-1H-苯并[E]吡咯[1,2-A][1,4]二氮杂卓-5(11AH)-酮)
    (+/-)-6-氯-7,8-二羟基-3-烯丙基-1-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-3-苯氮杂卓氢溴酸 SKF 82958 80751-65-1 C19H20ClNO2
    (+/-)-6-氯-7,8-二羟基-3-烯丙基-1-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢-1H-3-苯氮杂卓氢溴酸
    (+)-丁苯那嗪 tetrabenazine 1026016-83-0 C19H27NO3
    (+)-丁苯那嗪
    (+)-JQ1羧酸 (S)-2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-6-yl)acetic acid 202592-23-2 C19H17ClN4O2S
    (+)-JQ1羧酸
    ((2r,3r)-1,3-二羟基-2-丁基)氨基甲酸苄酯 benzyl N-[(2S,3R)-1,3-dihydroxybutan-2-yl]carbamate 71811-27-3 C12H17NO4
    ((2r,3r)-1,3-二羟基-2-丁基)氨基甲酸苄酯
    —— N-cyclohexyl-3-(3,4-dichlorophenethylamino)-N-(2-(2-(5-hydroxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)ethylamino)ethyl)propanamide bis(trifluoroacetate) 1035227-44-1 2C2HF3O2*C29H38Cl2N4O4
    N-cyclohexyl-3-(3,4-dichlorophenethylamino)-N-(2-(2-(5-hydroxy-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-8-yl)ethylamino)ethyl)propanamide bis(trifluoroacetate)
    —— 4-iodo-1-<5'-<5''-(4'''-methylpiperazin-1'''-yl)benzimidazol-2''-yl>benzimidazol-2'-yl>benzene 158013-43-5 C25H23IN6
    4-iodo-1-<5'-<5''-(4'''-methylpiperazin-1'''-yl)benzimidazol-2''-yl>benzimidazol-2'-yl>benzene
    —— Guadecitabine 929901-49-5 C18H24N9O10P
    Guadecitabine
    —— 150849-52-8 C19H12IN5NaO8S2
    —— 1356922-29-6 C18H24N2NaO5
    —— (2S,3S)-3-Amino-2-{[(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoic acid 361161-57-1 C22H25NO5
    (2S,3S)-3-Amino-2-{[(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}-2-hydroxy-5-methylhexanoic acid
    —— (2E)-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-[(3-methylphenyl)hydrazinylidene]-1-thiophen-2-ylbutane-1,3-dione 263890-70-6 C15H11F3N2O2S
    (2E)-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-[(3-methylphenyl)hydrazinylidene]-1-thiophen-2-ylbutane-1,3-dione
    —— 102783-51-7 C9H16N3NaO13P3
    —— 3624-68-8 C16H11ClN2NaO8S2
    —— Sephadex G 200 9041-36-5 C120H98Cl2F6N16O19
    Sephadex G 200
    —— 4-[(2S,7R)-10,11-dimethyl-8-methylidene-1,5,11-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.02,7]tridec-9-en-5-yl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butan-1-one 313368-91-1 C23H30FN3O
    4-[(2S,7R)-10,11-dimethyl-8-methylidene-1,5,11-triazatricyclo[7.4.0.02,7]tridec-9-en-5-yl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butan-1-one
    —— 5-[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[2-[[5-Amino-2-[2-[[2-[[4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]ethylamino]naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid 396716-14-6 C70H104N22O18S
    5-[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[[2-[2-[[5-Amino-2-[2-[[2-[[4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]ethylamino]naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid
    —— L-Prolinamide, N-[4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzoyl]-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-arginyl-L-norleucyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-seryl-L-phenylalanyl-N-[2-[(5-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)amino]ethyl]-(9CI) 263718-22-5 C76H98N16O15S
    L-Prolinamide, N-[4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzoyl]-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-arginyl-L-norleucyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-seryl-L-phenylalanyl-N-[2-[(5-sulfo-1-naphthalenyl)amino]ethyl]-(9CI)
    —— Uridine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P'-a-D-xylopyranosyl ester,disodium salt 108320-89-4 C14H22N2Na2O16P2
    Uridine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), P'-a-D-xylopyranosyl ester,disodium salt
    —— Wright's stain 68988-92-1 C36H24Br4ClN3Na2O5S
    Wright's stain
    —— tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]carbamate 864539-93-5 C13H18FNO3
    tert-butyl [2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl]carbamate
    —— (4E,6E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-8-Hydroxy-4,6,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid 90780-54-4 C22H32O3
    (4E,6E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-8-Hydroxy-4,6,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid
    —— FD+C Red No. 3 16423-68-0 C20H8I4NaO5+
    FD+C Red No. 3
    —— Ile-Ala 24787-73-3 C9H18N2O3
    Ile-Ala
    —— (S)-3-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)methoxy)-2-(2-(2-isobutyramido-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-9H-purin-9-yl)acetamido)propyl (2-cyanoethyl) diisopropylphosphoramidite 1280548-97-1 C44H55N8O8P
    (S)-3-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)methoxy)-2-(2-(2-isobutyramido-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-9H-purin-9-yl)acetamido)propyl (2-cyanoethyl) diisopropylphosphoramidite
    —— (R)-6-Chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide 848193-69-1 C13H13ClN2O
    (R)-6-Chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide
    —— 4-benzamido-2,5-dimethoxybenzenediazonium;dichlorozinc;dichloride 14726-29-5 C15H14Cl4N3O3Zn-
    4-benzamido-2,5-dimethoxybenzenediazonium;dichlorozinc;dichloride
    —— β-Asp-Leu 14650-26-1 C10H18N2O5
    β-Asp-Leu
    —— Celestine blue 1562-90-9 C17H18N3O4.Cl
    Celestine blue
    —— N-Ethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methoxyaniline sodium salt monohydrate 82611-88-9 C12H20NNaO5S
    N-Ethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methoxyaniline sodium salt monohydrate
    —— N-[2-[(2Z)-2-[1-(3-bromophenyl)ethylidene]hydrazinyl]-2-oxo-1-(4-oxo-3H-phthalazin-1-yl)ethyl]benzamide 916170-19-9 C25H20BrN5O3
    N-[2-[(2Z)-2-[1-(3-bromophenyl)ethylidene]hydrazinyl]-2-oxo-1-(4-oxo-3H-phthalazin-1-yl)ethyl]benzamide
    —— Spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one,4',5'-dibromo-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',7'-dinitro-, disodium salt 548-24-3 C20H8Br2N2NaO9
    Spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one,4',5'-dibromo-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',7'-dinitro-, disodium salt
    —— HEX phosphoramidite, 6-isomer 1360547-55-2 C46H52Cl6N3O10P
    HEX phosphoramidite, 6-isomer
    —— D-Phenylalanyl-D-tyrosine 17355-18-9 C18H20N2O4
    D-Phenylalanyl-D-tyrosine
    —— Reflex Blue AGL 1324-76-1 C37H31N3O4S
    Reflex Blue AGL
    —— sodium salt of 1-(1,2,3,5,6,7-Hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl)-3-[4-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-furan-2-sulfonyl]-urea 256373-96-3 C20H23N2O5S*Na
    sodium salt of 1-(1,2,3,5,6,7-Hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl)-3-[4-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)-furan-2-sulfonyl]-urea
    —— (2S)-2-deuterio-2-(trideuteriomethyl)spiro[1,3-oxathiolane-5,3'-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane];hydrochloride 107220-28-0 C10H18ClNOS
    (2S)-2-deuterio-2-(trideuteriomethyl)spiro[1,3-oxathiolane-5,3'-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane];hydrochloride
    —— Sodium bis(2-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanesulfonate) 103404-87-1 C16H34N4NaO8S2-
    Sodium bis(2-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanesulfonate)
    —— 1-[(8-Amino-3,7-dimethyl-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-olate--hydrogen chloride (1/1) 4569-88-4 C30H24ClN5O
    1-[(8-Amino-3,7-dimethyl-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2-yl)diazenyl]naphthalen-2-olate--hydrogen chloride (1/1)
    —— 6226-79-5 C22H16N4NaO13S4
    —— 25956-17-6 C18H16N2NaO8S2
    —— N-(3-Methylbutanoyl)alanyl-N-[4-(difluoromethyl)-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl]-alpha-asparagine 219137-85-6 C22H25F2N3O7
    N-(3-Methylbutanoyl)alanyl-N-[4-(difluoromethyl)-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl]-alpha-asparagine
    —— 5141-20-8 C37H36N2NaO9S3
    —— Fmoc-asp-odmab 172611-77-7 C39H42N2O8
    Fmoc-asp-odmab