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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Aloesaponarin II 1390-65-4 C22H20O13
    Aloesaponarin II
    —— 5α-cholestan-3-one 566-88-1 C27H46O
    5α-cholestan-3-one
    —— Arg-Asp 15706-88-4 C10H19N5O5
    Arg-Asp
    —— tandospirone citrate 112457-95-1 C6H8O7*C21H29N5O2
    tandospirone citrate
    —— sodium tauroursodeoxycholate 35807-85-3 C26H44NO6S*Na
    sodium tauroursodeoxycholate
    —— methylprednisolone sodium succinate 2375-03-3 C26H33O8*Na
    methylprednisolone sodium succinate
    —— Pigment Red 3 2425-85-6 C17H13N3O3
    Pigment Red 3
    —— (4E)-4-(Hydroxyimino)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-on e 17302-61-3 C10H13NO2
    (4E)-4-(Hydroxyimino)-2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadien-1-on e
    —— Nortropine 538-09-0 C7H13NO
    Nortropine
    —— {(2R)-2-[4-(4-{2-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl}phenyl)phenyl]-propyl}[(methylethyl)sulfonyl]amine 375345-95-2 C21H30N2O4S2
    {(2R)-2-[4-(4-{2-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]ethyl}phenyl)phenyl]-propyl}[(methylethyl)sulfonyl]amine
    —— (R)-3-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid 117918-23-7 C11H19NO4S
    (R)-3-tert-butoxycarbonyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid
    —— methyl orange 547-58-0 C14H14N3O3S*Na
    methyl orange
    —— Mc-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE 646502-53-6 C68H105N11O15
    Mc-Val-Cit-PAB-MMAE
    —— 2-(3-(6-(2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylamino)-2-methoxy-pyrimidin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid 885066-67-1 C23H23Cl2N3O3
    2-(3-(6-(2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylamino)-2-methoxy-pyrimidin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
    —— zinc trifluoromethanesulfinate 39971-65-8 C2F6O4S2Zn
    zinc trifluoromethanesulfinate
    —— OSU-T315 1333146-24-9 C30H30F3N5O
    OSU-T315
    —— sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] 197723-00-5 C14H12Cl4N4Ru*Na
    sodium trans-[tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)]
    —— NAEPA 24435-25-4 C20H40NO5P
    NAEPA
    —— Fagomin 53185-12-9 C6H13NO3
    Fagomin
    —— Pregnandiol 80-89-7 C21H36O2
    Pregnandiol
    —— 2-(2,6-Diaminohexanoylamino)-3-methylbutanoic acid 20556-11-0 C11H23N3O3
    2-(2,6-Diaminohexanoylamino)-3-methylbutanoic acid
    —— Fmoc-2-amino-3-methoxypropionic acid 215189-51-8 C19H19NO5
    Fmoc-2-amino-3-methoxypropionic acid
    —— Valyl-glutamin 42854-54-6 C10H19N3O4
    Valyl-glutamin
    —— H-Arg-Leu-OH 1188-24-5 C12H25N5O3
    H-Arg-Leu-OH
    —— Isoleucyl-Phenylalanine 22951-98-0 C15H22N2O3
    Isoleucyl-Phenylalanine
    —— 1,4,5,6,8-Pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine 61966-08-3 C13H17N6O7P
    1,4,5,6,8-Pentaazaacenaphthylen-3-amine
    —— 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid methyl ester 3373-59-9 C5H11NO3
    2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid methyl ester
    —— Eltrombopag 496775-61-2 C25H22N4O4
    Eltrombopag
    —— Glutamylvaline 5879-06-1 C10H18N2O5
    Glutamylvaline
    —— Behenoyl-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine 55726-47-1 C31H55N3O6
    Behenoyl-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine
    —— 4-amino-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)-1H-pyrimidin-2-one 145918-75-8 C8H11N3O4
    4-amino-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-4-yl)-1H-pyrimidin-2-one
    —— 4-[(Diphenyl-p-tolyl-methyl)-amino]-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-butyric acid 851392-68-2 C39H36N2O4
    4-[(Diphenyl-p-tolyl-methyl)-amino]-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-butyric acid
    —— Brilliant Black BN 2519-30-4 C28H21N5O14S4
    Brilliant Black BN
    —— isoleucylalanine 24787-73-3 C9H18N2O3
    isoleucylalanine
    —— 2-hydroxy-3-[11-hydroxy-2-[4-[4-hydroxy-2-[1-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl)butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-methylpropanoic acid 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    2-hydroxy-3-[11-hydroxy-2-[4-[4-hydroxy-2-[1-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl)butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-methylpropanoic acid
    —— sobetirome 211110-63-3 C20H24O4
    sobetirome
    —— Prolyl-glutaminsaeure 67644-00-2 C10H16N2O5
    Prolyl-glutaminsaeure
    —— neocryptolepine 114414-78-7 C16H12N2
    neocryptolepine
    —— DL-Val-DL-Ile 20556-14-3 C11H22N2O3
    DL-Val-DL-Ile
    —— cholestan-3-one 566-88-1 C27H46O
    cholestan-3-one
    —— <i>N</i><sup>α</sup>-phenylalanyl-arginine 1238-09-1 C15H23N5O3
    <i>N</i><sup>α</sup>-phenylalanyl-arginine
    —— [13,20,22-Trihydroxy-8,14-dimethoxy-4,10,12,16-tetramethyl-3-oxo-19-(prop-2-enylamino)-2-azabicyclo[16.3.1]docosa-1(21),4,6,10,18(22),19-hexaen-9-yl] carbamate 857402-23-4 C31H45N3O8
    [13,20,22-Trihydroxy-8,14-dimethoxy-4,10,12,16-tetramethyl-3-oxo-19-(prop-2-enylamino)-2-azabicyclo[16.3.1]docosa-1(21),4,6,10,18(22),19-hexaen-9-yl] carbamate
    —— cyclo[DL-Asp-DL-Leu-DL-Leu-ObAla(3-isododecyl)-DL-Glu-DL-Leu-DL-Leu-DL-Val] 24730-31-2 C53H93N7O13
    cyclo[DL-Asp-DL-Leu-DL-Leu-ObAla(3-isododecyl)-DL-Glu-DL-Leu-DL-Leu-DL-Val]
    —— <i>N</i><sup>2</sup>-leucyl-asparagine 14608-81-2 C10H19N3O4
    <i>N</i><sup>2</sup>-leucyl-asparagine
    —— isoindigo 476-34-6 C16H10N2O2
    isoindigo
    —— 1-[6-amino-9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]purin-2-yl]-N-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide 313348-27-5 C15H18N8O5
    1-[6-amino-9-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]purin-2-yl]-N-methylpyrazole-4-carboxamide
    —— Trp-Leu 13123-35-8 C17H23N3O3
    Trp-Leu
    —— Gdp fucose 15839-70-0 C16H25N5O15P2
    Gdp fucose
    —— 2-((((9h-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(methylsulfonyl)butanoic acid 163437-14-7 C20H21NO6S
    2-((((9h-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)-4-(methylsulfonyl)butanoic acid
    —— L-Alanine, N-L-alpha-glutamyl- 21064-18-6 C8H14N2O5
    L-Alanine, N-L-alpha-glutamyl-