生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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N-{4-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]苯基}-4-甲基-1,2,3-噻二唑-5-甲酰胺 | BTP-2 | 223499-30-7 | C15H9F6N5OS |
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N-fmoc-4-羟基哌啶 | 9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl 4-hydroxy-1-piperidinecarboxylate | 351184-42-4 | C20H21NO3 |
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N-[苄氧羰基]-L-色氨酸苄酯 | (S)-benzyl 2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoate | 69876-37-5 | C26H24N2O4 |
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N-[芴甲氧羰基]-O-(三苯基甲基)-D-丝氨酸 | Fmoc-D-Ser(Trt)-OH | 212688-51-2 | C37H31NO5 |
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N-[芴甲氧羰基]-N-甲基-L-色氨酸 | Fmoc-Nalpha-methyl-L-tryptophan | 112913-63-0 | C27H24N2O4 |
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N-[芴甲氧羰基]-N-[[2-[[芴甲氧羰基]氧基]-4-甲氧基苯基]甲基]-L-丙氨酸 | (S)-2-{(9H-Fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-[2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyloxy)-4-methoxy-benzyl]-amino}-propionic acid | 148515-85-9 | C41H35NO8 |
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N-[芴甲氧羰基]-D-缬氨酸五氟苯基酯 | Fmoc-D-Val-OPfp | 125043-10-9 | C26H20F5NO4 |
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N-[芴甲氧羰基]-D-天冬氨酸甲酯 | α-methyl (2R)-N-(fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)aspartate | 368443-82-7 | C20H19NO6 |
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N-[芴甲氧羰基]-1-[(4-甲氧基苯基)二苯基甲基]-L-组氨酸 | Fmoc-His(Mmt)-OH | 133367-33-6 | C41H35N3O5 |
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N-[叔丁氧羰基]-N-甲基-O-苄基-D-酪氨酸 | Boc-D-MeTyr(Bzl)-OH | 138774-98-8 | C22H27NO5 |
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N-[叔丁氧羰基]-N-甲基-O-甲基-L-酪氨酸二环己基铵盐 | Boc-Metyr(Me)-OH DCHA | 135103-27-4 | C12H23N*C16H23NO5 |
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N-[叔丁氧羰基]-N-甲基-D-异亮氨酸 | Boc-N-me-DIle-OH | 267223-87-0 | C12H23NO4 |
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N-[叔丁氧羰基]-L-谷氨酸苄酯(二环己基铵)盐 | dicyclohexylamine salt of α-benzyl Boc-glutamate | 30924-91-5 | C12H23N*C17H23NO6 |
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N-[叔丁氧羰基]-3-[[(4-甲基苯基)甲基]硫基]-D-缬氨酸二环己基铵盐 | Boc-D-Pen(pMeBzl)-OH.DCHA | 198470-36-9 | C30H50N2O4S |
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N-[双(4-甲氧基苯基)甲基]-4-羟基-2-哒嗪-3-基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺 | N-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl)-6-oxo-2-(pyridazin-3-yl)-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxamide | 1187990-87-9 | C24H21N5O4 |
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N-[二(氮丙啶-1-基)磷酰]-4-氟-苯甲酰胺 | <i>N</i>-(bis-aziridin-1-yl-phosphinoyl)-4-fluoro-benzamide | 726-92-1 | C11H13FN3O2P |
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N-[[3-[5-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-1,2,4-恶二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]-2-(2-吡啶基)-5-嘧啶甲酰胺 | 2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid 3-[5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1,2,4]oxadiazol-3-yl-benzylamide | 1234708-04-3 | C22H20N6O3 |
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N-[[(5S)-3-[3-氟-4-[4-(2-羟基乙酰基)-1-哌嗪基]苯基]-2-氧代-5-噁唑烷基]甲基]-乙酰胺 | eperezolid | 165800-04-4 | C18H23FN4O5 |
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N-[[(4-氨基苯基)氨基]硫代甲酰基]-4-(叔丁基)苯甲酰胺 | 4-(tert-butyl)-N-((4-aminophenyl)thiocarbamyl)benzamide | 1011301-27-1 | C18H21N3OS |
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N-[8-[[(2R)-2-羟基-3-(吗啉-4-基)丙基]氧基]-7-甲氧基-2,3-二氢咪唑并[1,2-C]喹唑啉-5-基]-2-甲基吡啶-3-甲酰胺 | N-[8-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-morpholin-4-ylpropoxy]-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-5-ylidene]-2-methylpyridine-3-carboxamide | 1375469-38-7 | C25H30N6O5 |
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N-[7-氯-1-[(3R)-1-[(2E)-4-(二甲基氨基)-1-氧代-2-丁烯-1-基]六氢-1H-氮杂革-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]-2-甲基-4-吡啶羧酰胺 | (R,E)-N-(7-chloro-1-(1-(4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl)azepan-3-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2-methylisonicotinamide | 1508250-71-2 | C26H31ClN6O2 |
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N-[6-甲氧基-5-(2-甲氧基苯氧基)-2-(4-吡啶基)-4-嘧啶基]-5-甲基吡啶-2-磺酰胺 | Avosentan | 290815-26-8 | C23H21N5O5S |
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N-[6-(2,5-二氢-2,5-二氧基-1H-吡咯醇-1-基)-1-氧己基]甘酰甘氨酰-1-苯基丙氨酸 | (2S)-2-(2-[2-[6-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)hexanamido]acetamido]acetamido)-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 1599440-15-9 | C23H28N4O7 |
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N-[5-[[[5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-2-恶唑基]甲基]硫基]-2-噻唑基]-4-哌啶甲酰胺L-酒石酸盐(2:1) | N-[5-[[[5-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl]methyl]thio]-2-thiazolyl]-4-piperidinecarboxamide L-tartaric acid salt (2:1) | 345627-92-1 | C38H54N8O10S4 |
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N-[5-[[6-[3-(1,3-二氧代异吲哚-2-基)苯基]嘧啶-4-基]氨基]-2-甲基苯基]甲烷磺酰胺 | Cdk9-IN-1 | 1415559-43-1 | C26H21N5O4S |
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N-[5-[3-(3-羟基-1-哌啶基)-1,2,4-恶二唑-5-基]-4-甲基-2-噻唑基]乙酰胺 | N-{5-[3-(3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}acetamide | 1292300-75-4 | C13H17N5O3S |
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N-[5-[(1-甲基乙基)氨基]-7-(三氟甲基)[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-2-基]-3-吡啶甲酰胺 | N-[5-(isopropylamino)-7-(trifluoromethyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]nicotinamide | 1124381-69-6 | C16H15F3N6O |
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N-[5-(氨基磺酰基)-4-甲基-1,3-噻唑-2-基]-N-甲基-2-(4-吡啶-2-基苯基)乙酰胺 | N-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-N-methyl-2-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-phenyl]acetamide | 348086-71-5 | C18H18N4O3S2 |
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N-[5-(5-氰基-3-噻吩基)-2-甲基苯基]-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺 | N-[5-(5-cyano-thiophen-3-yl)-2-methyl-phenyl]-4-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide | 1233948-61-2 | C19H16N2O3S2 |
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N-[5-(5-氰基-2-噻吩基)-2-甲基苯基]-4-甲基苯磺酰胺 | N-[5-(5-cyano-thiophen-2-yl)-2-methyl-phenyl]-4-methyl-benzenesulfonamide | 1233948-35-0 | C19H16N2O2S2 |
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N-[5-(4-氰基苯基)-1H-吡咯并[2,3-B]吡啶-3-基]-3-吡啶甲酰胺 | N-[5-(4-cyanophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl]pyridine-3-carboxamide | 1093222-27-5 | C20H13N5O |
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N-[4-氯-3-[5-(二甲基氨基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]苯基]-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲酰胺 | HhAntag | 496794-70-8 | C24H23ClN4O3 |
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N-[4-氯-2-[(1,3-二氢-1,3-二氧代-2H-异吲哚-2-基)甲基]苯基]-2-羟基苯甲酰胺 | CPPHA | 693288-97-0 | C22H15ClN2O4 |
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N-[4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-N'-[5-(4-吡啶基)-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基]脲 | ML216 | 1430213-30-1 | C15H9F4N5OS |
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N-[4-乙酰基-2-(2,4-二氟苯氧基)苯基]-甲烷磺酰胺 | N-[4-acetyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]methanesulfonamide | 116686-15-8 | C15H13F2NO4S |
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N-[4-[[[[四氢-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2H-吡喃-4-基]甲基]氨基]羰基]苯基]-2-呋喃甲酰胺 | JW55 | 664993-53-7 | C25H26N2O5 |
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N-[4-[[[[5-(叔丁基)-3-异恶唑基]氨基]羰基]氨基]苯基]-5-[(1-乙基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)氧基]-2-吡啶甲酰胺 | N-(4-(3-(5-tert-butylisoxazol-3-yl)ureido)phenyl)-5-(1-ethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yloxy)picolinamide | 1351522-04-7 | C31H42N6O4 |
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N-[4-[[6-[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]-4-嘧啶基]氧基]-2-苯并噻唑基]乙酰胺 | N-[4-[[6-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy]-2-benzothiazolyl]acetamide | 659730-32-2 | C20H13F3N4O2S |
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N-[4-[[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苯基)甲氧基]苯基]氨基]-6-喹唑啉]-2-丙酰胺 | N-(4-(4-(3-fluorobenzyloxy)-3-chlorophenylamino)quinazolin-6-yl)acrylamide | 897383-62-9 | C24H18ClFN4O2 |
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N-[4-[4-氨基-6-(甲氧基甲基)-7-(4-吗啉基甲基)吡咯并[2,1-f][1,2,4]三嗪-5-基]-2-氟苯基]-N'-[2-氟-5-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲 | N-{4-[4-amino-6-(methoxymethyl)-7-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-5-yl]-2-fluorophenyl}-N'-[2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea | 939805-30-8 | C27H26F5N7O3 |
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N-[4-[2,2,2-三氟-1-羟基-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]-2-噻吩磺酰胺 | SR3335 | 293753-05-6 | C13H9F6NO3S2 |
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N-[4-[1-[反式-4-(4-乙酰基-1-哌嗪基)环己基]-4-氨基-1H-吡唑并[3,4-D]嘧啶-3-基]-2-甲氧基苯基]-1-甲基-1H-吲哚-2-甲酰胺 | 1H-Indole-2-carboxamide, N-(4-(1-(trans-4-(4-acetyl-1-piperazinyl)cyclohexyl)-4-amino-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-3-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyl- | 869748-10-7 | C34H39N9O3 |
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N-[4-[(6,7-二甲氧基-4-喹啉基)氧基]-2-甲氧基苯基]-N’-[1-(2-噻唑基)乙基]脲 | Ki20227 | 623142-96-1 | C24H24N4O5S |
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N-[4-[(2-氨基-4-嘧啶基)氧基]苯基]-N'-[4-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)甲基]-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲 | K03861 | 853299-07-7 | C24H26F3N7O2 |
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N-[4-[(1S)-1-[3,5-二甲基-4-[4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]苯氧基]丁基]苯甲酰基]-beta-丙氨酸 | (S)-3-(4-(1-(3,5-dimethyl-4-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenoxy)butyl)benzamido)propanoic acid | 1393124-08-7 | C26H28F3N3O4 |
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N-[4-[(1R)-2-乙基-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁基]苯基]-2-苯并噻唑胺 | (R)-Talarozole | 870093-23-5 | C21H23N5S |
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N-[4-[(1R)-1-甲基-2-[[异丙基磺酰基]氨基]乙基]苯基]-3,5-二氟苯基甲酰胺 | LY 450108 | 376594-67-1 | C19H22F2N2O3S |
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N-[4,6-二氨基-2-[1-[(2-氟苯基)甲基]-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-3-基]-5-嘧啶]-氨基甲酸甲酯 | methyl 4,6-diamino-2-(1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-5-ylcarbamate | 625115-52-8 | C19H17FN8O2 |
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N-[3-氟-4-[[1-甲基-6-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基]氧基]苯基]-1-(4-氟苯基)-1,2-二氢-6-甲基-2-氧代-3-吡啶甲酰胺二盐酸盐 | Merestinib dihydrochloride | 1206801-37-7 | C30H24Cl2F2N6O3 |
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N-[3-氟-4-[[1-甲基-6-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基]氧基]苯基]-1-(4-氟苯基)-1,2-二氢-6-甲基-2-氧代-3-吡啶甲酰胺 | merestinib | 1206799-15-6 | C30H22F2N6O3 |
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