生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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FMOC-(2R,4S)-4-羟基吡咯烷-2-羧酸 | N-Fmoc 4-hydroxypropline | 139262-20-7 | C20H19NO5 |
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EZATIOSTAT游离的 | γ-glutamyl-S-(benzyl)cysteinyl-(R)-(-)-phenylglycine diethyl ester | 168682-53-9 | C27H35N3O6S |
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ERRΒ/Γ激动剂(GSK-4716) | (E)-N'-(4-(diethylamino)benzylidene)-4-hydroxybenzohydrazide | 95167-41-2 | C18H21N3O2 |
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EMD638683 (形态 S); (alphaS)-3,5-二氟-alpha-羟基苯乙酸 2-(2-乙基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯甲酰基)肼 | N'-[(S)-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetyl]-2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzohydrazide | 1184940-46-2 | C18H18F2N2O4 |
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EMD638683 (形态 R); (alphaR)-3,5-二氟-alpha-羟基苯乙酸 2-(2-乙基-4-羟基-3-甲基苯甲酰基)肼 | N'-[(R)-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetyl]-2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzohydrazide | 1184940-47-3 | C18H18F2N2O4 |
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EMD 534085; N-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]-N'-[[(2R,4aS,5R,10bS)-3,4,4a,5,6,10b-六氢-5-苯基-9-(三氟甲基)-2H-吡喃并[3,2-c]喹啉-2-基]甲基]脲 | EMD 534085 | 858668-07-2 | C25H31F3N4O2 |
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Decernotinib(VX-509)抑制剂 | (R)-2-((2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-methyl-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)butanamide | 944842-54-0 | C18H19F3N6O |
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DL-青霉胺 | DL-Penicillamin | 52-66-4 | C5H11NO2S |
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DL-脯氨酰胺 | pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid amide | 2812-47-7 | C5H10N2O |
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DL-肉碱盐酸盐 | dl-carnitine hydrochloride | 461-05-2 | C7H16NO3*Cl |
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DL-肉碱 | L-carnitine | 406-76-8 | C7H15NO3 |
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DL-犬尿氨酸 | Kynurenine | 343-65-7 | C10H12N2O3 |
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DL-丙氨酰-DL-丝氨酸 | <i>N</i>-L-alanyl-L-serine | 3303-41-1 | C6H12N2O4 |
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D-赤式-二氢-D-鞘氨醇 | (2S,3R)-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol | 764-22-7 | C18H39NO2 |
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D-苏式-鞘胺醇-1-磷酸 | Sphingosine-1-phosphate | 26993-30-6 | C18H38NO5P |
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D-色氨酸乙酯 | D-Trp-OEt | 74126-25-3 | C13H16N2O2 |
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D-精氨酰-2,6-二甲基-L-酪氨酰-L-赖氨酰-L-苯丙氨酰胺 | D-Arg-2'6'-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH<sub>2</sub> | 736992-21-5 | C32H49N9O5 |
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D-木糖酸-gamma-内酯 | D-xylono-1,4-lactone | 15384-37-9 | C5H8O5 |
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D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甲酯 1,2,3,4-四乙酸酯 | methyl 1,2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-α,β-D-glucopyranosyluronate | 3082-96-0 | C15H20O11 |
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D-2-氨基-3-(3-甲基咪唑-4-基)丙酸 | 3-methyl-D-histidine | 163750-76-3 | C7H11N3O2 |
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Cytochrome鎐frompigeonbreastmuscle | 1-Chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethene;1,1-difluoroethene | 9010-75-7 | C4H2ClF5 |
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Ciproxidine; 1-[3-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙氧基]丙基]哌啶盐酸盐 | pitolisant hydrochloride | 903576-44-3 | C17H26ClNO*ClH |
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CY7-N-羟基琥珀酰胺酯 | Cy7 NHS ester | 477908-53-5 | C39H45N3O10S2 |
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CY3NS,酸 | 2-[3-(1,3,3-trimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-ylidene)-1-propenyl]-3,3-dimethyl-1-(5-carboxypentyl)-3H-indolium chloride | 1032678-01-5 | C30H37N2O2*Cl |
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CY3-NHS酯 | Cy3 N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester | 146368-16-3 | C35H41N3O10S2 |
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CP640186抑制剂 | (3R)-1'-(9-anthrylcarbonyl)-3-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl)-1,4'-bipiperidine | 591778-68-6 | C30H35N3O3 |
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CO-1686氢溴酸盐 | Rociletinib hydrobromide | 1446700-26-0 | 2BrH*C27H28F3N7O3 |
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CGP 60474; 3-[[4-[2-[(3-氯苯基)氨基]-4-嘧啶基]-2-吡啶基]氨基]-1-丙醇 | CGP-60474 | 164658-13-3 | C18H18ClN5O |
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CFI-400945游离态 | (1R,2S)-(E)-2-(3-(4-((cis-2,6-dimethylmorpholino)methyl)styryl)-1H-indazol-6-yl)-5‘-methoxyspiro[cyclopropane-1,3’-indolin]-2-one | 1338806-73-7 | C33H34N4O3 |
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CEP-32496(盐酸盐) | 1-[3-(6,7-dimethoxy-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-phenyl]-3-[5-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1,1-dimethylethyl)isoxazol-3-yl]urea hydrochloride | 1227678-26-3 | C24H22F3N5O5*ClH |
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CDP-Star化学发光底物 | disodium;[4-chloro-3-[(3S,5R)-1-chloro-3'-methoxyspiro[adamantane-4,4'-dioxetane]-3'-yl]phenyl] phosphate | 160081-62-9 | C18H19Cl2Na2O7P |
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CCT 241533; (3R,4S)-4-[[2-(5-氟-2-羟基苯基)-6,7-二甲氧基-4-喹唑啉基]氨基]-alpha,alpha-二甲基-3-吡咯烷甲醇 | CCT241533 | 1262849-73-9 | C23H27FN4O4 |
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CB 300919; 4-[[[7-氯-3,4-二氢-3-甲基-2-[(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)甲基]-4-氧代-6-喹唑啉基]甲基]-2-丙炔-1-基氨基]-N-(3-吡啶基甲基)苯甲酰胺 | CB 300919 | 289715-28-2 | C32H34ClN7O2 |
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Buparlisib盐酸盐 | 5-(2,6-dimorpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-ylamine hydrochloride | 1312445-63-8 | C18H21F3N6O2*ClH |
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Boc-顺式-4-氨基环己烷 乙酸 | 2-(4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexyl)acetic acid | 327156-95-6 | C13H23NO4 |
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Boc-反式-3-羟基-l-脯氨酸 | (2S,3S)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | 187039-57-2 | C10H17NO5 |
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Boc-保护氨基酸 | (S)-tert-butyl 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate | 18938-60-8 | C18H27NO5 |
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Boc-β-氯-L-丙氨酸 | (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-chloropropanoic acid | 71404-98-3 | C8H14ClNO4 |
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Boc-s-二苯基甲基-l-半胱氨酸 | N-(t-butyloxycarbonyl)-S-(diphenylmethyl)-L-cysteine | 21947-97-7 | C21H25NO4S |
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Boc-s-乙酰氨基甲基-d-青霉胺 | Boc-D-Pen(Acm)-OH | 201421-14-9 | C13H24N2O5S |
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Boc-s-三苯甲游基-l-高半胱氨酸 | N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-S-trityl-L-homocysteine | 201419-16-1 | C28H31NO4S |
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Boc-alpha-烯丙基-l-丙氨酸 | (R)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpent-4-enoic acid | 129786-68-1 | C11H19NO4 |
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Boc-S-三苯甲游基-L-青霉胺 | Boc-pen(trt)-OH | 135592-13-1 | C29H33NO4S |
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Boc-S-三苯甲游基-D-青霉胺 | N-Boc-S-trityl-D-Pen-OH | 135592-14-2 | C29H33NO4S |
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Boc-S-(4-甲氧苄基)-L-青霉胺 | N-tertbutyloxycarbonyl-S-p-methoxybenzyl-L-penicillamine | 120944-75-4 | C18H27NO5S |
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Boc-S-(4-甲氧苄基)-D-青霉胺 | Boc-<sup>D</sup>Pen(MBzl)-OH | 106306-57-4 | C18H27NO5S |
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Boc-O-苄基-L-β-高酪氨酸 | N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-(O-benzyl)-L-β-homotyrosine | 126825-16-9 | C22H27NO5 |
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Boc-L-丙氨酰胺 | tert-butyl (1S)-2-amino-1-methyl-2-oxoethylcarbamate | 85642-13-3 | C8H16N2O3 |
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Boc-L-2-氨基己二酸 | N<sup>α</sup>-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-α-aminoadipic acid | 77302-72-8 | C11H19NO6 |
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Boc-DL-2-氨基庚二酸 | 2-[[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]amino]heptanedioic acid | 1027776-55-1 | C12H21NO6 |
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