生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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9-吖啶羧酸 | acridine-9-carboxylic acid | 5336-90-3 | C14H9NO2 |
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9-[(R)-2-(磷酰甲氧基)丙基]腺嘌呤 | tenofovir monohydrate | 206184-49-8 | C9H14N5O4P*H2O |
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9-(6-氨基-3-吡啶基)-1-[4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯并[H]-1,6-萘啶-2(1H)-酮 | 9-(6-aminopyridin-3-yl)-1-(4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzo[h][1,6]naphthyridin-2(1H)-one | 1223002-54-7 | C24H14F4N4O |
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9,11-二脱氧基-9α,11α-亚甲基环氧前列腺素 F2α溶液 | (Z)-7-((1R,4S,5S,6R)-6-((E)-(3S)-hydroxyoct-1-enyl)-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl)hept-5-enoic acid | 56985-40-1 | C21H34O4 |
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8-环戊基-7,8-二氢-2-[[4-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基)苯基]氨基]-7-氧代-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-甲腈 | 8-cyclopentyl-2-[4-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-phenylamino]-7-oxo-7,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile | 1357470-29-1 | C24H27N7O |
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8-异前列腺素F2Alpha | 8-isoprostane | 27415-26-5 | C20H34O5 |
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8-[(E)-[3-[(E)-(2,4-二苯基-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并吡喃-1-鎓-8-亚基)甲基]环己-2-烯-1-亚基]甲基]-2,4-二苯基-6,7-二氢-5H-苯并吡喃高氯酸盐 | 8-[(E)-[3-[(2,4-diphenyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-chromen-1-ium-8-ylidene)methyl]cyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene]methyl]-2,4-diphenyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-chromene;perchlorate | 61010-01-3 | C50H43O2*ClO4 |
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8-[(1R)-1-[(3,5-二氟苯基)氨基]乙基]-N,N-二甲基-2-(4-吗啉基)-4-氧代-4H-1-苯并吡喃-6-甲酰胺 | AZD8186 | 1627494-13-6 | C24H25F2N3O4 |
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8-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4-(4-氟-2-甲苯基)-2-[[2-羟基-1-(羟基甲基)乙基]氨基]-吡啶并[2,3-d]嘧啶-7(8H)-酮 | dilmapimod | 444606-18-2 | C23H19F3N4O3 |
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8,9-二氯-2,3,4,4a-四氢-1H-吡嗪并[1,2-a]喹喔啉-5(6H)-盐酸盐 | 8,9-Dichloro-2,3,4,4A-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazino[1,2-A]quinoxalin-5(6H)-one hydrochloride | 75704-24-4 | C11H12Cl3N3O |
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8,8'-(1'-乙酰基螺[9H-芴-9,4'-哌啶]-2,7-二基)二[2,6-脱水-7,8-二脱氧-D-甘油型-D-甘露-辛-7-炔糖醇] | 1-[2,7-bis[2-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]ethynyl]spiro[fluorene-9,4'-piperidine]-1'-yl]ethanone | 1616113-45-1 | C35H39NO11 |
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7-羟基-4-甲基-3-香豆素乙酸N-琥珀酰亚胺酯 | N-succinimidyl (7-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-coumarinyl)acetate | 96735-88-5 | C16H13NO7 |
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7-甲氧基香豆素-3-羧酸 | 7-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid | 20300-59-8 | C11H8O5 |
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7-甲氧基异黄酮 | 7-methoxyisoflavone | 1621-56-3 | C16H12O3 |
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7-甲基-4-二氢色原酮 | 7-methylchroman-4-one | 18385-69-8 | C10H10O2 |
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7-环戊基-N,N-二甲基-2-[[5-(1-哌嗪基)-2-吡啶基]氨基]-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-甲酰胺盐酸盐 | ribociclib hydrochloride | 1211443-80-9 | C23H30N8O*(x)ClH |
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7-溴靛红 | 7-bromoisatin | 20780-74-9 | C8H4BrNO2 |
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7-氯萘-1-胺 | 7-Chlor-1-amino-naphthalin | 50987-58-1 | C10H8ClN |
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7-氯-9-氧代-9H-茚并[1,2-b]吡嗪-2,3-二甲腈 | HBX 41,108 | 924296-39-9 | C13H3ClN4O |
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7-氯-4-羟基-3-(3-苯氧基)苯基-2(1H)-喹啉 | 7-chloro-4-hydroxy-3-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-2(1H)-quinolone | 142326-59-8 | C21H14ClNO3 |
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7-氯-4-[4-[(4-氯苯基)磺酰基]-1-哌嗪基]喹啉 | 7-chloro-4-{4-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperazin-1-yl}quinoline | 774549-97-2 | C19H17Cl2N3O2S |
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7-氯-3-(4-甲基苯基)-2H-1,4-苯并恶嗪 | 7-chloro-3-(4-methylphenyl)-2 H-1,4-benzoxazine | 80306-38-3 | C15H12ClNO |
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7-氯-2-[3-[[9-(吡啶-4-基)-3,9-二氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷-3-基]羰基]苯基]-2,3-二氢异吲哚-1-酮 | ELN441958 | 913064-47-8 | C29H29ClN4O2 |
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7-氯-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-醇 | 7-chloro-4-indanol | 145-94-8 | C9H9ClO |
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7-氨基-4-甲基香豆素-3-乙酸N-琥珀酰亚胺酯 | 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid succinimidyl ester | 113721-87-2 | C16H14N2O6 |
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7-氨基-3-甲基-8-氧代-5-硫杂-1-氮杂双环[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-甲酸 | 3-deacetyloxy-7-aminocephalosporanic acid | 22252-43-3 | C8H10N2O3S |
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7-氧代-7H-苯并咪唑并[2,1-a]苯并[de]异喹啉-3-羧酸乙酸盐 | STO-609 | 52029-86-4 | C19H10N2O3 |
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7-氟-2,3-二氢-3-氧代-2-[2-(2-吡啶基)乙基]-N-[[4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]甲基]-1H-异吲哚-1-甲酰胺 | 7-fluoro-3-oxo-2-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)-N-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl)isoindoline-1-carboxamide | 1198117-23-5 | C24H19F4N3O3 |
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7-二甲氨基香豆素-4-乙酸 | 7-(dimethylamino)coumarin-4-acetic acid | 80883-54-1 | C13H13NO4 |
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7-乙酰氧基香豆素 | 7-acetyloxycoumarin | 10387-49-2 | C11H8O4 |
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7-乙氧基-4-(三氟甲基)香豆素 | 7-ethoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-chromen-2-one | 115453-82-2 | C12H9F3O3 |
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7-乙氧基-3H-吩恶嗪-3-酮 | ethoxyresorufin | 5725-91-7 | C14H11NO3 |
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7-[2-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙氧基]乙氧基]-2-(六氢-4-甲基-1H-1,4-二氮杂卓-1-基)-6-甲氧基-N-(1-甲基-4-哌啶基)-4-喹唑啉胺 | 7-(2-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)ethoxy)-6-methoxy-2-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)quinazolin-4-amine | 1238673-32-9 | C27H45N7O3 |
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7-[2-(环丙基甲氧基)-6-羟基苯基]-1,4-二氢-5-(3S)-3-哌啶基-2H-吡啶并[2,3-D][1,3]恶嗪-2-酮 | Bay 65-1942 (free base) | 600734-02-9 | C22H25N3O4 |
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7-[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-二羟基-5-(羟甲基)-2-吡咯烷基]-3,5-二氢-4H-吡咯并[3,2-D]嘧啶-4-酮 | forodesine | 209799-67-7 | C11H14N4O4 |
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7-TFA-AP-7-DEAZA-双脱氧腺苷 | 7-deaza-2',3'-dideoxy-7-(3-trifluoroacetamidopropyn-1-yl)adenosine | 114748-71-9 | C16H16F3N5O3 |
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7-(氯二氟甲基)-5-(2-呋喃基)-N-(2-噻吩基甲基)吡唑并[1,5-A]嘧啶-2-甲酰胺 | Anguizole | 442666-98-0 | C17H11ClF2N4O2S |
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7-(戊氧基)-3H-吩噁嗪-3-酮 | pentoxyresorufin | 87687-03-4 | C17H17NO3 |
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7-(二乙基氨基)香豆素-3-羧酸 | 7-(diethylamino)coumarin-3-carboxylic acid | 50995-74-9 | C14H15NO4 |
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7-(alpha-苯胺基苄基)-2-甲基-8-喹啉醇 | NSC 66811 | 6964-62-1 | C23H20N2O |
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6ALPHA-乙基-23(S)-甲基胆酸 | (S)-EMCA | 1199796-29-6 | C27H46O5 |
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6-酮前列腺素 | 7-[(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-Dihydroxy-2-((E)-(S)-3-hydroxy-oct-1-enyl)-cyclopentyl]-6-oxo-heptanoic acid | 58962-34-8 | C20H34O6 |
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6-羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺醚 | 6-carboxyfluorescein N-hydroxysuccinimide ester | 92557-81-8 | C25H15NO9 |
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6-羧基荧光素二乙酸酯 | 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate | 3348-03-6 | C25H16O9 |
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6-羧基荧光素 | 6-carboxyfluorescein | 3301-79-9 | C21H12O7 |
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6-羧基四甲基罗丹明 | 6-TAMRA | 91809-67-5 | C25H22N2O5 |
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6-羧基四氯荧光素 | 2',7'-dichloro-5(6)-carboxy-4,7-dichlorofluorescein | 155911-14-1 | C21H8Cl4O7 |
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6-羧基-X-罗丹明 N-琥珀酯 | 6-carboxy-X-rhodamine N-succinimidyl ester | 216699-36-4 | C37H33N3O7 |
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6-羧基-4,5-二氯-2,7-二甲氧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯 | 6-Joe SE | 113394-23-3 | C27H17Cl2NO11 |
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6-碘嘌呤 | 6-iodo-7H-purine | 2545-26-8 | C5H3IN4 |
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