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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— methionylalanine 3061-96-9 C8H16N2O3S
    methionylalanine
    —— (6aR,9aS)-5,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5-methyl-3-(phenylamino)-2-((4-(6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methyl)-cyclopent[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrimidin-4(2H)-one monophosphate 1642303-38-5 C29H26FN7O*H3O4P
    (6aR,9aS)-5,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5-methyl-3-(phenylamino)-2-((4-(6-fluoropyridin-2-yl)phenyl)methyl)-cyclopent[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyrimidin-4(2H)-one monophosphate
    —— Bromochlorophenol Blue, water soluble 102185-52-4 C19H9Br2Cl2O5S-
    Bromochlorophenol Blue, water soluble
    —— 2-Amino-bicyclo<2.2.2>octan 20643-57-6 C8H15N
    2-Amino-bicyclo<2.2.2>octan
    —— (±)-5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatetraenoic acid 845673-97-4 C20H32O4
    (±)-5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatetraenoic acid
    —— Cibinetide 1208243-50-8 C51H84N16O21
    Cibinetide
    —— Unii-1W21G5Q4N2 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    Unii-1W21G5Q4N2
    —— 6-(6-hydroxymethyl pyrimidin-4-yloxy)naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)amide 890128-81-1 C23H16F3N3O3
    6-(6-hydroxymethyl pyrimidin-4-yloxy)naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid (3-trifluoromethyl phenyl)amide
    —— (2R)-3-[(6R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2'R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    (2R)-3-[(6R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2'R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
    —— (<i>S</i>)-<i>p</i>-menthadien-(1.8)-al-(7)-<i>seqcis</i>-oxime 138-91-0 C10H15NO
    (<i>S</i>)-<i>p</i>-menthadien-(1.8)-al-(7)-<i>seqcis</i>-oxime
    —— (+)-perillaldehyde <i>seqcis</i>-oxime 138-91-0 C10H15NO
    (+)-perillaldehyde <i>seqcis</i>-oxime
    —— perillartine 30950-27-7 C10H15NO
    perillartine
    —— (S)-perillaldehyde oxime 138-91-0 C10H15NO
    (S)-perillaldehyde oxime
    —— 8-(2-amino-3-chloro-5-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one 1607837-31-9 C21H23ClN6O
    8-(2-amino-3-chloro-5-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one
    —— UK5099 56396-35-1 C18H12N2O2
    UK5099
    —— Ditaurobilirubin, disodium 68683-34-1 C37H44N6Na2O10S2
    Ditaurobilirubin, disodium
    —— S-1-(3,6-dibromo-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-3-(3-methoxyphenylamino)-propan-2-ol 1235481-43-2 C22H20Br2N2O2
    S-1-(3,6-dibromo-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-3-(3-methoxyphenylamino)-propan-2-ol
    —— (2R)-3-[(2S,8S,11R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2S,4R,4aS,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    (2R)-3-[(2S,8S,11R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2S,4R,4aS,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
    —— (3E)-N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy]-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-3-carboximidoyl chloride 289893-25-0 C14H20ClN3O3
    (3E)-N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy]-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-3-carboximidoyl chloride
    —— Cdk2 inhibitor III 199986-75-9 C20H28N6O3
    Cdk2 inhibitor III
    —— (2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-azaniumyl-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoate 14486-09-0 C10H20N2O3S
    (2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-azaniumyl-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoate
    —— Thr-Asp 108320-97-4 C8H14N2O6
    Thr-Asp
    —— Threonylserine zwitterion 61043-86-5 C7H14N2O5
    Threonylserine zwitterion
    —— (2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-azaniumyl-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoate 96337-79-0 C9H17N3O5
    (2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-azaniumyl-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoate
    —— Asn-Glu 20917-58-2 C9H15N3O6
    Asn-Glu
    —— PQ-OH 18668-08-1 C10H17N3O4
    PQ-OH
    —— (S)-m-fluoromandelic acid 395-05-1 C8H7FO3
    (S)-m-fluoromandelic acid
    —— Poloxin 321688-88-4 C18H19NO3
    Poloxin
    —— Carbobenzoxy-valinyl-phenylalaninal 88191-84-8 C22H26N2O4
    Carbobenzoxy-valinyl-phenylalaninal
    —— 8,9-DHET 192461-96-4 C20H34O4
    8,9-DHET
    —— SU 5402 215543-92-3 C17H16N2O3
    SU 5402
    —— 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroacridin-10-ium-9-amine;chloride;hydrate 206658-92-6 C13H17ClN2O
    1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroacridin-10-ium-9-amine;chloride;hydrate
    —— Dinophysistoxin-1 81720-10-7 C45H70O13
    Dinophysistoxin-1
    —— 4,4'-Bis-[(E)-2-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-vinyl]-biphenyl 40470-68-6 C30H26O2
    4,4'-Bis-[(E)-2-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-vinyl]-biphenyl
    —— (2R)-3-[(2S,6R,8S,11R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2S,2'S,4R,4aS,6R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    (2R)-3-[(2S,6R,8S,11R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2S,2'S,4R,4aS,6R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
    —— substance P 71977-09-8 C63H97N17O14S
    substance P
    —— N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-8-({2-methoxy-4-[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl}amino)-1-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinazoline-3-carboxamide 1202055-34-2 C35H42N8O3
    N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-8-({2-methoxy-4-[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl}amino)-1-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinazoline-3-carboxamide
    —— 2-[[(2R)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]propanoic acid 24046-71-7 C14H17N3O3
    2-[[(2R)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]propanoic acid
    —— propidium iodide 25535-16-4 C27H34N4*2I
    propidium iodide
    —— (2S,3R)-3-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl) ester 281655-32-1 C26H23NO4
    (2S,3R)-3-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethyl) ester
    —— CPI-1205 1621862-70-1 C27H33F3N4O3
    CPI-1205
    —— SA4503 165377-44-6 C23H32N2O2*2ClH
    SA4503
    —— 4-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzaldehyde semicarbazone 181144-66-1 C14H12FN3O2
    4-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzaldehyde semicarbazone
    —— PIK-75 372196-67-3 C16H14BrN5O4S
    PIK-75
    —— Ac-IETD-AFC 211990-57-7 C31H38F3N5O12
    Ac-IETD-AFC
    —— XMD 8-85 1234479-76-5 C25H29N7O2
    XMD 8-85
    —— Glykochenodeoxycholsaeure 640-79-9 C26H43NO5
    Glykochenodeoxycholsaeure
    —— Glykochenodesoxycholsaeure 640-79-9 C26H43NO5
    Glykochenodesoxycholsaeure
    —— PF-4136309 1341224-83-6 C29H31F3N6O3
    PF-4136309
    —— Ala-Thr 1115-34-0 C7H14N2O4
    Ala-Thr