生化试剂(Biochemical reagent)是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物,以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分,主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。
随着生命科学的发展,生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别,品种繁多,达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感,容易丧失活力且保存期较短,因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如,绝大多数酶试剂需在0~5℃下保存,而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。
根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质,生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外,按生物学研究的需求,它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。
不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如,酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种:从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(R)-1-芴甲氧羰基哌啶-3-甲酸 | (R)-1-{[(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}piperidine-3-carboxylic acid | 193693-67-3 | C21H21NO4 |
|
(R)-1-(Boc-氨基)-2-丙醇 | tert-butyl [(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]carbamate | 119768-44-4 | C8H17NO3 |
|
(R)-(-)-3-甲基-2-丁胺 | (2R)-3-methyl-2-butylamine | 34701-33-2 | C5H13N |
|
(R)-(+)-阿替洛尔 | (+)-(R)-atenolol | 56715-13-0 | C14H22N2O3 |
|
(R)-(+)-乙莫克舍钠盐 | 828934-41-4 | C15H19ClNaO4 |
|
|
(Fmoc-氨基)-PEG12-C2-羧酸 | Fmoc-NH-(PEG)12-COOH | 1952360-91-6 | C42H65NO16 |
|
(E)-N5-(氨基{[(2,2,5,7,8-五甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并吡喃-6-基)磺酰基]氨基}亚甲基)-N2-{[(2-甲基-2-丙基)氧基]羰基}-L-鸟氨酸 | Boc-Arg(Pmc)-OH | 200125-12-8 | C25H40N4O7S |
|
(E)-3-甲基-4-氧代-2-丁烯酸 | (E)-3-methyl-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid | 54168-84-2 | C5H6O3 |
|
(E)-3-[4-[(E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基]苯基]-2-丙烯酸 | GDC-0810 | 1365888-06-7 | C26H20ClFN2O2 |
|
(E)-3-[3,5-二氟-4-[(1R,3R)-2-(2-氟-2-甲基丙基)-3-甲基-2,3,4,9-四氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-B]吲哚-1-基]苯基]丙烯酸 | AZD9496 | 1639042-08-2 | C25H25F3N2O2 |
|
(E)-1-[(1S)-1-(4-氟苯基)乙基]-3-[3-甲氧基-4-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)亚苄基]哌啶-2-酮 | (E)-1-[(1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-3-[3-methoxy-4-(4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzylidene]piperidin-2-one | 870843-42-8 | C25H26FN3O2 |
|
(DIPHENYLMETHOXY)GBR-12935,1-(2-乙基)-4-(3-苯丙基)哌嗪 | 1-(2-benzhydryloxy-ethyl)-4-(3-phenyl-propyl)-piperazine | 76778-22-8 | C28H34N2O |
|
(ALPHAS)-ALPHA-[[[5-(3-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-3-吡啶基]氧基]甲基]-(S)-1H-吲哚-3-乙胺 | (2S)-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3-[5-(3-methyl-2H-indazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl]oxypropan-2-amine | 552325-16-3 | C24H23N5O |
|
(ALPHAS)-3'-氯-ALPHA-[[(1S)-2-乙氧基-1-甲基-2-氧代乙基]氨基][1,1'-联苯]-4-丙酸 | (S)-3-(3'-chlorobiphenyl-4-yl)-2-((S)-1-ethoxycarbonylethylamino)propionic acid | 1308256-94-1 | C20H22ClNO4 |
|
(9Z,11E)-13-氧代-9,11-十八碳二烯酸 | 13-oxo-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid | 54739-30-9 | C18H30O3 |
|
(9CI)-5-氯-6-[(2-亚氨基-1-吡咯烷)甲基]-2,4(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮盐酸盐 | 5-chloro-6-[1-(2-iminopyrrolidinyl)methyl]uracil hydrochloride | 183204-72-0 | C9H11ClN4O2*ClH |
|
(8S,10S)-8-乙酰基-7,8,9,10-四氢-6,8,11-三羟基-1-甲氧基-10-[[2,3,6-三脱氧-3-[[[[4-(beta-D-吡喃半乳糖基氧基)-3-硝基苯基]甲氧基]羰基]氨基]-alpha-L-来苏-己糖吡喃糖苷]氧基]-5,12-并四苯醌 | [3-Nitro-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]methyl N-[(2S,3S,4S,6R)-6-[[(1S,3S)-3-acetyl-3,5,12-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-2,4-dihydro-1H-tetracen-1-yl]oxy]-3-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-4-yl]carbamate | 290304-24-4 | C41H44N2O20 |
|
(8R,9S)-5-氟-8-(4-氟苯基)-2,7,8,9-四氢-9-(1-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-3H-吡啶并[4,3,2-de]酞嗪-3-酮 | (8R,9S)-5-fluoro-8-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)-8,9-dihydro-2H-pyrido[4,3 ,2-de] phthalazin-3(7H)-one | 1207456-00-5 | C19H14F2N6O |
|
(6aR)-3-异丙基-1-(甲基磺酰基)-4-[(2E)-4-(1-哌啶基)-2-丁烯酰]六氢吡咯并[3,2-b]吡咯-2(1H)-酮盐酸盐(1:1) | Pyrrolo(3,2-b)pyrrol-2(1H)-one, hexahydro-3-(1-methylethyl)-1-(methylsulfonyl)-4-((2E)-1-oxo-4-(1-piperidinyl)-2-butenyl)-, (3S,3aS,6aR)- | 198062-54-3 | C19H31N3O4S |
|
(6R)-6-[[[(4-氯苯基)磺酰基]氨基]-5,6,7,8-四氢-2-甲基-1-萘丙酸 | Terutroban | 165538-40-9 | C20H22ClNO4S |
|
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-环丙基-5,8,11,14-二十碳四烯酰胺 | arachidonylcyclopropylamide | 229021-64-1 | C23H37NO |
|
(5Z,8Z,10E,12R,14Z)-12-羟基-5,8,10,14-二十碳四烯酸 | 12(R)-HETE | 82337-46-0 | C20H32O3 |
|
(5S,6s)-二羟基-(7e,9e,11z,14z)-二十四烯酸 | 5S,6R-di-HETE | 82948-88-7 | C20H32O4 |
|
(5R)-5-[(7-氯-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基]-3-甲基-2,4-咪唑烷二酮 | (R)-5-((7-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-3-methylimidazolidine-2,4-dione | 852391-19-6 | C13H12ClN3O2 |
|
(5R)-2,2,3-三甲基-5-苯基甲基-4-咪唑啉酮盐酸盐 | (5R)-5-benzyl-2,2,3-trimethyl-4-oxoimidazolidin-1-ium chloride | 323196-43-6 | C13H18N2O*ClH |
|
(5E,9E,11E,13E)-8,15-二羟基-5,9,11,13-二十碳四烯酸 | 8(S),15(S),5Z,9,11,13E-diHETE | 80234-66-8 | C20H32O4 |
|
(5-甲氧基-1H-吲哚-2-基)苯基甲酮 | (5-methoxy-1H-indol-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone | 74588-78-6 | C16H13NO2 |
|
(4S,4aS,5aR,12aS)-4-(二甲基氨基)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-八氢-3,10,12,12a-四羟基-7-[(甲氧基甲基氨基)甲基]-1,11-二氧代-2-并四苯甲酰胺盐酸盐 | Sarecycline Hydrochloride | 1035979-44-2 | C24H30ClN3O8 |
|
(4S)-8-氯-6-(4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-4H-异恶唑并[5,4-d][2]苯并氮杂卓-4-乙酰胺 | 2-[(4S)-8-chloro-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-[1,2]oxazolo[5,4-d][2]benzazepin-4-yl]acetamide | 1380087-86-4 | C20H15Cl2N3O2 |
|
(4R)-甘氨酰基-4-(苯甲酰基氨基)-L-脯氨酸盐酸盐 | Danegaptide hydrochloride | 943133-81-1 | C14H17N3O4*ClH |
|
(4R)-4-[[叔丁氧羰基]氨基]-5-[(2,5-二氧代-1-吡咯烷基)氧基]-5-氧代戊酸苄酯 | Boc-D-Glu(OBzl)-OSu | 18800-76-5 | C21H26N2O8 |
|
(4E)-2-碘-4-[5-[6-(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]-1,3-二氢苯并咪唑-2-亚基]环己-2,5-二烯-1-酮 | monoiodoHoechst 33258 | 106050-84-4 | C25H23IN6O |
|
(4-环丙基哌嗪-1-基)-[4-(吗啉-4-基甲基)苯基]甲酮 | Bavisant | 929622-08-2 | C19H27N3O2 |
|
(4-溴苯基)[2-氟-4-[[6-(甲基-2-丙烯基氨基)己基]氧基]苯基]甲酮 | [4-[6-(allyl-methyl-amino)-hexyloxy]-2-fluoro-phenyl]-(4-bromo-phenyl)-methanone | 161582-11-2 | C23H27BrFNO2 |
|
(4-(4-甲氧基苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲胺 | 1-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]-methylamine | 440087-51-4 | C13H19NO2 |
|
(3aR,4S,7aR)-八氢-4-羟基-4-[2-(3-甲基苯基)乙炔基]-1H-吲哚-1-羧酸甲酯 | mavoglurant | 543906-09-8 | C19H23NO3 |
|
(3S-反式)-1,4-二氢-7-[3-甲氧基-4-(甲基氨基)-1-吡咯烷基]-4-氧代-1-(2-噻唑基)-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸单盐酸盐 | AG-7352 hydrochloride | 175519-16-1 | C18H19N5O4S*ClH |
|
(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-17-(3-呋喃基)-10,13-二甲基-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16-十二氢-1H-环戊二烯并[a]菲-3,14,17-三酚 | 17-β-(3-furyl)-5-β-androstane-3-β, 14-β, 17-α-triol | 156722-18-8 | C23H34O4 |
|
(3S)-N-[2-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙氧基]-4-(1H-吡唑-4-基)苯基]-3,4-二氢-6-甲氧基-2H-1-苯并吡喃-3-甲酰胺 | Chroman 1 | 1273579-40-0 | C24H28N4O4 |
|
(3S)-3-[[(9H-芴-9-基甲氧基)羰基]氨基]-4-羟基-丁酸叔丁酯 | (S)-tert-butyl 3-(((9H-fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonylamino)-4-hydroxybutanoate | 133565-45-4 | C23H27NO5 |
|
(3S)-2-(2,2-二苯基乙酰基)-1,2,3,4-四氢-6-甲氧基-5-苄氧基-3-异喹啉羧酸 | EMA401 | 1316755-16-4 | C32H29NO5 |
|
(3R,4R)-4-氨基-1-[[4-[(3-甲氧基苯基)氨基]吡咯并[2,1-f][1,2,4]三嗪-5-基]甲基]哌啶-3-醇 | BMS-690514 | 859853-30-8 | C19H24N6O2 |
|
(3R)-N-[5-氯-4-(5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-2-吡啶基]-3-哌啶甲酰胺 | (3R)-N-[5-chloro-4-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)pyridin-2-yl]piperidine-3-carboxamide | 1269815-17-9 | C18H19ClFN3O2 |
|
(3R)-2-[(9H-芴-9-甲氧基)羰基]-3,4-二氢-3(1H)-异喹啉乙酸 | Fmoc-(R)-2-tetrahydroisoquinoline acetic acid | 332064-67-2 | C26H23NO4 |
|
(3R)-1,2,3,4-四氢-7-羟基-N-[(1S)-1-[[(3R,4R)-4-(3-羟基苯基)-3,4-二甲基-1-哌啶基]甲基]-2-甲基丙基]-3-异喹啉甲酰胺盐酸盐 | JDTic dihydrochloride | 785835-79-2 | C28H41Cl2N3O3 |
|
(3E)-5-氯-3-[[5-[3-[(六氢-4-甲基-1H-14-二氮杂革-1-基)羰基]苯基]-2-呋喃]亚甲基]-1,3-二氢-2H-吲哚-2-酮 | CX-6258 | 1202916-90-2 | C26H24ClN3O3 |
|
(3-氯苯基)[3,4-二氢-6,7-二甲氧基-1-[[(4-甲氧基苯氧基)甲基]-2(1H)-异喹啉基]甲酮 | (3-chlorophenyl)(6,7-dimethoxy-1-((4-methoxyphenoxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)methanone | 486427-17-2 | C26H26ClNO5 |
|
(2Z)-2-氰基-N-(2,5-二溴苯基)-3-羟基-2-丁烯酰胺 | α-Cyano-β-hydroxy-β-methyl-N-(2,5-dibromophenyl)-propenamide | 62004-35-7 | C11H8Br2N2O2 |
|
(2S,5R)-N-叔丁氧羰基-5-苯基吡咯烷-2-甲酸 | (2S,5R)-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-5-phenylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid | 221352-49-4 | C16H21NO4 |
|
(2S,5R)-5-(4-((2-氟苄基)氧基)苯基)吡咯烷-2-甲酰胺盐酸盐 | (5R)-5-(4-{[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]oxy}phenyl)-L-prolinamide hydrochloride | 934240-31-0 | C18H19FN2O2*ClH |
|