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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Fmoc-3-amino-4-chlorobenzoic acid 186320-11-6 C22H16ClNO4
    Fmoc-3-amino-4-chlorobenzoic acid
    —— Copper;[dimethylamino-[[15,24,34-tris[[dimethylamino(dimethylazaniumylidene)methyl]sulfanylmethyl]-2,11,20,37,39,40-hexaza-29,38-diazanidanonacyclo[28.6.1.13,10.112,19.121,28.04,9.013,18.022,27.031,36]tetraconta-1,3(40),4(9),5,7,10,12(39),13(18),14,16,19,21,23,25,27,30(37),31(36),32,34-nonadecaen-6-yl]methylsulfanyl]methylidene]-dimethylazanium;tetrachloride 33864-99-2 C56H68Cl4CuN16S4-2
    Copper;[dimethylamino-[[15,24,34-tris[[dimethylamino(dimethylazaniumylidene)methyl]sulfanylmethyl]-2,11,20,37,39,40-hexaza-29,38-diazanidanonacyclo[28.6.1.13,10.112,19.121,28.04,9.013,18.022,27.031,36]tetraconta-1,3(40),4(9),5,7,10,12(39),13(18),14,16,19,21,23,25,27,30(37),31(36),32,34-nonadecaen-6-yl]methylsulfanyl]methylidene]-dimethylazanium;tetrachloride
    —— 1-(1'-amino-2',3'-dideoxy-β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 52450-18-7 C10H15N3O4
    1-(1'-amino-2',3'-dideoxy-β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
    —— N-[3-(2-azatricyclo[10.4.0.04,9]hexadeca-1(16),4,6,8,12,14-hexaen-10-yn-2-yl)-3-oxopropyl]-6-[(2E)-3,3-dimethyl-2-[(2E,4Z)-5-(1,3,3-trimethylindol-1-ium-2-yl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]indol-1-yl]hexanamide;chloride 2182601-72-3 C50H53N4O2*Cl
    N-[3-(2-azatricyclo[10.4.0.04,9]hexadeca-1(16),4,6,8,12,14-hexaen-10-yn-2-yl)-3-oxopropyl]-6-[(2E)-3,3-dimethyl-2-[(2E,4Z)-5-(1,3,3-trimethylindol-1-ium-2-yl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]indol-1-yl]hexanamide;chloride
    —— (H-Lys-Thr-Glu-Glu-Ile-Ser-Glu-Val-Asn-[Statine(3S,4S)]-Val-Ala-Glu-Phe-OH) 350228-37-4 C73H118N16O27
    (H-Lys-Thr-Glu-Glu-Ile-Ser-Glu-Val-Asn-[Statine(3S,4S)]-Val-Ala-Glu-Phe-OH)
    —— D-Guluronic Acid 1986-15-8 C6H10O7
    D-Guluronic Acid
    —— N-[1-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-[[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenylmethoxy]methyl]-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-4-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-oxopyrimidin-4-yl]benzamide 81256-87-3 C43H49N3O8Si
    N-[1-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-[[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenylmethoxy]methyl]-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-4-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-oxopyrimidin-4-yl]benzamide
    —— GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose 15839-70-0 C16H25N5O15P2
    GDP-6-deoxy-D-mannose
    —— (9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-acetic acid 678988-18-6 C23H18FNO4
    (9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-acetic acid
    —— 5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxitrityl)-3'-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-1-methylpseudouridine 3'-O-caynoethyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidate 875302-47-9 C46H63N4O9PSi
    5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxitrityl)-3'-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-1-methylpseudouridine 3'-O-caynoethyl-N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidate
    —— ponceau BS 4196-99-0 C22H14N4O7S2*2Na
    ponceau BS
    —— (2R)-2-{[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid 753030-79-4 C21H21NO4S
    (2R)-2-{[(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy]carbonyl}-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid
    —— <i>N</i>-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine 3919-02-6 C14H18N2O3
    <i>N</i>-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine
    —— Norpseudotropanol 501-33-7 C7H13NO
    Norpseudotropanol
    —— C.I. Mordant Orange 1 1718-34-9 C13H9N3NaO5+
    C.I. Mordant Orange 1
    —— Tetralithium-4-thiouridin-5'-triphophat 20188-72-1 C9H11N2O14P3S*4Li
    Tetralithium-4-thiouridin-5'-triphophat
    —— Chrome Red 3618-63-1 C20H16N4NaO5S+
    Chrome Red
    —— Pure Blue 2610-05-1 C34H28N6NaO16S4+
    Pure Blue
    —— delta Paper, indicator 5423-07-4 C16H10N4NaO11S2+
    delta Paper, indicator
    —— prussian blue 14460-01-6 3C6FeN6*4Fe
    prussian blue
    —— Diacromo Blue G 3564-14-5 C20H14N2NaO5S+
    Diacromo Blue G
    —— Huhs015 1453097-13-6 C19H18N4O
    Huhs015
    —— (3S,5R)-6‘-bromo-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-spiro [cyclohexane-1,2’-indane]-1‘-one 1454700-89-0 C17H21BrO2
    (3S,5R)-6‘-bromo-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-spiro [cyclohexane-1,2’-indane]-1‘-one
    —— S-2765,Chromogenic Substrate for Fxa 115388-96-0 C27H36N8O5
    S-2765,Chromogenic Substrate for Fxa
    —— K145 hydrochloride 1449240-68-9 C18H24N2O3S*ClH
    K145 hydrochloride
    —— 96293-19-5 C27H25N3NiO3*(x)H2O
    —— KH-CB19 1354037-26-5 C15H13Cl2N3O2
    KH-CB19
    —— Spirostan-6-one, 3-hydroxy-, (5a,25R)- 1177-71-5 C27H42O4
    Spirostan-6-one, 3-hydroxy-, (5a,25R)-
    —— Zacopride fumarate 101303-98-4 C4H4O4*C15H20ClN3O2
    Zacopride fumarate
    —— Benzenesulfonic acid,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis(5-isothiocyanoto-, disodium salt 67483-13-0 C16H10N2NaO6S4+
    Benzenesulfonic acid,2'-(1,2-ethenediyl)bis(5-isothiocyanoto-, disodium salt
    —— brilliant black BN 2519-30-4 C28H17N5O14S4*4Na
    brilliant black BN
    —— Renin FRET Substrate I 142988-22-5 C90H120N22O16S
    Renin FRET Substrate I
    —— Zinc chloride--N-benzoyl-4-diazonio-2,5-diethoxybenzen-1-aminide--hydrogen chloride (1/2/2/2) 5486-84-0 C34H36Cl4N6O6Zn
    Zinc chloride--N-benzoyl-4-diazonio-2,5-diethoxybenzen-1-aminide--hydrogen chloride (1/2/2/2)
    —— N-((S)-1-(3-(4-chloro-3-(methylsulfonamido)-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-indazol-7-yl)-6-(3-methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)but-1-yn-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethyl)-2-((3bS,4aR)-5,5-difluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3b,4,4a,5-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopropa[3,4]cyclopenta[1,2-c]pyrazol-1-yl)acetamide sodium salt 2283356-12-5 C39H31ClF10N7O5S2*Na
    N-((S)-1-(3-(4-chloro-3-(methylsulfonamido)-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-indazol-7-yl)-6-(3-methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)but-1-yn-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethyl)-2-((3bS,4aR)-5,5-difluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-3b,4,4a,5-tetrahydro-1H-cyclopropa[3,4]cyclopenta[1,2-c]pyrazol-1-yl)acetamide sodium salt
    —— chrysamine G 6472-91-9 C26H16N4O6*2Na
    chrysamine G
    —— (5E)-7-{6-[(1E)-3-Hydroxy-1-octen-1-yl]-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl}-5-heptenoic acid 56985-40-1 C21H34O4
    (5E)-7-{6-[(1E)-3-Hydroxy-1-octen-1-yl]-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl}-5-heptenoic acid
    —— Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranuronsaeure-methylester 3082-96-0 C15H20O11
    Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranuronsaeure-methylester
    —— 4-trifluoromethylcyclohexylamine 1073266-02-0 C7H12F3N
    4-trifluoromethylcyclohexylamine
    —— o-nitrophenol anion 16554-53-3 C6H5NO3
    o-nitrophenol anion
    —— Sodium bromocresol green 67763-24-0 C21H13Br4NaO5S
    Sodium bromocresol green
    —— 9,10-DEEPITHIO-9,10-DIDEHYDRO-35-METHYL-ACANTHIFOLICIN 81720-10-7 C45H70O13
    9,10-DEEPITHIO-9,10-DIDEHYDRO-35-METHYL-ACANTHIFOLICIN
    —— chlorophenol red 123333-64-2 C19H12Cl2O5S
    chlorophenol red
    —— 88-75-5 C6H6NO3
    —— 523-21-7 C6H2NaO6
    —— Sodium pamoate 6640-22-8 C23H14Na2O6
    Sodium pamoate
    —— Prussian blue 14038-43-8 3C6FeN6*4Fe
    Prussian blue
    —— Thymidine-5'-triphosphate, sodium(1:X) 18423-43-3 C10H17N2Na3O14P3
    Thymidine-5'-triphosphate, sodium(1:X)
    —— Mordant Yellow 10 6054-99-5 C13H8N2Na2O6S
    Mordant Yellow 10
    —— (4Z,7z,10z,13e,15e,17r,19z)-17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid 90780-50-0 C22H32O3
    (4Z,7z,10z,13e,15e,17r,19z)-17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid
    —— sunset yellow FCF 2783-94-0 C16H10N2O7S2*2Na
    sunset yellow FCF