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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— Leukokristallviolett-Anionenradikal 603-48-5 C25H31N3
    Leukokristallviolett-Anionenradikal
    —— Eriochrome Blue Black R 2538-85-4 C20H13N2O5S*Na
    Eriochrome Blue Black R
    —— (±)7-hydroxy-4Z,8E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid 90780-55-5 C22H32O3
    (±)7-hydroxy-4Z,8E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid
    —— 1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxamide, 5-((5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-N-((2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl)-2,4-dimethyl- 452105-23-6 C23H27FN4O4
    1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxamide, 5-((5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-N-((2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
    —— Disodium methylenebis(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoate) 6640-22-8 C23H16NaO6+
    Disodium methylenebis(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoate)
    —— estra-4,9-dien-3,17-dione 5173-46-6 C18H22O2
    estra-4,9-dien-3,17-dione
    —— 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine hydrochloride 64285-73-0 C16H20N2*ClH
    3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine hydrochloride
    —— 4-Hydroxy-N'-(naphthalen-2-ylmethylene)benzohydrazide 303760-60-3 C18H14N2O2
    4-Hydroxy-N'-(naphthalen-2-ylmethylene)benzohydrazide
    —— (R)-7-chloro-N-(quinuclidin-3-yl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide 550999-75-2 C16H17ClN2OS
    (R)-7-chloro-N-(quinuclidin-3-yl)benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide
    —— 1-[4-[Tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-2-yl]-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione 40733-26-4 C22H42N2O5Si2
    1-[4-[Tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-2-yl]-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione
    —— 5-O-Benzoyl-1,2-O-isopropyliden-3-O-methyl-α-D-ribofuranose 10300-20-6 C16H20O6
    5-O-Benzoyl-1,2-O-isopropyliden-3-O-methyl-α-D-ribofuranose
    —— N-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]-1'-oxospiro[cyclohexane-4,3'-furo[3,4-c]pyridine]-1-carboxamide 328232-95-7 C22H19FN4O3
    N-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)pyrazol-3-yl]-1'-oxospiro[cyclohexane-4,3'-furo[3,4-c]pyridine]-1-carboxamide
    —— Disodium 2,2'-dithiobis ethane sulfonate 16208-51-8 C4H10NaO6S4+
    Disodium 2,2'-dithiobis ethane sulfonate
    —— tetranitro blue tetrazolium chloride 1184-43-6 C40H28N12O10*2Cl
    tetranitro blue tetrazolium chloride
    —— (+/-)-3-tert-butyl-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine 1313498-08-6 C18H20FN5O
    (+/-)-3-tert-butyl-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine
    —— (2S,4R)-4-benzyl-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic Acid 153074-95-4 C17H23NO4
    (2S,4R)-4-benzyl-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic Acid
    —— sodium 5-(3-chlorophenylamino)benzo[c][2,6]naphthyridine-8-carboxylate 1309357-15-0 C19H11ClN3O2*Na
    sodium 5-(3-chlorophenylamino)benzo[c][2,6]naphthyridine-8-carboxylate
    —— Asp-Tyr-OH 22840-03-5 C13H16N2O6
    Asp-Tyr-OH
    —— <i>N</i>-Ξ-valyl-L-tyrosine 3061-91-4 C14H20N2O4
    <i>N</i>-Ξ-valyl-L-tyrosine
    —— <i>N</i>-D-prolyl-L-tyrosine 19786-36-8 C14H18N2O4
    <i>N</i>-D-prolyl-L-tyrosine
    —— <i>N</i>-leucyl-aspartic acid 32949-40-9 C10H18N2O5
    <i>N</i>-leucyl-aspartic acid
    —— N-(5-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(2’-fluoro-3-methyl-2,4’-bipyridin-5-yl)acetamide 1243245-18-2 C24H25FN6O2
    N-(5-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(2’-fluoro-3-methyl-2,4’-bipyridin-5-yl)acetamide
    —— EPZ 011989 1598383-40-4 C35H51N5O4
    EPZ 011989
    —— 1-(benzo[b]thiophen-7-yl)piperazine hydrochloride 105684-41-1 C12H14N2S*ClH
    1-(benzo[b]thiophen-7-yl)piperazine hydrochloride
    —— robenidine 25875-51-8 C15H13Cl2N5
    robenidine
    —— 5-(iodoacetamido)fluorescein 63368-54-7 C22H14INO6
    5-(iodoacetamido)fluorescein
    —— ETHYL RED 76058-33-8 C17H19N3O2
    ETHYL RED
    —— 2-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonylamino)benzoic acid 120467-46-1 C23H19NO4
    2-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonylamino)benzoic acid
    —— Fmoc-3-amino-4-methylbenzoic acid 1072901-59-7 C23H19NO4
    Fmoc-3-amino-4-methylbenzoic acid
    —— (6-(3',6'-N-ditrifluoroacetylrhodamine 6G-6-carboxamido)hexyl)-1-O-(2-cyanoethyl)(N,N-diisopropyl)phosphoramidite 1355330-47-0 C46H54F6N5O8P
    (6-(3',6'-N-ditrifluoroacetylrhodamine 6G-6-carboxamido)hexyl)-1-O-(2-cyanoethyl)(N,N-diisopropyl)phosphoramidite
    —— PNU-159682 202350-68-3 C32H35NO13
    PNU-159682
    —— (4-biphenyl-4-yl-thiazol-2-yl)-(6-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)amine 1426047-44-0 C21H17N3S
    (4-biphenyl-4-yl-thiazol-2-yl)-(6-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)amine
    —— alizarin yellow GG 584-42-9 C13H8N3O5*Na
    alizarin yellow GG
    —— (-)-toddalolactone 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 1176645-57-0 C22H30O11
    (-)-toddalolactone 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— MK2 inhibitor IV 1314118-94-9 C27H25ClN4O2*ClH
    MK2 inhibitor IV
    —— Met-Ala 3061-96-9 C8H16N2O3S
    Met-Ala
    —— L-alanyl-L-methionine 14486-05-6 C8H16N2O3S
    L-alanyl-L-methionine
    —— zopolrestat 1355612-71-3 C17H10F3N5O3S
    zopolrestat
    —— L-tryptophyl-L-alanine 24046-71-7 C14H17N3O3
    L-tryptophyl-L-alanine
    —— mmaf 745017-94-1 C39H65N5O8
    mmaf
    —— adiporon 924416-43-3 C27H28N2O3
    adiporon
    —— <i>N</i>-seryl-aspartic acid 2543-31-9 C7H12N2O6
    <i>N</i>-seryl-aspartic acid
    —— methyl 2-((R)-(3-chlorophenyl)((R)-1-((S)-2-(methylamino)-3-((R)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)propylcarbamoyl)piperidin-3-yl)methoxy)ethylcarbamate hydrochloride 1264191-73-2 C26H41ClN4O5*ClH
    methyl 2-((R)-(3-chlorophenyl)((R)-1-((S)-2-(methylamino)-3-((R)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)propylcarbamoyl)piperidin-3-yl)methoxy)ethylcarbamate hydrochloride
    —— 7-[3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]cyclopentyl]-6-oxoheptanoic acid 58962-34-8 C20H34O6
    7-[3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]cyclopentyl]-6-oxoheptanoic acid
    —— brilliant cresyl blue chloride 81029-05-2 C17H20N3O*Cl
    brilliant cresyl blue chloride
    —— N-((1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl)carbamoyl)-4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)furan-2-sulfonamide 210826-40-7 C20H24N2O5S
    N-((1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-s-indacen-4-yl)carbamoyl)-4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)furan-2-sulfonamide
    —— Sudan Red 7B 6368-72-5 C24H21N5
    Sudan Red 7B
    —— (R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(((5-fluoro-2-(1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methyl)-2-hydroxypropanamide 1628732-62-6 C21H16F5N7O3
    (R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(((5-fluoro-2-(1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)methyl)-2-hydroxypropanamide
    —— resazurin sodium salt 62758-13-8 C12H6NO4*Na
    resazurin sodium salt
    —— 4-Iodobenzetimide 119391-56-9 C23H25IN2O2
    4-Iodobenzetimide