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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— N-Triphenylmethyl (3S)-3-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonylamino)-4-hydroxybutyramide 198543-08-7 C38H34N2O4
    N-Triphenylmethyl (3S)-3-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonylamino)-4-hydroxybutyramide
    —— 3761-53-3 C18H14N2Na2O7S2-
    —— benzyl 2,3-di-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-β-D-glucopyranoside 183953-29-9 C34H34O6
    benzyl 2,3-di-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— 1-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine 20559-16-4 C22H46NO7P
    1-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
    —— N-(4,6-bis-n-propylamino-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-O,N-dimethyl-hydroxylamine 1380341-99-0 C11H22N6O
    N-(4,6-bis-n-propylamino-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-O,N-dimethyl-hydroxylamine
    —— (4-nitrophenyl)-2-methylsulfonylacetate 1158363-70-2 C9H9NO6S
    (4-nitrophenyl)-2-methylsulfonylacetate
    —— (E)-2-(6-((E)-2-carboxyvinyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid 1065559-56-9 C18H14O8
    (E)-2-(6-((E)-2-carboxyvinyl)-2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid
    —— Retapamulin 224452-66-8 C30H47NO4S
    Retapamulin
    —— BI-847325 1207293-36-4 C29H28N4O2
    BI-847325
    —— D-guluronic acid 15769-56-9 C6H10O7
    D-guluronic acid
    —— Fmoc-(DL)-Trp-(5-F)-OH 138775-55-0 C26H21FN2O4
    Fmoc-(DL)-Trp-(5-F)-OH
    —— 3'-deoxy-adenosine 73-03-0 C10H13N5O3
    3'-deoxy-adenosine
    —— rimegepant 1289023-67-1 C28H28F2N6O3
    rimegepant
    —— (4S,4aS,5aR,12aR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-7-[[methoxy(methyl)amino]methyl]-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4H-tetracene-2-carboxamide,hydrochloride 1035979-44-2 C24H29N3O8*ClH
    (4S,4aS,5aR,12aR)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-7-[[methoxy(methyl)amino]methyl]-3,12-dioxo-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4H-tetracene-2-carboxamide,hydrochloride
    —— Sodium 2-(phosphonooxy)propane-1,3-bis(olate) 819-83-0 C3H7Na2O6P
    Sodium 2-(phosphonooxy)propane-1,3-bis(olate)
    —— SMCC-MDC 1228105-51-8 C51H66ClN5O16S
    SMCC-MDC
    —— 2,19-methano-3,7:4,1-dimetheno-1H,11H-14,10,2,9,11,17-benzoxathiatetraazacyclodocosine-8,18(9H,15H)-dione, 27-cyclohexyl-12,13,16,17-tetrahydro-22-methoxy-11,17-dimethyl-, 10,10-dioxide 1204416-97-6 C32H38N4O6S
    2,19-methano-3,7:4,1-dimetheno-1H,11H-14,10,2,9,11,17-benzoxathiatetraazacyclodocosine-8,18(9H,15H)-dione, 27-cyclohexyl-12,13,16,17-tetrahydro-22-methoxy-11,17-dimethyl-, 10,10-dioxide
    —— Boc-Trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol 111300-06-2 C11H21NO3
    Boc-Trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol
    —— 7-amino-3-methylceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid 22252-43-3 C8H10N2O3S
    7-amino-3-methylceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid
    —— 7β-Aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid 22252-43-3 C8H10N2O3S
    7β-Aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid
    —— 2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline 916151-99-0 C22H14FN5
    2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline
    —— 5H-Imidazo[5,1-a]isoindole-5-ethanol, 6-fluoro-α-(trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-, (αR,5S)- 1402837-78-8 C18H21FN2O2
    5H-Imidazo[5,1-a]isoindole-5-ethanol, 6-fluoro-α-(trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-, (αR,5S)-
    —— [14C]-SB 649868 380899-24-1 C26H24FN3O3S
    [14C]-SB 649868
    —— fostemsavir 864953-29-7 C25H26N7O8P
    fostemsavir
    —— Eprazinon 10402-53-6 C24H32N2O2*2ClH
    Eprazinon
    —— 7-(6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1-((1r,4r)-4-methoxycyclohexyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino-[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one 1228013-30-6 C21H27N5O3
    7-(6-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-1-((1r,4r)-4-methoxycyclohexyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazino-[2,3-b]pyrazin-2(1H)-one
    —— 4-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)imidazol-1-yl]cyclohexan-1-ol 193551-21-2 C20H21FN4O2
    4-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)imidazol-1-yl]cyclohexan-1-ol
    —— (+)-L-660,711 115104-28-4 C26H27ClN2O3S2
    (+)-L-660,711
    —— L-765314 189349-50-6 C27H34N6O5
    L-765314
    —— Pirmenol hydrochloride 61477-94-9 C22H30N2O*ClH
    Pirmenol hydrochloride
    —— 3-[3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-propoxy]-4-fluoro-benzoic acid hydrochloride 2242751-53-5 C15H17FN2O3*ClH
    3-[3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-propoxy]-4-fluoro-benzoic acid hydrochloride
    —— (+/-)-cis-2-methylspiro[1,3-oxathiolane-5,3'-quinuclidine] monohydrochloride hemihydrate 153504-70-2 C10H17NOS*ClH
    (+/-)-cis-2-methylspiro[1,3-oxathiolane-5,3'-quinuclidine] monohydrochloride hemihydrate
    —— L-phenylalanyl-L-arginine 1238-09-1 C15H23N5O3
    L-phenylalanyl-L-arginine
    —— (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin dihydrochloride 69056-38-8 C9H15N5O3*2ClH
    (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin dihydrochloride
    —— Disodium beta-glycerophosphate tetrahydrate 819-83-0 C3H9NaO6P
    Disodium beta-glycerophosphate tetrahydrate
    —— 3-<1-(4-Chlorobenzyl)-3-t-butylthio-5-isopropylindol-2-yl>-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid 118414-82-7 C26H32ClNO2S
    3-<1-(4-Chlorobenzyl)-3-t-butylthio-5-isopropylindol-2-yl>-2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid
    —— AMG 925 1401033-86-0 C26H29N7O2
    AMG 925
    —— 3-(5-fluoro-4-(4-methyl-2-(methylamino)thiazol-5-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzene sulfonamide 1421693-22-2 C15H15FN6O2S2
    3-(5-fluoro-4-(4-methyl-2-(methylamino)thiazol-5-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)benzene sulfonamide
    —— (S)-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(2-oxo-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)urea 676128-63-5 C22H17FN4O2
    (S)-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(2-oxo-5-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-3-yl)urea
    —— brilliant blue FCF 3844-45-9 C37H34N2O9S3*2Na
    brilliant blue FCF
    —— 2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-hydroxy-9-(2-carboxyphenyl)fluorone (erythrosine), ionic form 16423-68-0 C20H6I4O5
    2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-hydroxy-9-(2-carboxyphenyl)fluorone (erythrosine), ionic form
    —— ecabet sodium 86408-72-2 C20H27O5S*Na
    ecabet sodium
    —— NVP-CGM097 1313363-54-0 C38H47ClN4O4
    NVP-CGM097
    —— PST-2744 374559-48-5 C21H32N2O3*ClH
    PST-2744
    —— 5-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid 75350-46-8 C24H13NO7
    5-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid
    —— aldoxorubicin 151038-96-9 C37H42N4O13
    aldoxorubicin
    —— AZD-8835 1620576-64-8 C22H31N9O3
    AZD-8835
    —— grapiprant 415903-37-6 C26H29N5O3S
    grapiprant
    —— Mirodenafil 862189-95-5 C26H37N5O5S
    Mirodenafil
    —— 1-phenyl-3-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]azamethylene}benzo[d]azolidin-2-one 303149-14-6 C21H13F3N2O
    1-phenyl-3-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]azamethylene}benzo[d]azolidin-2-one