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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 生化试剂

    生化试剂

    生化试剂（Biochemical reagent）是指用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物，以及临床诊断和医学研究所需的各类试剂。它们是从生物体中提取或通过化学合成得到的基本成分，主要用于生物成分的分析鉴定及生物制品的制造。

    随着生命科学的发展，生化试剂已成长为一种重要的化学试剂类别，品种繁多，达10000多种。中国市场上销售的生化试剂有2500种。由于生化试剂对温度、湿度和光照敏感，容易丧失活力且保存期较短，因此对其贮存与运输条件要求较高。例如，绝大多数酶试剂需在0～5℃下保存，而某些用于遗传工程研究的酶试剂则需要在-20℃下冷藏。

    根据生物体组织中所含物质或代谢过程中产生的物质，生化试剂可以分为氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质、核苷酸、核酸、酶、辅酶、糖类、酯类和激素等。此外，按生物学研究的需求，它们还可细分为电泳试剂、色谱试剂、免疫试剂、标记试剂以及组织化学试剂等。

    不同用途的生化试剂对纯度和技术要求各不相同。例如，酶试剂通常有粗制酶、结晶酶、多次结晶酶及不含特定杂酶的酶制剂等多种形式。生产生化试剂的方法主要有三种：从生物体中分离和提纯、化学合成以及发酵等。对于生化试剂产品的技术要求包括含量、熔点、冰点、旋光度、含水量、光谱特征、折光性、密度及生物活性等。

    下级分类

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol 14337-53-2 C15H17BrN4O
    2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino)phenol
    —— 3-methyl-2-((1S,2S)-2-(quinolin-2-yl)cyclopropyl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline 1516896-09-5 C21H19N7
    3-methyl-2-((1S,2S)-2-(quinolin-2-yl)cyclopropyl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline
    —— 5-(4-methoxy-<i>trans</i>-cinnamylidene)-barbituric acid 100872-83-1 C14H12N2O4
    5-(4-methoxy-<i>trans</i>-cinnamylidene)-barbituric acid
    —— (E)-3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-3,4,5,6-tetra-hydro-2,3'-bipyridine dihydrochloride 156223-05-1 C19H20N2O2*2ClH
    (E)-3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-3,4,5,6-tetra-hydro-2,3'-bipyridine dihydrochloride
    —— Ile-Pro 37462-92-3 C11H20N2O3
    Ile-Pro
    —— 4(3H)-Quinazolinone, 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-(6-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)ethenyl)-6-fluoro- 199655-36-2 C26H24ClFN4O
    4(3H)-Quinazolinone, 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-(6-((diethylamino)methyl)-2-pyridinyl)ethenyl)-6-fluoro-
    —— Hydride Q resin 68988-57-8 C10H26ClO4Si2
    Hydride Q resin
    —— Azure B eosinate 62298-42-4 C50H38Br4N6O5S2
    Azure B eosinate
    —— N-(4-Diazonio-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzoyl)benzenaminide--hydrogen chloride (1/1) 14726-28-4 C15H14ClN3O2
    N-(4-Diazonio-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzoyl)benzenaminide--hydrogen chloride (1/1)
    —— (R)-S-cyclopropyl-S-(4-{[4-{[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl]oxy}-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}phenyl)sulphoximide 1223498-69-8 C18H21F3N4O3S
    (R)-S-cyclopropyl-S-(4-{[4-{[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl]oxy}-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}phenyl)sulphoximide
    —— 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-3,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3<i>H</i>-benz[<i>c</i>][1,2]oxathiol-1,1-dioxide 77172-72-6 C19H10Br4O5S
    4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-3,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3<i>H</i>-benz[<i>c</i>][1,2]oxathiol-1,1-dioxide
    —— DDD00175799 100872-83-1 C14H12N2O4
    DDD00175799
    —— N-1R-[3-(4-ethoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]-ethyl-N-pyridin-3-ylmethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-acetamide 473719-41-4 C32H28F3N5O4
    N-1R-[3-(4-ethoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]-ethyl-N-pyridin-3-ylmethyl-2-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-acetamide
    —— gold(1+);3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-thiolate 12192-57-3 C6H11AuO5S
    gold(1+);3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2-thiolate
    —— 1(4H)-Naphthalenone, 4-[(4-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)phenylmethylene]- 145-50-6 C27H18O2
    1(4H)-Naphthalenone, 4-[(4-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)phenylmethylene]-
    —— N2-[(1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N6-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine 1239358-86-1 C21H20FN7
    N2-[(1S)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N6-(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine
    —— zosuquidar 167465-36-3 C32H31F2N3O2
    zosuquidar
    —— p-Naphtholbenzein 145-50-6 C27H18O2
    p-Naphtholbenzein
    —— 4-Methylcoumarin-6-ylmethyliminodiacetic acid 54375-47-2 C15H15NO6
    4-Methylcoumarin-6-ylmethyliminodiacetic acid
    —— Einecs 279-675-0 81029-05-2 C17H23ClN4O
    Einecs 279-675-0
    —— Fura 2am 108964-32-5 C44H47N3O24
    Fura 2am
    —— Threonylaspartic acid 108320-97-4 C8H14N2O6
    Threonylaspartic acid
    —— 2-[Bis[2-[carboxymethyl-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]acetic acid;gadolinium 131410-48-5 C16H29GdN5O8
    2-[Bis[2-[carboxymethyl-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]amino]ethyl]amino]acetic acid;gadolinium
    —— DL-Seryl-L-glutaminsaeure 6403-16-3 C8H14N2O6
    DL-Seryl-L-glutaminsaeure
    —— K-Ras G12C-IN-3 1629268-19-4 C21H19Cl3N2O3
    K-Ras G12C-IN-3
    —— Sodium 7-phenyl-5-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)amino]benzo[a]phenazin-7-ium-6-sulfonate 25641-18-3 C28H18N3NaO6S2
    Sodium 7-phenyl-5-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)amino]benzo[a]phenazin-7-ium-6-sulfonate
    —— sequella 502487-67-4 C22H38N2
    sequella
    —— Chromate(5-),5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulfophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonato(4-)]-, tetrasodium hydrogen 6408-31-7 C16H15ClCrN4O9S2
    Chromate(5-),5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1-(3-sulfophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]azo]-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonato(4-)]-, tetrasodium hydrogen
    —— cenicriviroc 497223-25-3 C41H52N4O4S
    cenicriviroc
    —— (3E)-N-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy]-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-3-carboximidoyl chloride 289893-25-0 C14H20ClN3O3
    (3E)-N-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy]-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-3-carboximidoyl chloride
    —— Fmoc-3,5-diiodo-Tyr-OH 103213-31-6 C24H19I2NO5
    Fmoc-3,5-diiodo-Tyr-OH
    —— Boc-cis-4-aminocyclohexane acetic acid 327156-95-6 C13H23NO4
    Boc-cis-4-aminocyclohexane acetic acid
    —— racemic 3,6-bis(4-(bis(2-hydroxydodecyl)amino)butyl)piperazine-2,5-dione 1432494-65-9 C60H120N4O6
    racemic 3,6-bis(4-(bis(2-hydroxydodecyl)amino)butyl)piperazine-2,5-dione
    —— 1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-4-fluoropyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 203866-20-0 C20H18FNO4
    1-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonyl)-4-fluoropyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
    —— potassium O-((3aR,4R,5S,7R,7aR)-octahydro-1H-4,7-methanoinden-5-yl) carbonodithioate 473281-59-3 C11H15OS2*K
    potassium O-((3aR,4R,5S,7R,7aR)-octahydro-1H-4,7-methanoinden-5-yl) carbonodithioate
    —— Thio-NAD 4090-29-3 C21H27N7O13P2S
    Thio-NAD
    —— CHIR-090 728865-23-4 C24H27N3O5
    CHIR-090
    —— [(2-Methyl-4-oxo-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)amino] 2-methylbenzoate 321688-88-4 C18H19NO3
    [(2-Methyl-4-oxo-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)amino] 2-methylbenzoate
    —— ESI-09 263707-16-0 C16H15ClN4O2
    ESI-09
    —— o-(diethylaminomethyl)benzonitrile 867330-04-9 C12H16N2
    o-(diethylaminomethyl)benzonitrile
    —— 5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid 213382-49-1 C20H34O4
    5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid
    —— N-[4-[2-(6-cyano-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)ethyl]cyclohexyl]quinoline-4-carboxamide 215803-78-4 C28H30N4O
    N-[4-[2-(6-cyano-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)ethyl]cyclohexyl]quinoline-4-carboxamide
    —— 2-[4-[4-(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl]cyclohexyl]acetic acid 1031336-60-3 C20H22N4O2
    2-[4-[4-(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl]cyclohexyl]acetic acid
    —— 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol 1141-59-9 C11H9N3O2
    4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol
    —— 9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    9,10-Deepithio-9,10-didehydroacanthifolicin
    —— 4-(phenylazo)resorcinol 96627-69-9 C12H10N2O2
    4-(phenylazo)resorcinol
    —— 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamine D3 40013-87-4 C27H44O3
    24,25-Dihydroxyvitamine D3
    —— Bis[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]-carbonimidic Dihydrazide 25875-51-8 C15H13Cl2N5
    Bis[(4-chlorophenyl)methylene]-carbonimidic Dihydrazide
    —— 1, Acanthifolicin deriv. 78111-17-8 C44H68O13
    1, Acanthifolicin deriv.
    —— tenovin-6 1011301-29-3 C25H34N4O2S*ClH
    tenovin-6