具有芳香气味,不稳定,易燃,易聚合,在加热时会变成二聚体或高分子聚酯。该物质具有刺激性,使用时应避免吸入其蒸汽,并避免与眼睛和皮肤接触。
本品低毒,大鼠经口LD₅₀为4290毫克/千克。操作人员应穿戴防护用具并采取有毒化学品的防护措施。
此物质存在于烟叶中。
6-己内酯是一种无色油状液体,具有芳香气味。它不稳定,易燃,并且容易发生聚合反应,在加热时会形成双聚物。
食品添加剂最大允许使用量及残留标准 添加剂信息 化学反应与化学性质6-己内酯在常温常压下为无色油状液体,并具有酯的特殊香味。其分子结构中包含一个五元内酯环和一个烷基侧链,使得它展现出较强的稳定性和惰性;同时,在溶剂中的溶解度和相容性也较好。
由于6-己内酯含有一个羰基,因此可以发生多种化学反应,如酯化、加成、亲核取代等。在常温常压下为无色油状液体,并具有芳香气味,不稳定且易燃,容易聚合,加热后会形成双聚物;沸点215-216℃,96-97.5(1.33kPa),98-99℃(266.644Pa);相对密度为1.0693(20/4℃),折射率为1.4495,燃点127℃,冰点-18℃。它容易与有机氮化物反应,储存时不能接触无机酸、有机酸、碱、酸性及碱性盐类、水以及水蒸气,并且应避免与铜锌接近。在保存时需充氮气并加入少量亚硝酸酯类稳定剂。
用途本品主要用于合成橡胶、合成纤维和合成树脂的生产;也可用于制造己内酰胺、己二酸、粘合剂、涂料、环氧树脂稀释剂和溶剂,还可与各种树脂掺合以改善其光泽、透明性和防粘性。此外,有信息表明它可用于医学材料中模拟人体皮肤等用途,并可用于制备聚己内酯、ε-己内酰胺、胶粘剂及弹性体。
生产方法6-己内酯可通过乙醛为原料和乙酸乙酯作为溶剂,经臭氧氧化获得过氧乙酸后与环己酮反应制得粗品。随后通过真空蒸馏得到合格产品。工业品中ω-己内酯含量应≥98%。另一种生产方法是在50℃常压下用过乙酸氧化环己酮,选择性可达90%。原料消耗定额方面:每吨己酮需1500kg、乙醛3000kg、乙酸乙酯1000kg。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
6-羟基己酸乙酯 | 6-hydroxy-hexanoic acid ethyl ester | 5299-60-5 | C8H16O3 | 160.213 |
己二酸单乙酯 | adipic acid monoethyl ester | 626-86-8 | C8H14O4 | 174.197 |
6-氧代己酸甲酯 | methyl 6-oxohexanoate | 6654-36-0 | C7H12O3 | 144.17 |
6-羟基己酸甲酯 | methyl 6-hydroxycaproate | 4547-43-7 | C7H14O3 | 146.186 |
己二酸二甲酯 | Dimethyl adipate | 627-93-0 | C8H14O4 | 174.197 |
7-甲氧基-7-氧代庚酸 | 7-methoxy-7-oxoheptanoic acid | 20291-40-1 | C8H14O4 | 174.197 |
6-溴己酸甲酯 | methyl 6-bromohexanoate | 14273-90-6 | C7H13BrO2 | 209.083 |
3-巯基丙酸丁酯 | butyl 3-mercaptopropionate | 16215-21-7 | C7H14O2S | 162.253 |
γ-戊内酯 | 5-methyl-dihydro-furan-2-one | 108-29-2 | C5H8O2 | 100.117 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1,8-二氧杂环十四烷-2,9-二酮 | 6-Hydroxy-hexansaeure-dilacton | 1020-83-3 | C12H20O4 | 228.288 |
—— | 1,8,15-trioxa-cycloheneicosane-2,9,16-trione | 34833-18-6 | C18H30O6 | 342.433 |
—— | 1,8,15,22-Tetraoxacyclooctacosane-2,9,16,23-tetrone | 66044-48-2 | C24H40O8 | 456.577 |
己二酸酐 | adipic anhydride | 2035-75-8 | C6H8O3 | 128.128 |
—— | propyl 6-hydroxyhexanoate | —— | C9H18O3 | 174.24 |
—— | 4-hydroxybutyl methyl adipate | 149068-17-7 | C11H20O5 | 232.277 |
—— | 4-Hydroxybutyl Adipate | 86923-79-7 | C10H18O5 | 218.25 |
6-氧代己酸乙酯 | 5-carboethoxypentanal | 27983-42-2 | C8H14O3 | 158.197 |
6-羟基己酸乙酯 | 6-hydroxy-hexanoic acid ethyl ester | 5299-60-5 | C8H16O3 | 160.213 |
—— | 6-acetoxyhexanoic acid | 5760-77-0 | C8H14O4 | 174.197 |
—— | ethyl 8-oxo-octanoate | 1540-83-6 | C10H18O3 | 186.251 |
8-羟基辛酸乙酯 | ethyl 8-hydroxyoctanoate | 93892-06-9 | C10H20O3 | 188.267 |
—— | 7-Amino-heptansaeure-butylester | 86240-16-6 | C11H23NO2 | 201.309 |
6-庚烯酸乙酯 | ethyl 6-heptenoate | 25118-23-4 | C9H16O2 | 156.225 |
—— | 6-oxohexanoic acid isopropyl ester | 63969-82-4 | C9H16O3 | 172.224 |
—— | methyl (6-propiolate)-hexanoate | 137097-29-1 | C10H14O4 | 198.219 |
—— | isopropyl 6-hydroxyhexanoate | 32818-35-2 | C9H18O3 | 174.24 |
6-溴己酸乙酯 | 6-bromo-hexanoic acid ethyl ester | 25542-62-5 | C8H15BrO2 | 223.11 |
—— | ethyl 6-iodohexanoate | 13159-24-5 | C8H15IO2 | 270.11 |
6-氧代己酸甲酯 | methyl 6-oxohexanoate | 6654-36-0 | C7H12O3 | 144.17 |
5-甲氧基己酸甲酯 | Methyl 5-methoxyhexanoate | 41796-80-9 | C8H16O3 | 160.213 |
6-羟基己酸甲酯 | methyl 6-hydroxycaproate | 4547-43-7 | C7H14O3 | 146.186 |
—— | ε-(formyl)oxyhexanoic acid | 871-98-7 | C7H12O4 | 160.17 |
己酸甲酯 | methyl hexanoate | 106-70-7 | C7H14O2 | 130.187 |
脂肪酸甲酯 | adipic acid monomethyl ester | 627-91-8 | C7H12O4 | 160.17 |
7-氨基庚酸乙酯(或盐酸盐) | ethyl 7-aminoheptanoate | 1117-66-4 | C9H19NO2 | 173.255 |
8-氟辛酸乙酯 | ethyl 8-fluorooctanoate | 332-97-8 | C10H19FO2 | 190.258 |
6-(丙烯酰氧基)己酸 | 6-acryloyloxyhexanoic acid | 93365-33-4 | C9H14O4 | 186.208 |
3-甲基氧杂环庚烷-2-酮 | 3-methylcaprolactone | 2549-61-3 | C7H12O2 | 128.171 |
7-氧代庚酸甲酯 | methyl 7-oxoheptanoate | 35376-00-2 | C8H14O3 | 158.197 |
—— | 7-thia-15-pentadecanolide | —— | C14H26O2S | 258.425 |
6-羟基己酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 6-hydroxyhexanoate | 73839-20-0 | C10H20O3 | 188.267 |
8-羟基辛酸甲酯 | 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid methyl ester | 20257-95-8 | C9H18O3 | 174.24 |
—— | 6-methacryloyloxyhexanoic acid | 111720-19-5 | C10H16O4 | 200.235 |
6-溴己酸异丙酯 | isopropyl 6-bromohexanoate | 64135-07-5 | C9H17BrO2 | 237.137 |
丁位己内酯 | 5-hexanolide | 823-22-3 | C6H10O2 | 114.144 |
—— | ethyl 8-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoate | 170798-80-8 | C11H22O3 | 202.294 |
6-庚酸甲酯 | methyl hept-6-enoate | 1745-17-1 | C8H14O2 | 142.198 |
6-溴己酸甲酯 | methyl 6-bromohexanoate | 14273-90-6 | C7H13BrO2 | 209.083 |
—— | methyl 6-iodohexanoate | 14273-91-7 | C7H13IO2 | 256.084 |
甲基脂肪酰氯 | methyl adipoyl chloride | 35444-44-1 | C7H11ClO3 | 178.616 |
7-氨基庚酸甲酯 | methyl 7-aminoheptanoate | 39979-08-3 | C8H17NO2 | 159.228 |
—— | methyl 6-hydroxydodecanoate | 84770-43-4 | C13H26O3 | 230.348 |
6-羟基十八烷酸甲酯 | methyl-6-hydroxy octadecanoate | 2379-94-4 | C19H38O3 | 314.509 |
—— | α-octyl-ε-caprolactone | 27898-70-0 | C14H26O2 | 226.359 |
γ-己内酯 | hexan-4-olide | 695-06-7 | C6H10O2 | 114.144 |
—— | ethyl 8-fluoro-4-methyloctanoate | 170798-84-2 | C11H21FO2 | 204.285 |
—— | ethyl 8-hydroxy-2-methyloctanoate | 273384-46-6 | C11H22O3 | 202.294 |
—— | dimethyl-epsilon-caprolactone | 1331-33-5 | C8H14O2 | 142.198 |
—— | 2-Methylene-6-hexanolide | 86953-75-5 | C7H10O2 | 126.155 |
—— | methyl 6,9-dihydroxynonanoate | 479682-89-8 | C10H20O4 | 204.266 |
5-已酸甲酯 | methyl 5-hexenoate | 2396-80-7 | C7H12O2 | 128.171 |
—— | methyl 6,9-dihydroxydecanoate | 479682-91-2 | C11H22O4 | 218.293 |
—— | methyl 6-cyclopentylhexanoate | —— | C12H22O2 | 198.305 |
—— | (Z)-methyl 8-methylnon-6-enoate | 112375-42-5 | C11H20O2 | 184.279 |
(6E)-8-甲基--6-壬烯酸甲基酯-d3 | (E)-methyl 8-methyl-6-nonenoate | 112375-54-9 | C11H20O2 | 184.279 |
6-氧代己酸 | 5-formylvaleric acid | 928-81-4 | C6H10O3 | 130.144 |