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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 食品添加剂 甜味剂

    甜味剂

    甜味剂简介

    甜味剂是一种能够提供甜味但热量较低的食品添加剂。它们广泛用于食品加工、饮料制造以及个人护理产品中，作为糖的替代品来满足人们对甜食的需求同时减少热量摄入。

    常见类型的甜味剂及其特点：

    1. 天然甜味剂：

      • 蔗糖素：来源于植物如甜叶菊。
      • 麦芽糖醇、山梨糖醇等多元醇类，这些是从水果和谷物中提取的天然成分。

    2. 人工合成甜味剂（非营养型）：

      • 甜蜜素：一种合成的有机化合物，具有很高的甜度但不提供热量。
      • 阿斯巴甜：由天冬氨酸和苯丙氨酸衍生物组成，甜度是蔗糖的200倍。

    3. 天然来源的非营养型甜味剂：

      • 天然阿力甜甜素（NAT）：来源于某些植物中的代谢产物。
    甜味剂的应用领域：
    • 饮料和糖果制造
    • 茶叶、果酱等食品加工
    • 医药和个人护理产品
    安全性和争议

    尽管甜味剂在提供低热量或无糖选择方面具有显著优势，但它们的安全性仍存在争议。长期摄入高剂量的某些人工合成甜味剂可能对健康产生不利影响，包括潜在增加糖尿病、肥胖等风险。

    发展趋势：

    随着消费者对健康意识增强以及追求更加自然和健康的饮食习惯，天然来源的甜味剂越来越受到青睐。同时，不断有新的研发进展旨在开发更多功能性、安全且口感优秀的新型甜味剂产品。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    阿斯巴甜 L-Asp-L-Phe-OMe 22839-47-0 C14H18N2O5
    阿斯巴甜
    蔗果五糖 1-fructofuranosylnystose 59432-60-9 C30H52O26
    蔗果五糖
    莱苞迪甙D rebaudioside D 63279-13-0 C50H80O28
    莱苞迪甙D
    罗汉果糖苷 V mogroside V 88901-36-4 C60H102O29
    罗汉果糖苷 V
    纽甜 neotame 165450-17-9 C20H30N2O5
    纽甜
    糖精钾 10332-51-1 C7H5KNO3S
    糖精钾
    糖精钙 6485-34-3 C7H5CaNO3S
    糖精钙
    甜蜜素 Sodium Cyclamate, analytical standard 139-05-9 C6H13NNaO3S
    甜蜜素
    甜菊糖 stevioside 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    甜菊糖
    甘草酸钠 Disodium glycyrrhizinate 71277-79-7 C42H59Na2O16-
    甘草酸钠
    甘草次酸 enoxolone 471-53-4 C30H46O4
    甘草次酸
    瑞鲍迪甙M rebaudioside M 1220616-44-3 C56H90O33
    瑞鲍迪甙M
    果聚糖(沙雷氏菌属) (2R,3S,4S,5S)-5-{[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-5-({[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol 9013-95-0 C18H32O16
    果聚糖(沙雷氏菌属)
    帕拉金糖 6-α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-fructofuranose 497-84-7 C12H22O11
    帕拉金糖
    山梨醇 D-sorbitol 50-70-4 C6H14O6
    山梨醇
    安赛蜜 55589-62-3 C4H5KNO4S
    安赛蜜
    安赛蜜 acetosulfam 33665-90-6 C4H5NO4S
    安赛蜜
    奇迹蛋白 Thaumatin 53850-34-3 C19H29N3O3S
    奇迹蛋白
    ω-苄基苯乙酮 dihydrochalcone 1083-30-3 C15H14O
    ω-苄基苯乙酮
    L-天门冬酰-N-(2,2,4,4-四甲基-3-硫杂环丁基)-D-丙氨酰胺 alitame 80863-62-3 C14H25N3O4S
    L-天门冬酰-N-(2,2,4,4-四甲基-3-硫杂环丁基)-D-丙氨酰胺
    D-阿洛酮糖 D-psicose 551-68-8 C6H12O6
    D-阿洛酮糖
    2-己酮醣 fructose 87-79-6 C6H12O6
    2-己酮醣
    2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)丙酸 2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propanoic acid 13794-15-5 C10H12O4
    2-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)丙酸
    —— [(2S,4S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13R)-13-[(2R,3R,4S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [(2S,4S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13R)-13-[(2R,3R,4S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— Pharmakon1600-01506104 55589-62-3 C4H5KNO4S+
    Pharmakon1600-01506104
    —— Alitame hydrate 99016-42-9 C28H60N6O13S2
    Alitame hydrate
    —— 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one 8013-17-0 C12H24O12
    2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one
    —— Calcium saccharin 6381-91-5 C14H8CaN2O6S2
    Calcium saccharin
    —— Rebaudioside D 63279-13-0 C50H80O28
    Rebaudioside D
    —— [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S,5R,9S,10R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S,5R,9S,10R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S,5R,9S,10R,13R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4S,5R,9S,10R,13R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1S,4S,5R,9S,10R)-13-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1S,4S,5R,9S,10R)-13-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [(3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol;(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol 8013-17-0 C12H24O12
    (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol;(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
    —— [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,4S,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,4S,5R,9S,10R,13S)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13S)-13-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13S)-13-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1R,5R,9S,13R)-13-[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (9R,10S,13S)-13-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (9R,10S,13S)-13-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1S,5R,9R,13S)-13-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1S,5R,9R,13S)-13-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecane-5-carboxylate
    —— Levan 9013-95-0 C18H32O16
    Levan
    —— Asugryn 139-05-9 C6H13NNaO3S+
    Asugryn
    —— Stevioside,(S) 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    Stevioside,(S)
    —— potassium saccharinate 10332-51-1 C7H4NO3S*K
    potassium saccharinate
    —— glycero-hexitol 50-70-4 C6H14O6
    glycero-hexitol
    —— Glycyrrhetic acid 471-53-4 C30H46O4
    Glycyrrhetic acid
    —— 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid 471-53-4 C30H46O4
    18β-glycyrrhetinic acid
    —— sodium cyclamate 139-05-9 C6H12NO3S*Na
    sodium cyclamate
    —— potassium acesulfame 55589-62-3 C4H4NO4S*K
    potassium acesulfame
    —— 5-[[5-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol 9013-95-0 C18H32O16
    5-[[5-[[3,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol
    —— 1-O-{13-[(2-O-hexopyranosylhexopyranosyl)oxy]-18-oxokaur-16-en-18-yl}hexopyranose 57817-89-7 C38H60O18
    1-O-{13-[(2-O-hexopyranosylhexopyranosyl)oxy]-18-oxokaur-16-en-18-yl}hexopyranose