Solubility and Phase Behaviors of AOT Analogue Surfactants in 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
摘要:
A series of AOT (aerosol-OT) analogue surfactants (sodium salt of dibutyl-2-sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of dipentyl-2- sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of dihexyl-2-sulfosuccinate, and sodium salt of dioctyl-2-sulfosuccinate) were synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR and elemental analysis. A static method coupled with gravimetric analysis is developed to measure the solubility of the surfactants in 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)). The solubilities of the surfactants in HFC-134a and scCO(2) are affected by the temperature, pressure, and carbon atom number of the surfactant. The solubility of the same surfactant in HFC-134a solvent is approximately two times that in the most commonly used supercritical solvent CO(2). The pressure-temperature phase diagrams for water/HFC-134a microemulsions stabilized by the surfactants were determined using cloud-point measurements for a concentration range of the surfactant from (1.85 x 10(-3) to 5.60 x 10(-3)) M, temperature up to 338 K, and pressure up to 40 MPa in a high-pressure vessel. At a fixed temperature, the cloud-point pressure increased with increasing water-to-surfactant molar ratio (W(o)). At a fixed Wo, the cloud-point pressure decreased with increasing temperature. The surfactant with the longest hydrocarbon chain has the highest cloud-point pressure even at lower surfactant concentrations.
Solubility and Phase Behaviors of AOT Analogue Surfactants in 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
摘要:
A series of AOT (aerosol-OT) analogue surfactants (sodium salt of dibutyl-2-sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of dipentyl-2- sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of dihexyl-2-sulfosuccinate, and sodium salt of dioctyl-2-sulfosuccinate) were synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR and elemental analysis. A static method coupled with gravimetric analysis is developed to measure the solubility of the surfactants in 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)). The solubilities of the surfactants in HFC-134a and scCO(2) are affected by the temperature, pressure, and carbon atom number of the surfactant. The solubility of the same surfactant in HFC-134a solvent is approximately two times that in the most commonly used supercritical solvent CO(2). The pressure-temperature phase diagrams for water/HFC-134a microemulsions stabilized by the surfactants were determined using cloud-point measurements for a concentration range of the surfactant from (1.85 x 10(-3) to 5.60 x 10(-3)) M, temperature up to 338 K, and pressure up to 40 MPa in a high-pressure vessel. At a fixed temperature, the cloud-point pressure increased with increasing water-to-surfactant molar ratio (W(o)). At a fixed Wo, the cloud-point pressure decreased with increasing temperature. The surfactant with the longest hydrocarbon chain has the highest cloud-point pressure even at lower surfactant concentrations.
This application relates to derivatives of hydrocarbon terpenes (e.g., myrcene or farnesene), to methods of making the derivatives, and to the use of the derivatives as surfactants.
Antifungal properties of 2-bromo-3-fluorosuccinic acid esters and related compounds
作者:Herman Gershon、Larry Shanks
DOI:10.1021/jm00214a038
日期:1977.4
The most fungitoxic compound in this study was threo-ethyl 2-bromo-3-fluorosuccinate (C. albicans, 14 mug/ml; A. niger, 30 mug/ml; M. mucedo, 9 mug/ml; T. mentagrophytes, 5 mug/ml). Due to the ease of dehydrohalogenation, the fungitoxicity of 2-bromo-3-fluorosuccinic acid esters may be the result of a mixture composed of the parent compound, the bromo- and fluorofumaric acid esters, and HF and HBr
测试了在不存在pH值5.7和7.0的条件下,对12-溴-和2-2-溴-3-氟代琥珀酸和邻氨基苯甲酸琥珀酸酯(C1-C6)的抗白色念珠菌,黑曲霉,Mucor mucedo和毛癣菌的抗真菌活性。 Sabouraud葡萄糖琼脂中含有10%的牛肉血清。在pH 7.0下,存在10%的牛肉血清时,未观察到赤型和苏型-2-溴-3-氟代琥珀酸酯的真菌毒性的一致规律。增加酯官能团的长度会如下影响真菌毒性:C2大于C1大于C3大于C4大于C5大于C6。在这项研究中,对真菌毒性最大的化合物是2-溴-3-氟丁二酸苏-乙基(白色念珠菌,14杯/毫升;黑曲霉,30杯/毫升; M. mucedo,9杯/毫升;薄荷草, 5杯/毫升)。由于易于脱卤化氢,
[EN] MULTIFUNCTIONAL AMINOQUINOLINE THERAPEUTIC AGENTS<br/>[FR] AGENTS THÉRAPEUTIQUES MULTIFONCTIONNELS À BASE D'AMINOQUINOLINE
申请人:LOHOCLA RES CORP
公开号:WO2015195943A1
公开(公告)日:2015-12-23
Aminoquinoline compounds useful for treating chronic pain, addiction, and other conditions are provided. The aminoquinoline compound is represented by Formula (I) which is defined in the specification.
提供用于治疗慢性疼痛、成瘾和其他疾病的氨基喹啉化合物。氨基喹啉化合物由规范中定义的式(I)表示。
Nonaqueous electrolyte solution and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
申请人:ADEKA CORPORATION
公开号:US10734684B2
公开(公告)日:2020-08-04
Disclosed is a nonaqueous secondary battery having a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt dissolved in an organic solvent, in which the positive electrode active material is preferably a manganese-containing, lithium transition metal oxide salt. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains at least one compound of general formula (1), preferably at least one compound of general formula (1′). The content of the compound of formula (1) or (1′) in the nonaqueous electrolyte is preferably 0.001 to 10 mass %. The symbols in formulae (1) and (1′) are as defined in the description.
Process for the production of silyl carboxylate monomers
申请人:SIGMA COATINGS B.V.
公开号:EP1431301A1
公开(公告)日:2004-06-23
A process for the production of hydrocarbyl silyl unsaturated carboxylates of formula (I) is described,
wherein n represents a number of dihydrocarbylsiloxane units from 0 to 1000.
The process includes the reaction of an unsaturated carboxylic acid of formula (II)
with a hydrocarbyl silyl compound of formula (III)
the said reaction being carried out in the presence of a silaphilic catalyst.