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姜黄素 | 458-37-7

中文名称
姜黄素
中文别名
1,7-双(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1,6-庚二烯-3,5-二酮;克扣明;天然黄3;酸性黄;姜黄色素;E-100
英文名称
curcumin
英文别名
1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione;diferuloylmethane;(1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione;(1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione;Cur;(E,E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione;1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione;curcumin I;curcumine;CCM;1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadien-3,5-dione;bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione;bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-diene-3,5-dione;cucurmin;turmeric;natural yellow 3;Turmeric yellow;CMN
姜黄素化学式
CAS
458-37-7
化学式
C21H20O6
mdl
MFCD00008365
分子量
368.386
InChiKey
VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    183 °C
  • 沸点:
    418.73°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    0.93
  • 蒸气密度:
    13 (vs air)
  • 闪点:
    208.9±23.6 °C
  • 溶解度:
    乙醇:10 mg/mL
  • 最大波长(λmax):
    430nm
  • LogP:
    3.290 (est)
  • 物理描述:
    Curcumin appears as orange-yellow needles. (NTP, 1992)
  • 颜色/状态:
    Orange-yellow, crystal powder; gives brownish-red color with alkali; light-yellow color with acids
  • 蒸汽压力:
    3.08X10-12 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. 按照规定使用和存储,不会发生分解,避免与氧化物接触。
  • 分解:
    Hazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. - Carbon oxides
  • 碰撞截面:
    201.6 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    3.2
  • 重原子数:
    27
  • 可旋转键数:
    8
  • 环数:
    2.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.142
  • 拓扑面积:
    93.1
  • 氢给体数:
    2
  • 氢受体数:
    6

ADMET

代谢
姜黄素最初会通过O-结合迅速在小肠内代谢,形成姜黄素葡萄糖苷酸和姜黄素硫酸盐。形成的其他代谢物包括四氢姜黄素、六氢姜黄素和六氢姜黄醇,这些是通过还原反应产生的。姜黄素还可能在肝脏中经历密集的二次代谢,其中主要的代谢物是四氢姜黄素和六氢姜黄素的葡萄糖苷酸,以及二氢阿魏酸和微量的阿魏酸作为进一步的代谢物。预计肝代谢物会通过胆汁排出。某些姜黄素代谢物,如四氢姜黄素,保留有抗炎和抗氧化的特性。
Initially, curcumin undergoes rapid intestinal metabolism to form curcumin glucuronide and curcumin sulfate via O-conjugation. Other metabolites formed include tetrahydrocurcumin, hexahydrocurcumin, and hexahydrocurcuminol via reduction. Curcumin may also undergo intensive second metabolism in the liver where the major metabolites were glucuronides of tetrahydrocurcumin and hexahydrocurcumin, with dihydroferulic acid and traces of ferulic acid as further metabolites. Hepatic metabolites are expected to be excreted in the bile. Certain curcumin metabolites, such as tetrahydrocurcumin, retain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
来源:DrugBank
代谢
iv & ip 给药的 (3)H-姜黄色素在大鼠胆汁中排出。主要代谢物是四氢姜黄色素和六氢姜黄色素的葡萄糖苷酸。次要代谢物是二氢阿魏酸,以及微量的阿魏酸。
Iv & ip doses of (3)H-curcumin excreted in bile of cannulated rats. Major metab were glucuronides of tetrahydrocurcumin & hexahydrocurcumin. Minor metab was dihydroferulic acid together with traces of ferulic acid.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
姜黄素已知的人类代谢物包括O-去甲基姜黄素和姜黄素4-O-葡萄糖苷酸。
Curcumin has known human metabolites that include O-demethyl curcumin and Curcumin 4-O-glucuronide.
来源:NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
毒理性
  • 在妊娠和哺乳期间的影响
◉ 母乳喂养期间的使用概述:姜黄(Curcuma longa)根茎含有姜黄素等化合物。目前没有数据表明姜黄中的任何成分会排入母乳中。一项小型研究发现,暴露于姜黄牛奶中的婴儿没有不良反应。美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)将姜黄作为食品成分“普遍认为安全”(GRAS)。即使在高剂量下,姜黄通常也能被很好地耐受,但已报告有胃肠道副作用,如恶心和腹泻,以及过敏反应。姜黄可能会增加服用华法林和抗血小板药物患者的出血风险。由于缺乏数据,建议在哺乳期间避免使用超出食物调味剂中含量的姜黄。在印度,姜黄曾被用作催乳剂;然而,没有科学数据支持这种用途。事实上,姜黄素在体外实验中会抑制哺乳期乳腺上皮细胞的乳汁产生。在泰国,据报道,姜黄是用于缩短充分哺乳时间的局部草药混合物的一部分,也是用于乳房充血的局部草药混合物的一部分。催乳剂不应替代评估和咨询影响乳汁产量的可改变因素。在印度,姜黄是用于治疗乳头疼痛的膏体的一部分,伊朗的一项质量适中的研究发现,姜黄比母乳更有效。然而,已报告接触含有姜黄素的产品后出现接触性皮炎。姜黄产品通常含有胡椒碱以增强姜黄素的吸收。有关胡椒碱在哺乳期间的信息可以在LactMed网站上找到。 ◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响:在一项研究中,哺乳期母亲接受了含有姜黄籽200毫克、姜黄100毫克和姜120毫克(Fenucaps;泰国Herbal Acharn's Home Co. Ltd.)的胶囊,每天三次,持续4周,没有报告他们的婴儿出现不良事件,尽管确定这一发现所使用的方法没有报告。 ◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:一项随机研究比较了患有乳腺炎的哺乳母亲使用含有姜黄素(n = 32)的乳膏与安慰剂(n = 31)乳膏的治疗效果,乳腺炎定义为以下两种情况:红斑、乳房紧张和乳房疼痛。乳膏在受影响的乳房上每天三次,持续3天。两组的乳腺炎都有所改善,但接受姜黄素乳膏的组改善更大。作者声称这项研究是双盲的;然而,姜黄素颜色鲜亮,没有提及安慰剂乳膏的颜色。这种差异可能抵消了研究的盲法。 研究了一种含有姜、姜黄和樟脑的泰国草药热敷,评估了将热敷贴在乳房上对泌乳的影响。研究表明,与产后增强泌乳的常规临床护理相比,热敷缩短了泌乳时间。 在一项针对乳房充血的妇女的随机试验中,比较了温暖的热敷与含有干草药混合物的温暖热敷,包括姜、柠檬草、Stapf叶和叶鞘、Acacia concinna叶、罗望子叶、Citrus hystrix(青柠)皮、Blumea balsamifera(sambong)叶、盐和樟脑。两种治疗方法都缓解了充血的疼痛,但接受含有草药的热敷的妇女(n = 250)比那些仅接受温暖热敷的妇女有更大的疼痛缓解。由于治疗之间的可能颜色和气味差异,该研究不能被视为盲法。 在泰国,50位产后1个月且仅通过母乳喂养的妇女被随机分配到接受安慰剂或含有姜黄籽200毫克、姜黄100毫克和姜120毫克(Fenucaps;泰国Herbal Acharn's Home Co. Ltd.)的胶囊,每天三次,持续4周。参与者在研究的0、2和4周泵奶2天。在2周时,接受活性产品的参与者的平均奶量增加了49%,在4周时增加了103%。在4周内,两组的乳汁宏量营养素组成没有变化。婴儿的生长没有报告。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome contains curcuminoids such as curcumin. No data exist on the excretion of any components of turmeric into breastmilk. A small study found no adverse effects in infants exposed to turmeric in milk. Turmeric is "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) as a food ingredient by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Turmeric is generally well tolerated even in high doses, but gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and diarrhea, and allergic reactions have been reported. Turmeric may increase the risk of bleeding in patients taking warfarin and antiplatelet drugs. Because of a lack of data, turmeric in amounts higher than those found in foods as a flavoring should probably be avoided during breastfeeding. Turmeric has been used as a galactogogue in India; however, no scientific data support this use. In fact, curcumin suppresses milk production in lactating mammary epithelial cells in vitro. In Thailand it is reportedly used as part of a topical herbal mixture to shorten the time to full lactation and also part of a topical herbal mixture used for breast engorgement. Galactogogues should never replace evaluation and counseling on modifiable factors that affect milk production. In India turmeric is a component of a paste applied to the breasts for sore nipples, and one study in Iran of moderate quality found it more effective than breastmilk for this use. However, contact dermatitis has been reported after contact of the skin with curcumin-containing products. Turmeric products often contain piperine to enhance the absorption of curcuminoids. Information on piperine in breastfeeding can be found in the LactMed record on Black Pepper. Dietary supplements do not require extensive pre-marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Manufacturers are responsible to ensure the safety, but do not need to prove the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements before they are marketed. Dietary supplements may contain multiple ingredients, and differences are often found between labeled and actual ingredients or their amounts. A manufacturer may contract with an independent organization to verify the quality of a product or its ingredients, but that does not certify the safety or effectiveness of a product. Because of the above issues, clinical testing results on one product may not be applicable to other products. More detailed information about dietary supplements is available elsewhere on the LactMed Web site. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:In a study of exclusively nursing mothers receiving fenugreek seed 200 mg, turmeric 100 mg and ginger 120 mg (Fenucaps; Herbal Acharn's Home Co. Ltd., Thailand) 3 times daily for 4 weeks, no adverse events were reported in their infants, although the method used to determine this finding were not reported. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:A randomized study of nursing mothers with mastitis compared a cream containing curcumin (n = 32) to a placebo (n = 31) cream in the treatment of mastitis, defined as two of the following: erythema, breast tension and breast pain. Cream was applied to the affected breast 3 times daily for 3 days. Mastitis improved in both groups, but the improvement was greater in the group that received the curcumin cream. The authors claimed that the study was double-blinded; however, curcumin has a bright yellow color, and no mention was made of the color of the placebo cream. This difference may have negated the blinding of the study. Studies of Thai herbal compresses containing ginger, turmeric and camphor have evaluated the effect of application of the compresses to the breasts on lactation. The studies showed that the compresses shortened the time to lactation postpartum compared to routine clinical care for enhancing lactation. A randomized trial in women with breast engorgement compared warm compresses to warm compresses containing a mixture of dried herbs, including ginger, lemon grass, Stapf leaves and leaf sheaths, Acacia concinna leaves, tamarind leaves, Citrus hystrix (kaffir lime) peels, Blumea balsamifera (sambong) leaves, salt and camphor. Both treatments relived the pain of engorgement, but women who received the compress with herbs (n = 250) had greater pain relief than those who received the warm compress alone. Because of the possible color and odor differences between treatments, the study cannot be considered to be blinded. Fifty women in Thailand who were 1 month postpartum and exclusively breastfeeding were randomized to receive either a placebo or capsules containing fenugreek seed 200 mg, turmeric 100 mg and ginger 120 mg (Fenucaps; Herbal Acharn's Home Co. Ltd., Thailand) 3 times daily for 4 weeks. Participants pumped milk on 2 days at 0, 2 and 4 weeks of the study. The average milk volumes increased by 49% at 2 weeks and 103% at 4 weeks among participants receiving the active product. The macronutrient composition of the milk did not change in either group over the 4-week period. Growth of infants was not reported.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
  • 在妊娠和哺乳期间的影响
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用概述:黄连(Hydrastis canadensis)根含有小檗碱和其他异喹啉生物碱。黄连传统上被用作全身和局部抗感染药物,尽管其疗效和安全性的高质量研究缺乏。它还被用来掩饰尿液中的非法药物,尽管在现代实验室方法下似乎无效。哺乳期母亲将黄连外用于治疗乳头疼痛。目前没有关于黄连任何成分排入母乳或黄连在哺乳期母亲中的安全性有效性的数据。小檗碱可以从血清白蛋白中置换胆红素,这引起了人们对新生儿暴露的关注,因为胆红素会在婴儿大脑中积聚,造成脑损伤。然而,小檗碱从母亲传给婴儿的程度尚不清楚。大多数来源建议避免通过哺乳或其他方式使新生儿接触黄连。 膳食补充剂不需要美国食品药品监督管理局的广泛市场前批准。制造商负责确保安全,但在市场销售前不需要证明膳食补充剂的安全性和有效性。膳食补充剂可能含有多种成分,标签和实际成分或其含量之间常常存在差异。制造商可以与独立组织签订合同,以验证产品的质量或其成分,但这并不证明产品的安全或有效性。由于上述问题,对一种产品的临床测试结果可能不适用于其他产品。关于膳食补充剂的更详细信息可以在LactMed网站的其它地方找到。 ◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响:截至修订日期,没有找到相关已发表的信息。 ◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:截至修订日期,没有找到相关已发表的信息。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) root contains berberine and other isoquinoline alkaloids. Goldenseal has traditionally been used as an anti-infective both systemically and topically, although high-quality studies of its efficacy and safety are lacking. It has also been used to mask illicit drugs in the urine, although it appears to be ineffective with modern laboratory methods. Goldenseal has been used topically by nursing mothers to treat sore nipples. No data exist on the excretion of any components of goldenseal into breastmilk or on the safety and efficacy of goldenseal in nursing mothers. Berberine can displace bilirubin from serum albumin, causing concern about exposure of newborn infants, because bilirubin can build up in the infant's brain, causing brain damage. However, the extent of berberine's passage from the mother to the infant is unknown. Most sources recommend avoiding exposure of neonates to goldenseal via breastfeeding or otherwise. Dietary supplements do not require extensive pre-marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Manufacturers are responsible to ensure the safety, but do not need to prove the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements before they are marketed. Dietary supplements may contain multiple ingredients, and differences are often found between labeled and actual ingredients or their amounts. A manufacturer may contract with an independent organization to verify the quality of a product or its ingredients, but that does not certify the safety or effectiveness of a product. Because of the above issues, clinical testing results on one product may not be applicable to other products. More detailed information about dietary supplements is available elsewhere on the LactMed Web site. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
地下水砷污染一直是印度西孟加拉邦的健康隐患。DNA的氧化应激被认为是砷致癌性的潜在机制。来自姜黄的植物化学物质姜黄素似乎是一种强大的抗氧化剂和抗突变剂。使用姜黄预防DNA损伤可能是对抗砷毒性的有效策略。在西孟加拉邦的Chakdah区块进行的现场试验评估了姜黄素对抗砷遗传毒性的作用。通过彗星试验和荧光激活DNA解旋试验评估人淋巴细胞的DNA损伤。通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)在血液中分析姜黄素。砷诱导的氧化应激以及姜黄素的拮抗作用通过观察活性氧种(ROS)生成、脂质过氧化和蛋白质羰基来进行阐述。还分析了像过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和非酶促谷胱甘肽这样的抗氧化酶。流行区域血液样本显示严重的DNA损伤,ROS和脂质过氧化水平升高。发现抗氧化剂的活性降低。三个月的姜黄素干预减少了DNA损伤,延缓了ROS生成和脂质过氧化,并提高了抗氧化活性的水平。因此,姜黄素可能对防止砷引起的DNA损伤具有某种保护作用。
Groundwater arsenic contamination has been a health hazard for West Bengal, India. Oxidative stress to DNA is recognized as an underlying mechanism of arsenic carcinogenicity. A phytochemical, curcumin, from turmeric appears to be potent antioxidant and antimutagenic agent. DNA damage prevention with curcumin could be an effective strategy to combat arsenic toxicity. This field trial in Chakdah block of West Bengal evaluated the role of curcumin against the genotoxic effects of arsenic. DNA damage in human lymphocytes was assessed by comet assay and fluorescence-activated DNA unwinding assay. Curcumin was analyzed in blood by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Arsenic induced oxidative stress and elucidation of the antagonistic role of curcumin was done by observation on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl. Antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathioneS-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and non-enzymatic glutathione were also analyzed. The blood samples of the endemic regions showed severe DNA damage with increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation. The antioxidants were found with depleted activity. Three months curcumin intervention reduced the DNA damage, retarded ROS generation and lipid peroxidation and raised the level of antioxidant activity. Thus curcumin may have some protective role against the DNA damage caused by arsenic.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
为了确定姜黄素是否减轻急性及慢性放射性皮肤毒性,并检查在相同的急性期和慢性期间炎症细胞因子(白细胞介素[IL]-1、IL-6、IL-18、IL-1Ra、肿瘤坏死因子[TNF]-α和淋巴毒素-β)或纤维化细胞因子(转化生长因子[TGF]-β)的表达。将姜黄素通过灌胃或腹腔注射给C3H/HeN小鼠,分别在辐射前5天、辐射后5天,或者辐射前后各5天给予。在单次50 Gy辐射剂量给予后肢后的15-21天(急性)和90天(慢性)评估皮肤损伤。收集皮肤和肌肉组织以测量细胞因子mRNA。在辐射前后给予姜黄素,显著减少了小鼠的急性及慢性皮肤毒性(p < 0.05)。此外,姜黄素在辐射后21天的皮肤组织中显著降低了早期响应细胞因子(IL-1、IL-6、IL-18、TNF-α和淋巴毒素-β)和纤维化细胞因子TGF-β的mRNA表达。姜黄素对小鼠辐射诱导的皮肤损伤具有保护作用,这种作用的特点是辐射后的皮肤和肌肉中炎症和纤维化细胞因子的下调,尤其是在辐射后的早期阶段。这些结果可能为姜黄素在临床放射治疗中的应用提供了分子基础。
To determine whether curcumin ameliorates acute and chronic radiation skin toxicity and to examine the expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-6, IL-18, IL-1Ra, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, and lymphotoxin-beta) or fibrogenic cytokines (transforming growth factor [TGF]-beta) during the same acute and chronic phases. Curcumin was given intragastrically or intraperitoneally to C3H/HeN mice either: 5 days before radiation; 5 days after radiation; or both 5 days before and 5 days after radiation. The cutaneous damage was assessed at 15-21 days (acute) and 90 days (chronic) after a single 50 Gy radiation dose was given to the hind leg. Skin and muscle tissues were collected for measurement of cytokine mRNA. Curcumin, administered before or after radiation, markedly reduced acute and chronic skin toxicity in mice (p < 0.05). Additionally, curcumin significantly decreased mRNA expression of early responding cytokines (IL-1 IL-6, IL-18, TNF-alpha, and lymphotoxin-beta) and the fibrogenic cytokine, TGF-beta, in cutaneous tissues at 21 days postradiation. Curcumin has a protective effect on radiation-induced cutaneous damage in mice, which is characterized by a downregulation of both inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines in irradiated skin and muscle, particularly in the early phase after radiation. These results may provide the molecular basis for the application of curcumin in clinical radiation therapy.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
本研究旨在评估姜黄素在保护Wistar大鼠免受硒诱导的肝脏和肾脏毒性方面的效果。仅用硒处理的鼠类的光镜评估显示,肝脏被单核细胞浸润,出现空泡化、坏死和明显的变性。对照组肝脏切片显示实质细胞具有规则的形态,肝细胞和窦状隙保持完整。仅用硒处理的鼠类肾脏显示上皮细胞出现空泡变性变化,细胞增殖伴纤维化,毛细血管壁增厚,和肾小球团块萎缩。这些变化也出现在同时用硒和姜黄素处理的大鼠以及先用硒处理然后24小时后用姜黄素处理的大鼠中。有趣的是,先用姜黄素处理然后24小时后用硒处理的大鼠肝脏和肾脏中并未观察到由硒诱导的这种变性变化。这清楚地表明姜黄素对硒毒性具有保护作用。为了理解姜黄素可能的作用机制,研究人员通过免疫组化分析了诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达,结果显示仅由硒诱导的肝脏和肾脏中iNOS表达增加。在先用姜黄素处理然后24小时后用硒处理的大鼠肝脏和肾脏中,这种高水平的iNOS被抑制。根据组织学结果,可以得出结论,姜黄素作为一种保护剂,能够抵抗硒诱导的肝脏和肾脏毒性,这种作用可能是通过姜黄素对iNOS表达的调节作用实现的。
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of curcumin in protecting against selenium-induced toxicity in liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Light microscopy evaluation of selenium alone administered rats showed liver to be infiltrated with mononuclear cells, vacuolation, necrosis, and pronounced degeneration. Control liver sections showed a regular morphology of parenchymal cells with intact hepatocytes and sinusoids. Kidney from selenium alone administered rats showed vacuolar degeneration changes in the epithelial cells, cellular proliferation with fibrosis, thickening of capillary walls, and glomerular tuft atrophy. Such changes were also observed in rats administered with selenium and curcumin simultaneously and rats administered first with selenium and then curcumin 24 hr later. Interestingly, such degenerative changes observed in liver and kidney induced by selenium were not seen in rats that were administered with curcumin first and selenium 24 hr later. This clearly suggests the protective nature of curcumin against selenium toxicity. To understand the probable mechanism of action of curcumin, /investigators/ analyzed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression by immunohistochemistry, and the results showed an increased iNOS expression in selenium-alone induced liver and kidney. Such high iNOS levels were inhibited in liver and kidney of rats pretreated with curcumin and then with selenium 24 hr later. Based on the histological results, it can be concluded that curcumin functions as a protective agent against selenium-induced toxicity in liver as well as kidney, and this action is probably by the regulatory role of curcumin on iNOS expression.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
姜黄素在胃肠道中的吸收较差。在一项大鼠研究中,单次口服2克姜黄素后,血浆浓度低于5微克/毫升,这表明姜黄素从肠道吸收不良。
Curcumin displays poor absorption into the gastrointestinal tract. In a rat study, oral administration of a single dose of 2 g of curcumin resulted in a plasma concentration of less than 5 μg/mL, indicating poor absorption from the gut.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 消除途径
在大鼠口服给予姜黄素1克/千克体重剂量后,约75%的剂量通过粪便排出,仅在尿液中检测到少量化合物。当大鼠口服单次400毫克剂量的姜黄素时,约60%被吸收,40%未改变地在5天内通过粪便排出。腹腔注射给药导致粪便排出73%,胆汁排出11%。
Following oral administration of curcumin to rats at a dose of 1 g/kg bw, about 75% of dose was excreted in the faeces and only traces of the compound was detected in the urine. When a single 400 mg dose of curcumin was administered orally to rats, about 60% was absorbed and 40% was excreted unchanged in the faeces over an period of 5 days. Intraperitoneal administration resulted in fecal excretion of 73% and biliary excretion of 11%.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 分布容积
在大鼠口服放射性标记的姜黄素后,检测到肝脏和肾脏中的放射性活性。
Following oral administration of radio-labelled curcumin to rats, radioactivity was detected in the liver and kidneys.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 清除
无药代动力学数据可用。
No pharmacokinetic data available.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
口服和腹腔注射 (3)H-姜黄素导致大部分放射性物质随粪便排出。静脉注射和腹腔注射的剂量在大鼠的胆汁中很好地排出。
Oral & ip doses of (3)H-curcumin led to fecal excretion of most of radioactivity. Iv & ip doses were well excreted in bile of cannulated rats.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险品标志:
    Xi
  • 安全说明:
    S26,S36
  • 危险类别码:
    R36/37/38
  • WGK Germany:
    2
  • 海关编码:
    2932999099
  • 危险品运输编号:
    NONH for all modes of transport
  • RTECS号:
    MI5230000
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险类别:
    3
  • 危险标志:
    GHS07
  • 危险性描述:
    H315,H319,H335
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P261,P305 + P351 + P338
  • 储存条件:
    密封保存,并置于通风干燥处,避免与其它氧化物接触。

SDS

SDS:8d966d73d20595ac579281dd38d26874
查看
1.1 产品标识符
: Curcumin
产品名称
1.2 鉴别的其他方法
无数据资料
1.3 有关的确定了的物质或混合物的用途和建议不适合的用途
仅供科研用途,不作为药物、家庭备用药或其它用途。

模块 2. 危险性概述
2.1 GHS分类
急性毒性, 经口 (类别5)
皮肤刺激 (类别2)
眼刺激 (类别2A)
特异性靶器官系统毒性(一次接触) (类别3)
2.2 GHS 标记要素,包括预防性的陈述
象形图
警示词 警告
危险申明
H303 吞咽可能有害。
H315 造成皮肤刺激。
H319 造成严重眼刺激。
H335 可能引起呼吸道刺激。
警告申明
预防
P261 避免吸入粉尘/烟/气体/烟雾/蒸气/喷雾.
P264 操作后彻底清洁皮肤。
P271 只能在室外或通风良好之处使用。
P280 穿戴防护手套/ 眼保护罩/ 面部保护罩。
措施
P302 + P352 如与皮肤接触,用大量肥皂和水冲洗受感染部位.
P304 + P340 如吸入,将患者移至新鲜空气处并保持呼吸顺畅的姿势休息.
P305 + P351 + P338 如与眼睛接触,用水缓慢温和地冲洗几分钟。如戴隐形眼镜并可方便地取
出,取出隐形眼镜,然后继续冲洗.
P312 如感觉不适,呼救中毒控制中心或医生.
P321 具体治疗(见本标签上提供的急救指导)。
P332 + P313 如发生皮肤刺激:求医/ 就诊。
P337 + P313 如仍觉眼睛刺激:求医/就诊。 如仍觉眼睛刺激:求医/就诊.
P362 脱掉沾染的衣服,清洗后方可重新使用。
储存
P403 + P233 存放于通风良的地方。 保持容器密闭。
P405 存放处须加锁。
处理
P501 将内容物/ 容器处理到得到批准的废物处理厂。
2.3 其它危害物 - 无

模块 3. 成分/组成信息
3.1 物 质
: C21H20O6
分子式
: 368.38 g/mol
分子量
组分 浓度或浓度范围
1,7-Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione
-
CAS 号 458-37-7
EC-编号 207-280-5

模块 4. 急救措施
4.1 必要的急救措施描述
一般的建议
请教医生。 出示此安全技术说明书给到现场的医生看。
吸入
如果吸入,请将患者移到新鲜空气处。 如果停止了呼吸,给于人工呼吸。 请教医生。
皮肤接触
用肥皂和大量的水冲洗。 请教医生。
眼睛接触
用大量水彻底冲洗至少15分钟并请教医生。
食入
切勿给失去知觉者从嘴里喂食任何东西。 用水漱口。 请教医生。
4.2 主要症状和影响,急性和迟发效应
据我们所知,此化学,物理和毒性性质尚未经完整的研究。
4.3 及时的医疗处理和所需的特殊处理的说明和指示
无数据资料

模块 5. 消防措施
5.1 灭火介质
灭火方法及灭火剂
用水雾,耐醇泡沫,干粉或二氧化碳灭火。
5.2 源于此物质或混合物的特别的危害
碳氧化物
5.3 给消防员的建议
如必要的话,戴自给式呼吸器去救火。
5.4 进一步信息
无数据资料

模块 6. 泄露应急处理
6.1 人员的预防,防护设备和紧急处理程序
使用个人防护设备。 防止粉尘的生成。 防止吸入蒸汽、气雾或气体。 保证充分的通风。
将人员撤离到安全区域。 避免吸入粉尘。
6.2 环境保护措施
不要让产物进入下水道。
6.3 抑制和清除溢出物的方法和材料
收集、处理泄漏物,不要产生灰尘。 扫掉和铲掉。 存放进适当的闭口容器中待处理。
6.4 参考其他部分
丢弃处理请参阅第13节。

模块 7. 操作处置与储存
7.1 安全操作的注意事项
避免接触皮肤和眼睛。 防止粉尘和气溶胶生成。
在有粉尘生成的地方,提供合适的排风设备。
7.2 安全储存的条件,包括任何不兼容性
贮存在阴凉处。 容器保持紧闭,储存在干燥通风处。
建议的贮存温度: 2 - 8 °C
7.3 特定用途
无数据资料

模块 8. 接触控制和个体防护
8.1 容许浓度
最高容许浓度
没有已知的国家规定的暴露极限。
8.2 暴露控制
适当的技术控制
按照良好工业和安全规范操作。 休息前和工作结束时洗手。
个体防护设备
眼/面保护
带有防护边罩的安全眼镜符合 EN166要求请使用经官方标准如NIOSH (美国) 或 EN 166(欧盟)
检测与批准的设备防护眼部。
皮肤保护
戴手套取 手套在使用前必须受检查。
请使用合适的方法脱除手套(不要接触手套外部表面),避免任何皮肤部位接触此产品.
使用后请将被污染过的手套根据相关法律法规和有效的实验室规章程序谨慎处理. 请清洗并吹干双手
所选择的保护手套必须符合EU的89/686/EEC规定和从它衍生出来的EN 376标准。
身体保护
防渗透的衣服, 防护设备的类型必须根据特定工作场所中的危险物的浓度和含量来选择。
呼吸系统防护
如须暴露于有害环境中,请使用P95型(美国)或P1型(欧盟 英国
143)防微粒呼吸器。如需更高级别防护,请使用OV/AG/P99型(美国)或ABEK-P2型 (欧盟 英国 143)
防毒罐。
呼吸器使用经过测试并通过政府标准如NIOSH(US)或CEN(EU)的呼吸器和零件。

模块 9. 理化特性
9.1 基本的理化特性的信息
a) 外观与性状
形状: 粉末
b) 气味
无数据资料
c) 气味阈值
无数据资料
d) pH值
无数据资料
e) 熔点/凝固点
熔点/凝固点: 175 °C
f) 起始沸点和沸程
无数据资料
g) 闪点
无数据资料
h) 蒸发速率
无数据资料
i) 易燃性(固体,气体)
无数据资料
j) 高的/低的燃烧性或爆炸性限度 无数据资料
k) 蒸汽压
无数据资料
l) 蒸汽密度
12.72 - (空气= 1。0)
m) 相对密度
无数据资料
n) 水溶性
无数据资料
o) n-辛醇/水分配系数
无数据资料
p) 自燃温度
无数据资料
q) 分解温度
无数据资料
r) 粘度
无数据资料

模块 10. 稳定性和反应活性
10.1 反应性
无数据资料
10.2 稳定性
无数据资料
10.3 危险反应的可能性
无数据资料
10.4 应避免的条件
无数据资料
10.5 不兼容的材料
无数据资料
10.6 危险的分解产物
其它分解产物 - 无数据资料

模块 11. 毒理学资料
11.1 毒理学影响的信息
急性毒性
半数致死剂量 (LD50) 经口 - 老鼠 - > 2,000 mg/kg
半数致死剂量 (LD50) 经口 - 大鼠 - > 2,000 mg/kg
吸入: 无数据资料
皮肤刺激或腐蚀
无数据资料
眼睛刺激或腐蚀
无数据资料
呼吸道或皮肤过敏
无数据资料
生殖细胞突变性
无数据资料
致癌性
IARC:
此产品中没有大于或等于 0。1%含量的组分被 IARC鉴别为可能的或肯定的人类致癌物。
生殖毒性
无数据资料
特异性靶器官系统毒性(一次接触)
可能引起呼吸道刺激。
特异性靶器官系统毒性(反复接触)
无数据资料
吸入危险
无数据资料
潜在的健康影响
吸入 吸入可能有害。 引起呼吸道刺激。
摄入 如服入是有害的。
皮肤 如果通过皮肤吸收可能是有害的。 造成皮肤刺激。
眼睛 造成严重眼刺激。
接触后的征兆和症状
据我们所知,此化学,物理和毒性性质尚未经完整的研究。
附加说明
化学物质毒性作用登记: MI5230000
进一步信息
无数据资料

模块 12. 生态学资料
12.1 生态毒性
无数据资料
12.2 持久存留性和降解性
无数据资料
12.3 潜在的生物蓄积性
无数据资料
12.4 土壤中的迁移性
无数据资料
12.5 PBT 和 vPvB的结果评价
无数据资料
12.6 其它不利的影响
无数据资料

模块 13. 废弃处置
13.1 废物处理方法
产品
将剩余的和未回收的溶液交给处理公司。
与易燃溶剂相溶或者相混合,在备有燃烧后处理和洗刷作用的化学焚化炉中燃烧
受污染的容器和包装
作为未用过的产品弃置。

模块 14. 运输信息
14.1 联合国危险货物编号
欧洲陆运危规: - 国际海运危规: - 国际空运危规: -
14.2 联合国(UN)规定的名称
欧洲陆运危规: 非危险货物
国际海运危规: 非危险货物
国际空运危规: 非危险货物
14.3 运输危险类别
欧洲陆运危规: - 国际海运危规: - 国际空运危规: -
14.4 包裹组
欧洲陆运危规: - 国际海运危规: - 国际空运危规: -
14.5 环境危险
欧洲陆运危规: 否 国际海运危规 海运污染物: 否 国际空运危规: 否
14.6 对使用者的特别提醒
无数据资料
参见发票或包装条的反面。


模块 15 - 法规信息
N/A


模块16 - 其他信息
N/A

制备方法与用途

根据提供的信息,以下是对姜黄素生产方法和应用的一些总结:

生产方法
  1. 水溶剂提取法

    • 在70-80℃下,使用1%的氢氧化钠溶液浸提姜黄粉。
    • 过滤后对滤渣进行二次浸提,合并三次滤液并加入亚硫酸氢钠溶液处理。
    • 浓缩后用盐酸调节pH值至3-4,分离得到姜黄素、姜黄油和树脂的混合物。
    • 以乙醇溶解此混合物,过滤去除不溶的姜黄树脂,再通过石油醚萃取进一步分离姜黄油和姜黄素。
  2. 有机溶剂提取法

    • 使用乙醇、乙醚等有机溶剂从姜黄粉中浸提姜黄素。
    • 该方法通常能得到0.55%-1.5%的收率。
  3. 分步提取法

    • 先通过水蒸气蒸馏得到姜黄油,再在80℃下用氢氧化钠溶液处理滤渣以获得粗品姜黄素。
    • 该方法同样能够得到较好的纯度和产率。
  4. 直接提取法

    • 利用95%乙醇或丙二醇、冰醋酸等溶剂从干燥的姜黄根茎中抽提出姜黄素,经脱溶剂、浓缩结晶提纯后获得成品。
应用
  1. 食品工业:姜黄素因其天然且具有良好的稳定性和着色性,在食品加工行业中被广泛用于改善食品色泽和风味。

  2. 医药领域:作为天然抗炎成分,姜黄素在药物开发中显示出广泛的治疗潜力。例如,可用于预防心血管疾病、促进消化道健康以及对抗某些类型的癌症等。

  3. 其他应用:

    • 在化妆品行业可用作皮肤护理产品中的美白剂。
    • 也可用于纺织品染色或增白处理。
注意事项
  • 生产过程中需注意选择合适的溶剂,并确保提取条件合适以获得高纯度的姜黄素。
  • 在实际生产和使用时,应遵循相关食品安全和药物安全规定,合理控制用量。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    • 6
    • 7
    • 8
    • 9
    • 10

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    姜黄素哌啶 作用下, 以 甲醇氯仿 为溶剂, 反应 72.0h, 生成 (1E,6E)-4-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-disemicarbazone
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Synthesis, DNA binding, hemolytic, and anti-cancer assays of curcumin I-based ligands and their ruthenium(III) complexes
    摘要:
    Knoevenagel condensates of curcumin I were synthesized with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy benzaldehyde and allowed to react with semicarbazide to form the corresponding curcumin I-based ligands. The ligands were complexed with ruthenium(III) metal ions. These complexes (C-1 and C-2) were purified by chromatography and characterized as octahedral geometries by analytical techniques. The binding affinities of these compounds for calf thymus DNA were determined. DNA binding constants (K (b) ) for the two complexes were 1.46 x 10(4) and 3.54 x 10(4) M-1, respectively. Similarly, the binding constants (K (sv)) for C-1 and C-2 were 9.40 x 10(3) and 9.30 x 10(3) M-1, respectively. Hemolytic assays of the compounds showed less toxicity than the standard anti-cancer drug letrazole. The compounds showed good activity against the cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and moderate activity against liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells lines. These compounds showed potential for treatment of cervical cancer in the future.
    DOI:
    10.1007/s00044-012-0133-8
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    香草醛 在 boron trioxide 作用下, 以 乙酸乙酯 为溶剂, 反应 3.0h, 生成 姜黄素
    参考文献:
    名称:
    不对称姜黄素的改进合成及其作为抗氧化剂的评估
    摘要:
    本文报道了使用 Pabon 法合成 12 种不对称姜黄素类似物。一般来说,先前报道的不对称姜黄素的产量,如9a (53%)、9c (38%) 和9k (38%),一直处于中等或低水平。在此,我们提出低产率是由于反应介质中存在水和n- BuNH 2所致。为了证明这个公式化的假设,我们已经证明可以通过向反应混合物中添加分子筛 (MS) (4 Å) 来提高产率,从而减少水的干扰。因此,除9b (36.7%)、9g (34%) 和9l外,获得了更高的产量 (41–76%)(39.5%)。此外,本文首次报道了化合物9b、9d、9e、9f、9g、9h、9i、9j和9l 。这些合成化合物的结构通过光谱和质谱分析确定。评估了这些合成的不对称姜黄素的自由基清除能力,并将其与阳性对照丁基化羟基甲苯 (BHT) 的自由基清除能力进行了比较。在合成的不对称姜黄素中,化合物9a (IC 50 = 37.57 ± 0
    DOI:
    10.3390/molecules27082547
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    4-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧代-1-丁醇 、 在 姜黄素 作用下, 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂, 以12%的产率得到
    参考文献:
    名称:
    使用食用多酚姜黄素进行光诱导糖基化
    摘要:
    在可见光照射(470 nm)下检查了使用可食用多酚姜黄素的三氯乙酰亚胺酯供体和醇的光诱导糖基化。首次发现这些糖基化反应在温和的反应条件下顺利进行,以高产率产生相应的糖苷。此外,本糖基化方法适用于广泛的三氯乙酰亚胺酯供体和醇受体,并且对糖基亚磷酸酯、磷酸酯、( N-苯基)三氟乙酰亚胺酯、氟化物、糖醛和硫代糖苷表现出较高的化学选择性。
    DOI:
    10.1039/d4ob00624k
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文献信息

  • Eflornithine Prodrugs, Conjugates and Salts, and Methods of Use Thereof
    申请人:Xu Feng
    公开号:US20100120727A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-05-13
    In one aspect, the present invention provides a composition of a covalent conjugate of an eflornithine analog with an anti-inflammatory drug. In another aspect, the present invention provides a composition of an eflornithine prodrug. In another aspect, the present invention provides a composition of an eflornithine or its derivatives aspirin salt. In another aspect, the present invention provides methods for treating or preventing cancer using the conjugates or salts of eflornithine analogs or eflornithine prodrugs.
    在一个方面,本发明提供了一种氟硝西汀类似物与抗炎药物的共价结合物的组合物。在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种氟硝西汀前药的组合物。在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种氟硝西汀或其衍生物水杨酸盐的组合物。在另一个方面,本发明提供了使用氟硝西汀类似物或氟硝西汀前药的共轭物或盐来治疗或预防癌症的方法。
  • Curcumin derivatives with improved physicochemical properties and nanoliposomes surface-decorated with the derivatives with very high affinity for amyloid-beta1-42 peptide
    申请人:Niaraki, Anna
    公开号:EP2436673A1
    公开(公告)日:2012-04-04
    Amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates are considered as possible targets for therapy and/or diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD). It has been previously shown that curcumin targets Aβ plaques and interferes with their formation, suggesting a potential role for prevention or treatment of AD. In the present invention, curcumin-derivatives with improved physicochemical properties were synthesized and a "click chemistry" as well as a conventional liposome preparation method, were used to generate nanoliposomes decorated with the curcumin derivatives. These derivatives were designed to maintain the planar structure required for interaction with Aβ, as directly confirmed by Surface Plasmon Resonance experiments. Surface Plasmon Resonance experiments, measuring the binding of flowing liposomes to immobilized Aβ1-42, indicated that the liposomes exposing curcumin derivatives have extremely high affinity for Aβ1-42 fibrils (1-5 nM), likely because of the occurrence of multivalent interactions. The present invention describes the synthesis of the curcumin derivatives and the preparation and characterization of new nanoliposomes with a very high affinity for Aβ1-42 fibrils, to be exploited as vectors for the targeted delivery of new diagnostic and therapeutic molecules for AD.
    淀粉样蛋白β(Aβ)聚集物被认为是治疗和/或诊断阿尔茨海默病(AD)的可能靶点。先前已经显示姜黄素靶向Aβ斑块并干扰其形成,暗示了其在预防或治疗AD中的潜在作用。在本发明中,合成了具有改进的物理化学性质的姜黄素衍生物,并使用“点击化学”以及传统的脂质体制备方法,生成了装饰有姜黄素衍生物的纳米脂质体。这些衍生物被设计为保持与Aβ相互作用所需的平面结构,直接通过表面等离子共振实验证实。通过测量流动脂质体与固定的Aβ1-42的结合,表面等离子共振实验证明,暴露姜黄素衍生物的脂质体对Aβ1-42纤维具有极高的亲和力(1-5 nM),可能是由于多价相互作用的发生。本发明描述了姜黄素衍生物的合成以及具有极高亲和力的新型纳米脂质体的制备和表征,可作为用于靶向传递新的AD诊断和治疗分子的载体。
  • P21-ACTIVATED KINASE INHIBITOR
    申请人:Biosystem Consulting Limited Company
    公开号:US20170349548A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-12-07
    The present invention addresses the problem of providing an inhibitor which has an excellent inhibitory activity on a p21-activated kinase. The present invention, by which has been solved the above-mentioned problem, is a p21-activated kinase 1 inhibitor containing, as an active ingredient, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of dehydrokawain compounds, derivatives of dehydrokawain compounds, mimosine, derivatives of mimosine, and cucurbitacin compounds.
    本发明解决了提供一种对p21激活激酶具有优异抑制活性的抑制剂的问题。本发明解决了上述问题,是一种包含从去氢肉豆蔻化合物、去氢肉豆蔻化合物的衍生物、藜氨酸、藜氨酸的衍生物和葫芦巴碱化合物组成的群体中选择的一种或多种化合物作为活性成分的p21激活激酶1抑制剂。
  • NOVEL CURCUMIN DERIVATIVE
    申请人:Sugimoto Hachiro
    公开号:US20110082295A1
    公开(公告)日:2011-04-07
    To develop a highly safe measure to treat Alzheimer's disease using a secretase-inhibiting substance, there is provided a compound represented by the following general formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein A represents a phenyl group or the like, R 1 represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or a nitro group or the like, R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 each represent a hydrogen atom or the like, and L represents CH 2 —CH 2 or CH═CH.
    为了开发一种高度安全的措施来治疗阿尔茨海默病,提供了一种由以下一般式(I)或其盐表示的化合物: 其中A代表苯基或类似物,R1代表氯原子、溴原子或硝基团等,R2、R3、R4和R5各自代表氢原子或类似物,L代表CH2—CH2或CH═CH。
  • IRAK DEGRADERS AND USES THEREOF
    申请人:Kymera Therapeutics, Inc.
    公开号:US20190192668A1
    公开(公告)日:2019-06-27
    The present invention provides compounds, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
    本发明提供了化合物、其组合物以及使用这些化合物的方法。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
hnmr
mass
cnmr
ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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