β-紫罗兰酮(4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮,β-ionone)是一种珍贵的香料,自身还具有一定的生物活性,表现出较强的抗癌作用,特别是在抑制肿瘤发生方面效果明显。
应用在工业上,β-紫罗兰酮应用广泛,是一种重要的医药中间体。它被用于合成维生素A、E、β-胡萝卜素、类胡萝卜素、视黄酸和叶绿醇等重要物质。
用途β-紫罗兰酮在室温下具有特殊的香气,是极其重要的香精香料,广泛应用于化妆品、食品和饮料中。作为一种环化的类异戊二烯衍生物,它还表现出较强的抑癌作用,具有抗致畸毒性及胚胎毒性、抗微生物作用及降血脂等功效。此外,β-紫罗兰酮还用于进一步合成其他香料产品及维生素A、β-胡萝卜素和脱落酸,是一种重要的医药中间体。
合成方法柠檬醛与丙酮在碱性催化剂下发生羟醛缩合生成假紫罗兰酮,然后在-20℃~0℃的低温条件下滴加浓硫酸进行环化反应,从而合成β-紫罗兰酮。
生物活性β-Ionone 可从植物油中分离出来。研究表明,它能够有效诱导胃腺癌细胞 SGC7901 凋亡,具有显著的抗肿瘤活性。
体外研究β-ionone 是 β-胡萝卜素的一种类似物,在水果和蔬菜中广泛存在。实验表明,β-ionone 在不同浓度(25、50、100 和 200 μM)下作用于 SGC-7901 细胞 24 小时及 48 小时时,能抑制细胞生长。测得的 IC50 值为 89 μM。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 3-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-propenal | 4951-40-0 | C12H18O | 178.274 |
3-甲基-5-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2,4-戊二烯醛 | 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)penta-2, 4-dienal | 1209-68-3 | C15H22O | 218.339 |
—— | 3-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)prop-2-enenitrile | 72214-33-6 | C12H17N | 175.274 |
β-紫罗兰醇 | β-ionol | 22029-76-1 | C13H22O | 194.317 |
2,4-戊二烯腈,3-甲基-5-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)- | 3-Methyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-(1)-yl)-pentadien-(1,3)-saeure-(5)-nitril | 19834-52-7 | C15H21N | 215.338 |
—— | alpha-ionone | 31798-12-6 | C13H20O | 192.301 |
1-吡咯烷羧酸,3-[[(3-溴苯基)氨基]甲基]-,1,1-二甲基乙基酯 | 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enecarbaldehyde | 432-25-7 | C10H16O | 152.236 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | bromo-β-ionone | 99213-70-4 | C13H19BrO | 271.197 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)hex-1-en-3-one | 113087-81-3 | C15H24O2 | 236.354 |
—— | (3E,5E,7E)-6-methyl-8-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-3,5,7-octatriene-2-one | 17974-57-1 | C18H26O | 258.404 |
—— | (E)-3-Oxo-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-pent-4-enoic acid | 64929-36-8 | C14H20O3 | 236.311 |
(7E,9E)-beta-离子亚基乙醛 | (2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4-pentadienal | 3917-41-7 | C15H22O | 218.339 |
3-甲基-5-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2,4-戊二烯醛 | 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)penta-2, 4-dienal | 1209-68-3 | C15H22O | 218.339 |
(7E,9Z)-beta-离子亚基乙醛 | (2Z,4E)-3-methyl-5-[2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl]penta-2,4-dienal | 54226-17-4 | C15H22O | 218.339 |
—— | 3-(2,6,6-timethylcyclohex-1-enyl)propenoic acid | 4951-39-7 | C12H18O2 | 194.274 |
—— | 5,9-dimethyl-11-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-undeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenal | —— | C22H30O | 310.48 |
视黄醛 | all-trans-Retinal | 116-31-4 | C20H28O | 284.442 |
—— | 3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenal | 1436-55-1 | C20H28O | 284.442 |
1,3,3-三甲基-2-(3-甲基-丁-1,3-二烯基)-环己烯 | 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-(3-methyl-1,3-butadienyl)-1-cyclohexene | 28884-75-5 | C14H22 | 190.329 |
—— | 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-(3-methyl-penta-1,3-dienyl)-cyclohexene | 36595-79-6 | C15H24 | 204.356 |
—— | 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-((1E,3E)-3-methyl-hexa-1,3,5-trienyl)-cyclohexene | 21573-78-4 | C16H24 | 216.367 |
(2E)-3-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丙烯-1-醇 | 3-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-propen-1-ol | 4808-01-9 | C12H20O | 180.29 |
—— | (E)-2,4,4-trimethyl-3-(3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl)cyclohex-2-enone | 29790-29-2 | C13H18O2 | 206.285 |
—— | all-trans-β-Jonyliden-crotonsaeure | 4435-26-1 | C17H24O2 | 260.376 |
β-紫罗兰醇 | β-ionol | 22029-76-1 | C13H22O | 194.317 |
4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-3-丁烯-2-醇 | beta-ionol | 22029-76-1 | C13H22O | 194.317 |
—— | (2S)-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)but-3-en-2-ol | 81600-95-5 | C13H22O | 194.317 |
—— | (2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)penta-2,4-dienoic acid | 14398-42-6 | C15H22O2 | 234.338 |
—— | β-Jonyliden-essigsaeure | 4941-93-9 | C15H22O2 | 234.338 |
—— | 6-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-cyclohexen-1-yl)-hexa-3,5-dien-1-in | 950-51-6 | C16H22 | 214.351 |
—— | 4-hydroxy-β-ionone | 116296-75-4 | C13H20O2 | 208.301 |
2,4-戊二烯腈,3-甲基-5-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)- | 3-Methyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-(1)-yl)-pentadien-(1,3)-saeure-(5)-nitril | 19834-52-7 | C15H21N | 215.338 |
维生素A | RETINOL | 68-26-8 | C20H30O | 286.458 |
beta-离子亚基乙腈 | (2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-penta-2,4-dienenitrile | 5299-98-9 | C15H21N | 215.338 |
—— | 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohexen-1-yl)-nonatetraen-1,3,5,7-saeure-9-nitril | 20638-88-4 | C20H27N | 281.441 |
—— | all-cis-retinonitrile | 20638-88-4 | C20H27N | 281.441 |
(E)-5-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)戊-4-烯-2-炔腈 | (E)-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)pent-4-en-2-ynenitrile | 173214-57-8 | C14H17N | 199.296 |
—— | 15,15'-didehydro-β,β-carotene | 4481-69-0 | C40H54 | 534.869 |
—— | β-ionone oxime | 39190-05-1 | C13H21NO | 207.316 |
R-(-)-3-羟基-Β-紫罗兰酮 | 3-hydroxy-β-ionone | 15401-34-0 | C13H20O2 | 208.301 |
—— | Gemisch aus (E)-und (Z)-β-Ionyliden-essigsaeureethylester | 5452-61-9 | C17H26O2 | 262.392 |
(2Z,4E,6Z,8Z)-3,7-二甲基-9-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯基)壬-2,4,6,8-四烯酸乙酯 | ethyl (all-E)-retinoate | 3899-20-5 | C22H32O2 | 328.495 |
维生素 A 醋酸酯 | Retinol acetate | 127-47-9 | C22H32O2 | 328.495 |
3-甲基-1-(2,6,6-三甲基环己烯-1-基)-1,4-戊二烯-3-醇 | vinyl-β-ionol | 5208-93-5 | C15H24O | 220.355 |
2-甲基-4-(2,2,6-三甲基-1-环己烯基)-2-丁烯醛 | 2-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-2-butenal | 3155-71-3 | C14H22O | 206.328 |
—— | 3-methyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)pent-1-en-4-yn-3-ol | 17075-53-5 | C15H22O | 218.339 |
—— | (E)-2-(2-butenyl)-1,3,3-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene | 53941-13-2 | C13H22 | 178.318 |
—— | 3-Methyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)hexa-1,5-dien-3-ol | 21666-52-4 | C16H26O | 234.382 |
4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-3-丁烯-2-醇乙酸酯 | β-Ionolacetat | 22030-19-9 | C15H24O2 | 236.354 |
—— | 19-(dimethylamino)-all-trans-retinal | 94773-19-0 | C22H33NO | 327.51 |
—— | (E)-3-Methyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-hex-1-en-5-yn-3-ol | 14168-34-4 | C16H24O | 232.366 |
—— | retro-α-ionone | 56052-61-0 | C13H20O | 192.301 |
—— | 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-but-3-en-2-one semicarbazone | 2302-89-8 | C14H23N3O | 249.356 |
—— | 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-but-3-en-2-one thiosemicarbazone | 2302-90-1 | C14H23N3S | 265.423 |
—— | 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)-3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-penten-4-yn | 52105-05-2 | C16H24O | 232.366 |
—— | 4-Hydroxyretinal | 18344-42-8 | C20H28O2 | 300.441 |
Beta-大马酮 | 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one | 35044-68-9 | C13H20O | 192.301 |
—— | alpha-ionone | 31798-12-6 | C13H20O | 192.301 |
BETA-二氢紫罗兰酮 | 4-(2,6,6-Trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-butan-2-on | 17283-81-7 | C13H22O | 194.317 |
1-吡咯烷羧酸,3-[[(3-溴苯基)氨基]甲基]-,1,1-二甲基乙基酯 | 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enecarbaldehyde | 432-25-7 | C10H16O | 152.236 |
—— | (E)-2-(4-iodo-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohex-1-ene | 74133-09-8 | C14H23I | 318.241 |
大马酮 | 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one, | 23696-85-7 | C13H18O | 190.285 |
—— | 1-(3-Butynyl)-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene | 36772-04-0 | C13H20 | 176.302 |