鹰嘴豆芽素A(Biochanin A, BCA)是一种氧甲基化异黄酮类化合物,广泛存在于大豆、红三叶草、苜蓿、花生和鹰嘴豆等可食用植物中。尤其在红三叶草中的含量最高,但仅约为833mg/100g。
应用BCA的分子结构与动物雌性激素相似,能竞争性地与雌激素受体结合发挥雌激素样作用,是一种重要的植物雌激素。它对人和动物健康有益,可用于预防和治疗骨质疏松症、更年期综合征等疾病。此外,BCA还具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌、降血糖、抗氧化及神经保护等多种药理作用。
制备CN201610575057.3提供了一种合成鹰嘴豆芽素A的方法,主要解决了现有技术中工艺复杂和产率低的问题。具体步骤如下:
步骤1 中间体的制备:在室温下,将间苯三酚、对甲氧基苯乙腈和异丙醚与氧氯化磷混合,待反应完全后加入适量水进行水解,并采用活性炭脱色,即得中间体。
步骤2 粗品的制备:将步骤1所得的中间体与甲基磺酰氯在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中进行关环反应生成粗品。
步骤3 精制:将步骤2中所得的粗品采用乙醇重结晶,然后活性炭脱色,即得鹰嘴豆芽素A。该合成路线如下:
Biochanin A(4-Methylgenistein)是一种O-甲基异黄酮,属于天然有机化合物。
靶点Target | Value |
---|---|
FAAH (rat) | 1.4 μM |
FAAH (mouse) | 1.8 μM |
FAAH (human) | 2.4 μM |
EGFR | 91.5 μM |
Biochanin A 被报道能够抑制表皮生长因子受体的蛋白酪氨酸激酶(PTK),IC50值为91.5 μM。它还能够抑制小鼠、大鼠和人体内脂肪酸酰胺(FAAH)对0.5 μM大麻素的水解作用,IC50值分别为1.8, 1.4 和2.4 μM。此外,Biochanin A 能够抑制血清和EGF刺激的LNCaP和DU-145细胞的生长(对血清的IC50值为8.0到27 微克/毫升,对EGF的IC50值为4.3到15微克/毫升),但对EGF受体酪氨酸的自身磷酸化没有显著作用。
体内研究LD50: 小鼠腹腔注射63毫克/千克。
化学性质白色结晶粉末,可溶于甲醇、乙醇和DMSO等有机溶剂。它来源于红车轴草及鹰嘴豆(Cicer arietinum L.)种子。
用途具有雌激素样作用,能抑制胆固醇的升高,并具有抗真菌和抗肿瘤作用。对人体内的激素水平具有双向调节作用,还有抗癌解痉降血脂的作用。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
染料木素 | 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-on | 446-72-0 | C15H10O5 | 270.241 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 1005418-09-6 | C18H16O6 | 328.321 |
—— | acetic acid 7-acetoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl ester | 54443-59-3 | C20H16O7 | 368.343 |
—— | 3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-5,7-bis(phenylmethoxy)chromen-4-one | 1393533-64-6 | C30H24O5 | 464.518 |
—— | 2-carbethoxy-5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone | 113029-08-6 | C17H12O7 | 328.278 |
—— | biochanin A 7-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-5)-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] | —— | C32H38O18 | 710.643 |
5,7-二羟基色原酮 | 5,7-dihydroxy-chromen-4-one | 31721-94-5 | C9H6O4 | 178.144 |
—— | chevalierinoside B | —— | C27H30O14 | 578.527 |
—— | 3-iodo-5,7-bis(methoxymethoxy)-4H-chromen-4-one | 1236208-90-4 | C13H13IO6 | 392.147 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
4’,7-二甲氧基-5-羟基异黄酮 | 4',7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyisoflavone | 34086-51-6 | C17H14O5 | 298.295 |
染料木素 | 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-on | 446-72-0 | C15H10O5 | 270.241 |
—— | 7-hydroxy-4',5-dimethoxyisoflavone | 68939-22-0 | C17H14O5 | 298.295 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-7-(methoxymethoxy)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 1005418-09-6 | C18H16O6 | 328.321 |
5,7-二甲氧基-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮 | 4',5,7-trimethoxyisoflavone | 1162-82-9 | C18H16O5 | 312.322 |
红车轴草素 | 3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone | 2284-31-3 | C16H12O6 | 300.268 |
—— | 7-propynyloxy-5-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone | —— | C19H14O5 | 322.317 |
—— | 5,6,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-isoflavine | —— | C16H12O6 | 300.268 |
—— | 7-carboxymethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C18H14O7 | 342.305 |
—— | 7-carboxymethoxy-5-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C17H12O7 | 328.278 |
—— | biochanin A-7-acetate | —— | C18H14O6 | 326.306 |
7,4'-二乙酰氧基-5-羟基异黄酮 | 4-(7-acetoxy-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)phenyl acetate | 65388-04-7 | C19H14O7 | 354.316 |
—— | 7-benzyloxy-5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | 116535-00-3 | C23H18O5 | 374.393 |
—— | 6-Hydroxygenistein | 13539-26-9 | C15H10O6 | 286.241 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl 2-chloroacetate | 1374694-37-7 | C18H13ClO6 | 360.751 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl 2-bromoacetate | 1374694-39-9 | C18H13BrO6 | 405.202 |
—— | biochanin A sulfate | 1236008-43-7 | C16H12O8S | 364.332 |
—— | 5,7,8-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone | —— | C16H12O6 | 300.268 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl dimethylcarbamate | 1416968-23-4 | C19H17NO6 | 355.347 |
—— | 7-acetoxy-5,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone | 67901-25-1 | C19H16O6 | 340.332 |
—— | biochanin A-7-pivalate | —— | C21H20O6 | 368.386 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl 2-chloroethylcarbamate | 1374694-38-8 | C19H16ClNO6 | 389.792 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl 2-bromoethylcarbamate | 1374694-40-2 | C19H16BrNO6 | 434.243 |
—— | acetic acid 7-acetoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl ester | 54443-59-3 | C20H16O7 | 368.343 |
4H-1-苯并吡喃-4-酮,5-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基-3-(4-甲氧苯基)- | 4H-benzopyran-4-one-5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) | 13186-08-8 | C18H16O6 | 328.321 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-yl n-undecylcarbamate | 1374694-41-3 | C28H35NO6 | 481.589 |
—— | 7,4'-dipropynyloxyisoflavone | —— | C21H14O4 | 330.34 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)-chromen-4-one | 1173791-07-5 | C23H17NO7 | 419.39 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C18H16O6 | 328.321 |
—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 27762-99-8 | C21H20O5 | 352.387 |
—— | 6-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C20H21NO5 | 355.39 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-7-(1-methoxycarbonylnonyloxy)-4'-methoxyisoflavone | —— | C27H32O6 | 452.547 |
—— | 8-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C20H21NO5 | 355.39 |
鸡豆黄素配糖物 | sissotrin | 5928-26-7 | C22H22O10 | 446.411 |
—— | 5-acetoxy-6-(acetoxymethyl)-7-methoxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | —— | C22H20O8 | 412.396 |
白杨素 | 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl-chromen-4-one | 480-40-0 | C15H10O4 | 254.242 |
—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone | 27762-81-8 | C26H28O5 | 420.505 |
—— | 5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone | —— | C22H22O10 | 446.411 |
—— | 5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-[2-(2-nitrophenyl)-2,2-dimethylacetoxy]chromen-4-one | 1173791-16-6 | C26H21NO8 | 475.455 |
—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-bis-(4-methylpiperazin-1-ylmethyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C28H36N4O5 | 508.618 |
—— | biochanin A-7-O-β-D-glucuronide | —— | C22H20O11 | 460.394 |
—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-bis(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C28H34N2O5 | 478.588 |
—— | 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6,8-bis(3-methylpiperidin-1-ylmethyl)chromen-4-one | —— | C30H38N2O5 | 506.642 |
—— | Thiogenistein | —— | C15H10O4S | 286.308 |
—— | 2-(5-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-8-phenyl-4H-furo[2,3-h]chromen-9-yl)acetic acid | —— | C26H18O7 | 442.425 |
—— | 2-(5-hydroxy-3,8-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-furo[2,3-h]chromen-9-yl)acetic acid | —— | C27H20O8 | 472.451 |