In dry propylene glycol, therapeutic concentrations are stored in amber screw cap bottles at 38 °C no change after 36 mo
维生素D3,又称胆钙化醇,是维生素D的一种,被证明是维生素D在体内的真正活性形式。目前已知的维生素D至少有10种,但最重要的是维生素D2(麦角骨化醇)和维生素D3(胆钙化醇)。胆钙化醇是最重要的一种形式,主要调节体内的钙磷代谢。它可通过7-脱氢胆固醇在紫外光照射下转化而来。
化学性质白色柱状结晶或结晶性粉末,无臭无味。熔点84~88℃,比旋光度αD20=+105°~+112°。极易溶于氯仿,易溶于乙醇、乙醚、环己烷和丙酮,微溶于植物油,不溶于水。耐热性好,但对光不稳定,在空气中易氧化。
生产方法维生素D3自然存在于肝、奶和蛋黄中,工业上的生产方法是先从植物油或酵母中提取人体不能吸收的7-脱氢胆固醇,再将其溶液于氯仿或环己烷后,在石英玻璃烧瓶中用紫外线照射转化成维生素D3。也可将7-脱氢胆固醇溶于乙醇,用紫外光照射开环,反应液浓缩、冷冻、过滤,滤液通氮减压浓缩至干,得粗维生素D3液,再经精制而得。
用途 防治疾病维生素D3能保持钙和磷的代谢正常,促进机体对钙和磷的吸收。缺乏时,儿童易得佝偻病,成人则得骨软化病。
作为营养增补剂,可用于液体奶、人造奶油、乳制品和婴幼儿食品中。
维生素D3通过受体起作用,该受体是具配体依赖性转录因子大家庭的一员,调控正常细胞和癌细胞的增殖和分化。对乳腺癌、结肠癌和前列腺癌具有抗增殖、抗转移效果。
化学性质极易溶于氯仿,易溶于乙醇、乙醚、环己烷和丙酮,微溶于植物油,不溶于水。耐热性好,但对光不稳定,在空气中易氧化。猪对维生素D2和D3的利用率是同等的,但禽类对维生素D2的利用率仅为D3的1/40-1/30。用量为1000-1500IU/kg。
日本使用中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | trans-vitamin D3 | 57651-83-9 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
3Β,5E,7E-9,10-断胆甾-5,7,10[1P]-三烯-3-醇 | 5,6-trans-vitamin D3 | 22350-41-0 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
骨化三醇 | calcitriol | 32222-06-3 | C27H44O3 | 416.645 |
7-去氢胆固醇 | 7-dehydrocholesterol | 434-16-2 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
3Β,6Z-9,10-断胆甾基-5(10),6,8-三烯甘油酯-3 | previtamin D3 | 1173-13-3 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
豆甾醇 | β-sitosterol | 83-46-5 | C29H50O | 414.715 |
胆固醇 | cholesterol | 57-88-5 | C27H46O | 386.662 |
豆甾醇 | Stigmasterol | 83-48-7 | C29H48O | 412.7 |
—— | [(3aS4E)-1t-((R)-1,5-dimethyl-hexyl)-7a-methyl-(3ar,7at)-octahydro-inden-4-yliden]-acetaldehyde | 84928-46-1 | C20H34O | 290.489 |
胆固醇醋酸酯 | Cholesteryl acetate | 604-35-3 | C29H48O2 | 428.699 |
羊毛甾醇 | tirucallol | 79-63-0 | C30H50O | 426.726 |
—— | cholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol acetate | —— | C29H46O2 | 426.683 |
醋酸豆甾醇 | stigmasterol acetate | 4651-48-3 | C31H50O2 | 454.737 |
7-脱氢苯甲酸胆固醇 | 3β-benzoyloxycholesta-5,7-diene | 1182-06-5 | C34H48O2 | 488.754 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
3Β,5E,7E-9,10-断胆甾-5,7,10[1P]-三烯-3-醇 | 5,6-trans-vitamin D3 | 22350-41-0 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
—— | trans-vitamin D3 | 57651-83-9 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
—— | cholecalciferol | 22350-41-0 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
维生素D2 | Calciferol | 50-14-6 | C28H44O | 396.657 |
骨化二醇 | calcidiol | 19356-17-3 | C27H44O2 | 400.645 |
—— | vitamin D3 | 53954-32-8 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
阿法骨化醇 | 1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 | 41294-56-8 | C27H44O2 | 400.645 |
—— | (5Z,7E,10Z)-19-fluoro-9,10-seco-5,7,10(19)-cholestatriene-3β-ol | —— | C27H43FO | 402.636 |
—— | (5Z,7E,10E)-19-fluoro-9,10-seco-5,7,10(19)-cholestatriene-3β-ol | 182231-94-3 | C27H43FO | 402.636 |
—— | (5E,7E,10Z)-19-fluoro-9,10-seco-5,7,10(19)-cholestatriene-3β-ol | 182232-42-4 | C27H43FO | 402.636 |
—— | (5E,7E,10E)-19-fluoro-9,10-seco-5,7,10(19)-cholestatriene-3β-ol | 182232-49-1 | C27H43FO | 402.636 |
1beta-羟基维他命D3 | 1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 | 63181-13-5 | C27H44O2 | 400.645 |
异维生素D3 | all-trans-9,10-seco-1(10),5,7-cholestatrien-3β-ol | 42607-12-5 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
骨化三醇 | calcitriol | 32222-06-3 | C27H44O3 | 416.645 |
1,25-二羟维生素D | calcitriol | 32511-63-0 | C27H44O3 | 416.645 |
—— | 20S-Hydroxyvitamin D3 | 651734-12-2 | C27H44O2 | 400.645 |
—— | 20,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 | 1372617-13-4 | C27H44O3 | 416.645 |
—— | 23-oxa-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 | 84927-61-7 | C26H42O3 | 402.618 |
双氢速甾醇 3 | (3S,5E,7E,10S)-9,10-seco-cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol | 22481-38-5 | C27H46O | 386.662 |
—— | 20S,23S-dihydroxyvitamin D3 | 1033416-82-8 | C27H44O3 | 416.645 |
(24R)-1(alpha),24,25-三羟基维他命 D3* | 1α,24(R),25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 | 56142-94-0 | C27H44O4 | 432.644 |
—— | (5Z,7E)-3β-acetoxy-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene | 2871-23-0 | C29H46O2 | 426.683 |
(3beta, 5Z,7E)-9,10-开链胆甾-5,7,10(19)-三烯-3-基丁酸酯 | vitamin D3 butyrate | 31316-20-8 | C31H50O2 | 454.737 |
—— | 1α,20,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3 | 158946-37-3 | C27H44O4 | 432.644 |
—— | 1α,20-dihydroxyvitamin D3 | 158946-41-9 | C27H44O3 | 416.645 |
—— | vitamin D3 palmitate | 13403-10-6 | C43H74O2 | 623.059 |
—— | (3S,9R,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | —— | C27H44O | 384.6 |
7-去氢胆固醇 | 7-dehydrocholesterol | 434-16-2 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
光甾醇 | lumisterol | 474-69-1 | C28H44O | 396.657 |
—— | previtamin D3 | —— | C27H44O | 384.646 |
3Β,6Z-9,10-断胆甾基-5(10),6,8-三烯甘油酯-3 | previtamin D3 | 1173-13-3 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
速甾醇 | tachysterol | 115-61-7 | C28H44O | 396.657 |
—— | (1R,3aS,7aR,E)-7a-methyl-4-((Z)-2-(6-methylenecyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene)ethylidene)-1-((R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl)octahydro-1H-indene | —— | C27H42 | 366.63 |
—— | tachysterol | 63882-05-3 | C27H46O | 386.662 |
异速甾醇3 | all-trans-9,10-seco-5(10),6,8(14)-cholestatrien-3β-ol | 22350-43-2 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
—— | 3-Desoxy-3-epiamino-Vitamin D3 | —— | C27H45N | 383.661 |
—— | (5Z,7E)-9,10-seco-cholesta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-one | 125521-02-0 | C27H42O | 382.63 |
—— | (5E)-10-Oxo-19-norcholecalciferol | 62743-71-9 | C26H42O2 | 386.618 |
—— | (1R,2R,3R,Z)-5-(2-((1R,7aR,E)-1-((R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-7a-methyloctahydro-4H-inden-4-ylidene)ethylidene)-2-(3-hydroxypropoxy)-4-methylenecyclohexane-1,3-diol | —— | C30H50O5 | 490.724 |
艾地骨化醇 | Eldecalcitol | 104121-92-8 | C30H50O5 | 490.724 |
—— | (7E)-(3S,6S)-6,19-cyclo-9,10-seco-5(10),7-cholestadien-3-ol | 40803-65-4 | C27H44O | 384.646 |
胆固醇 | cholesterol | 57-88-5 | C27H46O | 386.662 |
—— | (E)-3-[(1R,3aR,7aR)-1-((R)-1,5-dimethylhexyl)-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-prop-2-en-1-ol | 1314446-07-5 | C21H36O | 304.516 |
—— | (1R,3aR,7aR)-1-((R)-1,5-dimethylhexyl)-4-vinyl-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-indene | 188577-74-4 | C20H34 | 274.49 |
—— | [(3aS4E)-1t-((R)-1,5-dimethyl-hexyl)-7a-methyl-(3ar,7at)-octahydro-inden-4-yliden]-acetaldehyde | 84928-46-1 | C20H34O | 290.489 |
—— | vitamin D3 p-nitrobenzoate | 6183-79-5 | C34H47NO4 | 533.751 |
—— | (1R,3aR,7aR)-1-((R)-1,5-Dimethyl-hexyl)-4-{1-hydroxy-2-[(S)-5-hydroxy-2-methylene-cyclohex-(Z)-ylidene]-ethyl}-7a-methyl-octahydro-inden-4-ol | 174176-73-9 | C27H46O3 | 418.66 |
—— | [(6R)-6-[(1R,3aR,4E,7aR)-4-[(2Z)-2-[(3S,5R)-3,5-bis[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-2-methylidenecyclohexylidene]ethylidene]-1,2,3,3a,5,6,7,7a-octahydroinden-1-yl]-2-methylheptan-2-yl]oxy-triethylsilane | 178765-12-3 | C44H84O3Si3 | 745.406 |