苯丙氨酸学名α-氨基-β-苯基丙酸,是α-氨基酸的一种,包括L型、D型和外消旋DL型。其中,L型为人体必需氨基酸之一。该物质于19世纪80年代末由Schulze和Barbieri首次从羽扇豆幼苗中分离并提出经验化学式C9H11NO2。Erlemeyer和Lipp在1882年通过化学合成首次成功合成了苯丙氨酸,但未对其空间构型进行研究。随后,Fischer于1901年在水解酪蛋白时意外得到了苯丙氨酸,从而推动了对它的深入研究。
D-苯丙氨酸是α-氨基酸的一种,常温下为白色粉末或结晶固体,熔点283℃,等电点(25℃)为5.48,在水中溶解度为27g/L。它微溶于甲醇和乙醇,不溶于醚类物质,并且比旋光度[α]25D=+34.5(c=1.0,H2O)。作为手性中间体,D-苯丙氨酸广泛应用于有机合成、新药研制及多肽类化合物的合成。
化学性质D-苯丙氨酸为白色片状结晶;溶于水,微溶于甲醇和乙醇,不溶于乙醚;分解点为285℃;比旋光度[α]25D=+35°(0.5-2.0 mg/ml,H2O)和[α]25D=+7.1°(0.5-2.0 mg/ml,5 mol/L HCl)。
用途 生化研究该物质用于生化研究。
医药领域D-苯丙氨酸是一种药物中间体,主要用于治疗和防止骨质疏松症、心血管疾病、糖尿病及动脉硬化等病症。它还被用作医药中间体或原料药,用于合成那格列奈等药物。
合成方法以DL-苯丙氨酸为原料,与乙酸酐进行酰化反应,得乙酰DL-苯丙氨酸,经酰化酶拆分、盐酸水解得产品。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
DL-苯丙氨酸 | DL-Phe-OH | 150-30-1 | C9H11NO2 | 165.192 |
L-苯丙氨酸 | L-phenylalanine | 63-91-2 | C9H11NO2 | 165.192 |
D-苯丙氨酸甲酯 | D-phenylalanine methyl ester | 21685-51-8 | C10H13NO2 | 179.219 |
甲基 3-苯基-DL-丙氨酸酯 | DL-phenylalanine methyl ester | 15028-44-1 | C10H13NO2 | 179.219 |
L-苯丙氨酸甲酯 | methyl (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoate | 2577-90-4 | C10H13NO2 | 179.219 |
—— | α-hydrazino-D-phenylalanine | 1202-30-8 | C9H12N2O2 | 180.206 |
(2S)-2-氨基-3-苯基丙酸乙酯 | phenylalanine ethyl ester | 1795-96-6 | C11H15NO2 | 193.246 |
(R)-2-叠氮基-3-苯基丙酸 | (R)-2-azido-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 118460-00-7 | C9H9N3O2 | 191.189 |
3-苯基丙酸 | 3-Phenylpropionic acid | 501-52-0 | C9H10O2 | 150.177 |
D-苯丙氨酸1.1-二甲基乙基酯 | t-butyl (RS)-phenylalaninate | 16367-71-8 | C13H19NO2 | 221.299 |
氨基苄基丙二酸 | amino-benzyl-malonic acid | 108203-41-4 | C10H11NO4 | 209.202 |
alpha-氨基-苯丙酰胺 | (R,S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropionamide | 17193-31-6 | C9H12N2O | 164.207 |
N-乙酰-DL-苯丙氨酸 | (R,S)-N-acetyl phenylalanine | 2901-75-9 | C11H13NO3 | 207.229 |
N-乙酰-D-苯丙氨酸 | (R)-N-acetylphenylalanin | 10172-89-1 | C11H13NO3 | 207.229 |
—— | DL-phenylalanine benzyl ester | 2462-32-0 | C16H17NO2 | 255.316 |
DL-苯丙氨酸苄酯 | D-phenylalanine benzyl ester | 47004-38-6 | C16H17NO2 | 255.316 |
—— | (R)-N-benzyl-phenylalanine | 85114-36-9 | C16H17NO2 | 255.316 |
—— | N-carbamyl-D-phenylalanine | 54896-72-9 | C10H12N2O3 | 208.217 |
—— | 2-amino-3-phenylpropanenitrile | 50288-70-5 | C9H10N2 | 146.192 |
苯丙酮酸 | 2-oxo-3-(phenyl)propionic acid | 156-06-9 | C9H8O3 | 164.161 |
N-氯乙酰-D-苯丙氨酸 | N-Chloroacetyl-D-phenylalanine | 137503-97-0 | C11H12ClNO3 | 241.674 |
N-乙酰基-D-苯基丙氨酸甲酯 | (R)-N-acetylphenylalanine methyl ester | 21156-62-7 | C12H15NO3 | 221.256 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
L-苯丙氨酸 | L-phenylalanine | 63-91-2 | C9H11NO2 | 165.192 |
DL-苯丙氨酸 | DL-Phe-OH | 150-30-1 | C9H11NO2 | 165.192 |
D-苯丙氨酸甲酯 | D-phenylalanine methyl ester | 21685-51-8 | C10H13NO2 | 179.219 |
L-苯丙氨酸甲酯 | methyl (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoate | 2577-90-4 | C10H13NO2 | 179.219 |
D-酪氨酸 | tyrosine | 556-02-5 | C9H11NO3 | 181.191 |
L-酪氨酸 | L-tyrosine | 60-18-4 | C9H11NO3 | 181.191 |
4-碘-D-苯丙氨酸 | 4-iodo-D-phenylalanine | 62561-75-5 | C9H10INO2 | 291.088 |
—— | (S)-2-hydrazinyl-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 1202-31-9 | C9H12N2O2 | 180.206 |
α-甲基-D-苯丙氨酸 | (R)-2-amino-2-methyl-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 17350-84-4 | C10H13NO2 | 179.219 |
乙基D-苯丙氨酸酯 | D-phenylalanine ethyl ester | 20529-91-3 | C11H15NO2 | 193.246 |
D-苯丙氨醇 | (R)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanol | 5267-64-1 | C9H13NO | 151.208 |
(R)-2-氨基-3-(3-羟基苯基)丙酸 | D-m-tyrosine | 32140-49-1 | C9H11NO3 | 181.191 |
(2R)-N-乙基苯丙氨酸 | (2R)-N-ethylphenylalanine | 105806-84-6 | C11H15NO2 | 193.246 |
N-甲酰-D-苯丙氨酸 | N-formylphenylalanine | 59366-89-1 | C10H11NO3 | 193.202 |
(R)-2-叠氮基-3-苯基丙酸 | (R)-2-azido-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 118460-00-7 | C9H9N3O2 | 191.189 |
D-苯丙氨酸异丙酯 | (R)-phenylalanine isopropyl ester | 69655-59-0 | C12H17NO2 | 207.272 |
—— | phenylalanine butyl ester | 120109-15-1 | C13H19NO2 | 221.299 |
—— | (S)-2-Hydrazino-3-phenyl-propionic acid methyl ester | 205748-85-2 | C10H14N2O2 | 194.233 |
—— | D-phenylalanine tert-butyl ester | 6404-30-4 | C13H19NO2 | 221.299 |
D-苯丙氨酸1.1-二甲基乙基酯 | t-butyl (RS)-phenylalaninate | 16367-71-8 | C13H19NO2 | 221.299 |
—— | (R)-2-Amino-3-phenyl-propionic acid 2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl ester | 1027918-54-2 | C13H19NO4 | 253.298 |
—— | (2R)-2-(Methylamino)-3-phenylpropan-1-ol | 102339-81-1 | C10H15NO | 165.235 |
—— | (R)-phenylalanine octyl ester | 1268166-98-8 | C17H27NO2 | 277.407 |
D-2-羟基苯丙氨酸 | (2R)-2-amino-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid | 24008-77-3 | C9H11NO3 | 181.191 |
(2R)-N-异丁基苯丙氨酸 | (2R)-N-isobutylphenylalanine | 105806-89-1 | C13H19NO2 | 221.299 |
D-苯丙氨酰胺 | D-Phenylalaninamide | 5241-59-8 | C9H12N2O | 164.207 |
—— | (2R)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl chloride | 79299-21-1 | C9H10ClNO | 183.637 |
4-硝基-D-苯丙氨酸 | (R)-4-nitro-phenylalanine | 56613-61-7 | C9H10N2O4 | 210.189 |
D-4-苯甲酰基苯丙氨酸 | D-(R)-4-(benzoyl)phenylalanine | 201466-03-7 | C16H15NO3 | 269.3 |
(R)-2-叠氮基-3-苯基丙酸甲酯 | (R)-2-azido-3-phenylpropionic acid methyl ester | 124790-74-5 | C10H11N3O2 | 205.216 |
N-乙酰-D-苯丙氨酸 | (R)-N-acetylphenylalanin | 10172-89-1 | C11H13NO3 | 207.229 |
N-乙酰-DL-苯丙氨酸 | (R,S)-N-acetyl phenylalanine | 2901-75-9 | C11H13NO3 | 207.229 |
—— | carbamothioyl-D-phenylalanine | —— | C10H12N2O2S | 224.283 |
DL-苯丙氨酸苄酯 | D-phenylalanine benzyl ester | 47004-38-6 | C16H17NO2 | 255.316 |
—— | N-carbamyl-D-phenylalanine | 54896-72-9 | C10H12N2O3 | 208.217 |
—— | (S)-3-phenyl-2-ureido-propionic acid | 949-45-1 | C10H12N2O3 | 208.217 |
—— | (2S)-1-[2-[2-[(2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]-3-phenylpropan-2-amine | 80757-34-2 | C22H32N2O3 | 372.508 |
—— | N-benzyloxy-L-phenylalanine | 96866-10-3 | C16H17NO3 | 271.316 |
(R)-2-氨基-3-苯基丙基氨基甲酸酯 | solriamfetol | 178429-62-4 | C10H14N2O2 | 194.233 |
—— | D-4-sulfophenylalanine | 1212221-09-4 | C9H11NO5S | 245.256 |
(2R)-3-苯基-1,2-丙二胺 | (R)-benzylethylenediamine | 85612-59-5 | C9H14N2 | 150.224 |
D-苯基丙氨酸甲酰胺 | D-phenylalanine methylamide | 144836-90-8 | C10H14N2O | 178.234 |
N-(甲氧羰基)-D-苯丙氨酸 | (R)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)phenylalanine | 67401-65-4 | C11H13NO4 | 223.229 |
—— | (R)-2-(2-Hydroxy-acetylamino)-3-phenyl-propionic acid | 143231-00-9 | C11H13NO4 | 223.229 |
—— | (R)-1-benzyl-prop-2-enylamine | 756462-76-7 | C10H13N | 147.22 |
甘氨酰-D-苯丙氨酸 | glycyl-D-phenylalanine | 34258-14-5 | C11H14N2O3 | 222.244 |
—— | cyclohexyl-D-phenylalanine | —— | C15H21NO2 | 247.337 |
S-2-苄基氮杂环丙烷 | (S)-2-benzylaziridine | 73058-30-7 | C9H11N | 133.193 |
(R)-2-苄基-氮丙啶 | (R)-2-benzylaziridine | 77184-95-3 | C9H11N | 133.193 |
2-苄基氮丙啶 | 2-benzylaziridine | 13906-90-6 | C9H11N | 133.193 |
—— | (R)-1-benzyl-3-hydroxypropylamine | 228422-44-4 | C10H15NO | 165.235 |
2-亚氨基-3-苯丙酸 | 2-imino-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 118221-38-8 | C9H9NO2 | 163.176 |
—— | phenyl-D-phenylalanine | 105754-24-3 | C15H15NO2 | 241.29 |
—— | N-phenyl-L-phenylalanine | 149069-75-0 | C15H15NO2 | 241.29 |
苯丙酮酸 | 2-oxo-3-(phenyl)propionic acid | 156-06-9 | C9H8O3 | 164.161 |
—— | (S)-2-mercapto-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 84800-13-5 | C9H10O2S | 182.243 |
—— | (R)-2-mercapto-3-phenylpropanoic acid | 84800-12-4 | C9H10O2S | 182.243 |
—— | methyl (R)-2-(3-methylbut-1-yl-amino)-3-phenylpropanoate | —— | C15H23NO2 | 249.353 |
—— | N-bromoacetyl-D-phenylalanine | 36753-68-1 | C11H12BrNO3 | 286.125 |
—— | (R)-2-Amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol-1,1-d(2) | 63386-40-3 | C9H13NO | 153.192 |
(R)-2-溴-3-苯基丙酸 | (S)-(alpha)-bromobenzenepropanoic acid | 42990-55-6 | C9H9BrO2 | 229.073 |
D-3-苯乳酸 | D-phenyllactic acid | 7326-19-4 | C9H10O3 | 166.177 |
(S)-2-溴-3-苯基丙酸 | (S)-2-bromo-3-phenylpropionic acid | 35016-63-8 | C9H9BrO2 | 229.073 |
DL-3-苯基-2-羟丙酸 | phenyllactic acid | 828-01-3 | C9H10O3 | 166.177 |
(R)-(-)-2-氯 3-苯丙酸 | (2R)-2-chloro-3-phenylpropionic acid | 94347-44-1 | C9H9ClO2 | 184.622 |
N-(乙氧羰基)-(d)-苯丙氨酸 | N-(Ethyloxycarbonyl)-D-Phe | 21488-23-3 | C12H15NO4 | 237.255 |
N-乙酰基-D-苯基丙氨酸甲酯 | (R)-N-acetylphenylalanine methyl ester | 21156-62-7 | C12H15NO3 | 221.256 |
—— | D-Phe-NMe2 | 230643-52-4 | C11H16N2O | 192.261 |
—— | N-(phenylmethylene)-L-phenylalaninemethyl ester | 137693-23-3 | C17H17NO2 | 267.327 |
—— | N-(3-mercaptopropionyl)-L-phenylalanine | 112093-08-0 | C12H15NO3S | 253.322 |
A new methodology has been developed to access highly enantioenriched α,α-difluoromethyl alcohols by means of sulfoxides as traceless and chiral auxiliaries.