Metabolism of sorbic acid in rats is identical to that of normally occurring fatty acids. Under normal conditions of intake, sorbic acid is almost completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. Traces (0.1% of dose) may be converted by oxidation to trans,trans-muconic acid.
1,4-Dinitro-2-methylpyrrole, a mutagenic product formed by the interaction of two common food additives, sorbic acid and sodium nitrite, was transformed to 1-nitro-2-methyl-4-aminopyrrole by human fecal mixtures and various intestinal bacterial strains.
Following oral administration of radiolabelled sorbic acid, ... the total recovery of radioactivity was approx. 100% of the low and high doses. The major route of metabolism of sorbic acid was via expired CO2 with approx. 85% of the administered radioactivity being recovered as CO2 within 4-10 hours p.a. From the rate and extent of this metabolism, it may be concluded that sorbic acid is rapidly and quantitatively absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Sorbic acid is white crystalline solid or powder. It is used as intermediate for plasticizers and lubricants. In addition, it is used as preservative and antimicrobial agent for foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. To improve the characteristics of drying oils. In alkyd type coatings to improve gloss. To improve milling characteristics of cold rubber. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Application of 150 mg of sorbic acid to human skin for 1 hr produced severe irritation. An allergic response to sorbic acid (2.5% in petrolatum) reportedly occurred in five of 606 eczema patients suspected of having contact sensitivities, who were tested over a 3-year period. Allergic contact dermatitis from sorbic acid has most frequently been reported after the use of topical medicaments such as corticosteroid creams that contain this preservative. Twenty-five cases of contact allergy were reported to Unguentum Merck, most of which were due to sorbic acid. Sorbic acid can also cause stinging and nonimmunologic contact urticarial reactions. Ocular irritation associated with the use of a hydrogel lens care system containing 0.10% sorbic acid was observed in 15% of 135 patients. Genotoxicity studies with HeLa cells and plasmid DNA did not find either mutagenic or genotoxic activities. ANIMAL STUDIES: A 4 hour semiocclusive application of sorbic acid to the intact skin of three rabbits did not produce erythema nor edema. Sorbic acid was not a primary irritant or sensitizer when applied in 0.1 M concentrations to guinea pig skin. It was characterized as a severe irritant following application of 1 mg to rabbit skin. The proliferation and survival of rabbit corneal epithelial cells in tissue culture were reduced in the presence of 0.1% sorbic acid. No adverse effects were noted in rats fed sorbic acid at dietary levels of 1, 2, 4, and 8% for 90 days. Similarly, there were not adverse findings when sorbic acid was fed to puppies at a 4% dietary level for 90 days. Sorbic acid at dietary levels of 1, 5, or 10% for 80 weeks fed to male and female mice and 0, 1.5, or 10% for 2 years fed to male and female rats did not increase the number of deaths or the incidence of spontaneous histological lesions, including tumors. However, mice fed a diet containing 15% sorbic acid for 88 weeks exhibited a high incidence of hepatoma. The hepatomas that developed in mice fed a 15% sorbic acid diet were considered to be induced both by the chronic depletion of the hepatic glutathione and by the gradual production of various promutagens in the intestine which were absorbed and metabolically activated by the liver. There was no adverse effect on the blood or internal organs of rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs after prolonged feeding at 1 to 500 times the amount used in foods. In developmental studies in rabbits, no treatment-related maternal or developmental effects were observed at 300 mg/kg bw/day. Maternal findings in the mid dose group included increased respiratory rate following administration, decreased body weight gain and rough surface of the spleen. Maternal findings in high dose females included increased respiratory rate following administration, death, abortion, decreased body weight and body weight gain, marked decrease in food consumption and pathological findings upon necropsy (rough surface and reduced size of the spleen). Statistically significant reductions in mean fetal and placental weights and the viability of the fetuses were observed at the mid and high dose levels. Sorbic acid was inactive in vitro in the Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblast micronucleus test and the SHE cell transformation test. When administered orally at doses up to 5000 mg/kg, sorbic acid increased the frequency of micronuclei in mice. A significant increase in the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges was observed in bone marrow cells of mice following intraperitoneal injection with 75, 100, or 150 mg/kg of sorbic acid, but not with 25 or 50 mg/kg. When mice were fed a diet containing 15% sorbic acid for a period of up to 6 months, ether extracts of the intestinal contents of the mice were not mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA98, but the acidic components obtained by fractionating the either extracts showed slight mutagenic activity after the addition of a metabolic activation system. These results suggested that mutagens were gradually produced in the intestine and moved into the liver where they were metabolically activated. Sorbic acid was negative in the Salmonella reverse mutation assay (Ames test) with and without metabolic activation. Sorbic acid was also negative in the Chinese hamster fibroblast chromosomal aberration test.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性(未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶被吸收进入人体。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
吸入症状
咳嗽。喉咙痛。
Cough. Sore throat.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
皮肤症状
红斑。疼痛。
Redness. Pain.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Following oral administration of radiolabelled sorbic acid, ... the total recovery of radioactivity was approx. 100% of the low and high doses. The major route of metabolism of sorbic acid was via expired CO2 with approx. 85% of the admininstered radioactivity being recovered as CO2 within 4-10 hours post administration. From the rate and extent of this metabolism, it may be concluded that sorbic acid is rapidly and quantitatively absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
[EN] BENZAMIDE OR BENZAMINE COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS ANTICANCER AGENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HUMAN CANCERS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS BENZAMIDE OU BENZAMINE À UTILISER EN TANT QU'ANTICANCÉREUX POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE CANCERS HUMAINS
申请人:UNIV TEXAS
公开号:WO2017007634A1
公开(公告)日:2017-01-12
The described invention provides small molecule anti-cancer compounds for treating tumors that respond to cholesterol biosynthesis inhibition. The compounds selectively inhibit the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in tumor-derived cancer cells, but do not affect normally dividing cells.
[EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
申请人:GILEAD APOLLO LLC
公开号:WO2017075056A1
公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
[EN] S-NITROSOMERCAPTO COMPOUNDS AND RELATED DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE S-NITROSOMERCAPTO ET DÉRIVÉS APPARENTÉS
申请人:GALLEON PHARMACEUTICALS INC
公开号:WO2009151744A1
公开(公告)日:2009-12-17
The present invention is directed to mercapto-based and S- nitrosomercapto-based SNO compounds and their derivatives, and their use in treating a lack of normal breathing control, including the treatment of apnea and hypoventilation associated with sleep, obesity, certain medicines and other medical conditions.
Compositions for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Chronic Diseases
申请人:Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
公开号:US20150231142A1
公开(公告)日:2015-08-20
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
[EN] AGENTS AND METHODS FOR TREATING DYSPROLIFERATIVE DISEASES<br/>[FR] AGENTS ET MÉTHODES POUR TRAITER DES MALADIES DYSPROLIFÉRATIVES
申请人:MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER
公开号:WO2019161345A1
公开(公告)日:2019-08-22
Compounds are described with the general formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, and n are defined as anywhere herein, which are useful for the treatment of cancer and other dysproliferative diseases.