ACGIH: TWA 0.1 ppm; STEL 0.3 ppmNIOSH: TWA 0.1 ppm(1.4 mg/m3); STEL 0.3 ppm(4 mg/m3)
物理描述:
Carbon tetrabromide appears as a colorless crystalline solid. Much more dense than water and insoluble in water. Toxic by ingestion. Vapors are narcotic in high concentration. Used to make other chemicals.
颜色/状态:
Colorless, monoclinic tablets
气味:
Slight odor.
蒸汽密度:
11.4
蒸汽压力:
0.72 mm Hg @ 25 °C
分解:
When heated to decomp it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen bromide/.
UNDER ANAEROBIC REDUCING CONDITIONS POLYHALOGENATED METHANES, CBR4, FORM COMPLEXES WITH FERROUS CYTOCHROME P450. CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTED AS A METABOLIC PRODUCT OF THE INTERACTION.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
四溴甲烷在体外被代谢产生一氧化碳,但其体内的意义尚未确定。
Carbon tetrabromide is metabolized in vitro to produce carbon monoxide but the in vivo significance has not been established.
Bromine is mainly absorbed via inhalation, but may also enter the body through dermal contact. Bromine salts can be ingested. Due to its reactivity, bromine quickly forms bromide and may be deposited in the tissues, displacing other halogens. (L626)
Bromine is a powerful oxidizing agent and is able to release oxygen free radicals from the water in mucous membranes. These free radicals are also potent oxidizers and produce tissue damage. In additon, the formation of hydrobromic and bromic acids will result in secondary irritation. The bromide ion is also known to affect the central nervous system, causing bromism. This is believed to be a result of bromide ions substituting for chloride ions in the in actions of neurotransmitters and transport systems, thus affecting numerous synaptic processes. (L626, L627, A543)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性(未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Bromine vapour causes irritation and direct damage to the mucous membranes. Elemental bromine also burns the skin. The bromide ion is a central nervous system depressant and chronic exposure produces neuronal effects. This is called bromism and can result in central reactions reaching from somnolence to coma, cachexia, exicosis, loss of reflexes or pathologic reflexes, clonic seizures, tremor, ataxia, loss of neural sensitivity, paresis, papillar edema of the eyes, abnormal speech, cerebral edema, delirium, aggressiveness, and psychoses. (L625, L626, L627)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
这种物质可以通过吸入和摄入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
暴露途径
吸入,吞食,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
The dihalopropene compounds of the general formula \x9bI! have excellent insecticidal/acaricidal activity, so that they are satisfactorily effective for the control of noxious insects, mites and ticks.
[EN] HORMONE RECEPTOR MODULATORS FOR TREATING METABOLIC MUTAGENIC AND FIBROTIC CONDITIONS AND DISORDERS<br/>[FR] MODULATEURS DU RÉCEPTEUR HORMONAL POUR LE TRAITEMENT D'ÉTATS ET DE TROUBLES MÉTABOLIQUES MUTAGÈNES ET FIBROTIQUES
申请人:ARDELYX INC
公开号:WO2019055808A1
公开(公告)日:2019-03-21
The invention relates to activators of FXR useful in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, liver disease, intestinal disease, kidney disease, cancer, and other diseases in which FXR plays a role, having the Formula (I): wherein L1, A, X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, R1, R2, and R3 are described herein.
A Simplified Protocol for the Stereospecific Nickel-Catalyzed C–S Vinylation Using NiX2 Salts and Alkyl Phosphites
作者:Austin D. Marchese、Bijan Mirabi、Egor M. Larin、Mark Lautens
DOI:10.1055/s-0039-1690717
日期:2020.1
A Ni-catalyzed C–S cross-coupling using only NiI2 (0.5–2.5 mol%) and P(OiPr)3 (2.0–10.0 mol%) is reported. Using an air-stable Ni(II) precatalyst, and a cheap and commercially available ligand, a scalable and robust method was developed to cross-couple various thiophenols and styryl bromides, including some sterically encumbered thiols, an α-bromocinnamaldehyde as well as a thiolation-cyclization.
据报道,仅使用NiI 2(0.5–2.5 mol%)和P(O i Pr)3(2.0–10.0 mol%)的Ni催化的C–S交叉偶联。使用空气稳定的Ni(II)预催化剂和便宜的市售配体,开发了一种可扩展且稳健的方法来交叉偶联各种硫酚和苯乙烯基溴化物,包括一些空间受限的硫醇,α-溴肉桂醛和硫醇化环化。
Comparative Analysis of the Olfactory Properties of Silicon/Germanium/Tin Analogues of the Lily-of-the-Valley Odorants Lilial and Bourgeonal
The silicon/germanium/tin analogues of the lily‐of‐the‐valley odorants lilial (rac‐1 a), compounds rac‐1 b, rac‐1 c, and rac‐1 d, and bourgeonal (2 a), compounds 2 b, 2 c, and 2 d, were synthesized and characterized for their olfactory properties, including GC–olfactometry studies. Compounds rac‐1 a–c and 2 a–c possess a typical lily‐of‐the‐valley odor, whereas the stanna‐analogues rac‐1 d and 2 d
Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I) or stereoisomers or salts thereof, wherein: X1, X2, X3, W, Q1, Q2, and G2 are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.