阿糖尿苷是一种医药中间体,用于合成阿糖胞苷,后者不仅用作抗病毒药物,还特别适用于治疗白血病。
制备 第一步:2′,3′,5′-三-O-乙酰核糖尿嘧啶(2)的合成在100 mL 三颈圆底烧瓶中加入1.0 g (3.14 mmol) 四乙酰核糖和15 mL 1,2-二氯乙烷,冰浴冷却至0℃。随后,缓慢加入0.70 g (2.69 mmol) SnCl4与10 mL 1,2-二氯乙烷的悬浊液,并迅速滴加2,4-二甲硅烷基尿嘧啶1.0 g (3.91 mmol),得到浅黄色溶液。在室温下反应30小时后,加入1,2-二氯乙烷稀释溶液,然后用饱和碳酸氢钠水解。将所得凝乳状物通过铺有一层Al2O3的砂芯漏斗抽滤,并分出有机层。干燥、抽滤和浓缩后得到糖浆状产物0.90 g,收率为69%。
第二步:尿嘧啶核苷(3)的合成将0.1 g (4.35 mmol) 金属钠加入50 mL 无水甲醇中,冷却至室温后缓慢滴加0.90 g (2.43 mmol) 化合物2。在室温下反应8小时后,使用732#强酸性阳离子交换树脂(H+)调节pH值至5。过滤并浓缩滤液,通过乙醇重结晶得到固体0.41 g,收率为70%,熔点为165℃~167℃。
第三步:2,2′-脱水-1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶(4)的合成在25 mL 单颈圆底烧瓶中加入4 mL 干燥的DMF、1.98 g (8.11 mmol) 尿嘧啶核苷(3),浴温加热至80℃溶解后,再加入2.16 g (0.01 mmol) 碳酸二苯酯和20 mg (0.24 mmol) 碳酸氢钠。将温度升至150℃反应30分钟,趁热倒入40 mL 无水乙醚中冷却后,褐色油状物质慢慢固化。倾出乙醚并重复两次,通过甲醇重结晶得到产物1.25 g,收率为71.0%,熔点为248~250℃(文献资料:熔点244~246℃)。
第四步:1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶(5)的合成向250 mL 单颈圆底烧瓶中加入1.25 g (5.53 mmol) 2,2′-脱水-1-(β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖)尿嘧啶(4),并加入104 mL 体积分数为50%的乙酸,待固体完全溶解后,再加入1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠水溶液7.3 mL。静置过夜直至TLC检测反应完全。用732#强酸性阳离子交换树脂(H+)调节pH值至5,并使用乙醇洗涤树脂以合并滤液并浓缩。最后重结晶得到晶体1.0 g,收率为74.1%,熔点为220~223℃(文献资料:熔点220~222℃)。
生物活性1-β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖尿嘧啶(Uracil 1-β-D-arabinofuranoside)是从加勒比海绵 Tectitethya crypta 中分离出的一种甲氧基腺苷衍生物。研究表明,该化合物具有多种生物活性,包括抗炎、镇痛和血管舒张特性,并且能够抑制小鼠淋巴瘤细胞的增殖。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
尿嘧啶核苷 | uridine | 58-96-8 | C9H12N2O6 | 244.204 |
—— | 5'-O-Acetyl-uridin | 6773-44-0 | C11H14N2O7 | 286.241 |
5-碘尿苷 | 5-iodouridine | 1024-99-3 | C9H11IN2O6 | 370.101 |
阿糖胞苷 | arabinosyl cytosine | 147-94-4 | C9H13N3O5 | 243.219 |
2’,3’邻异亚丙基尿苷 | 2',3'-O-isopropylideneuridine | 362-43-6 | C12H16N2O6 | 284.269 |
2',3',5'-三乙酰尿苷 | Tri-O-acetyluridine | 4105-38-8 | C15H18N2O9 | 370.316 |
2',3'-O-(异亚丙基)尿苷5'-乙酸酯 | 5'-O-Acetyl-2',3'-O-isopropyliden-uridin | 15922-23-3 | C14H18N2O7 | 326.306 |
2,3,5-三苯甲酰尿苷 | tribenzoyl uridine | 1748-04-5 | C30H24N2O9 | 556.529 |
2'-氟-2'-脱氧尿苷 | 2'-deoxy-2'-fluorouridine | 784-71-4 | C9H11FN2O5 | 246.195 |
—— | 1-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-4-chloropyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 4418-14-8 | C30H23ClN2O8 | 574.974 |
—— | 2,2'-anhydro-1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil | 847650-91-3 | C9H10N2O5 | 226.189 |
2,2'-脱水尿苷 | 2,2'-Anhydrouridine | 3736-77-4 | C9H10N2O5 | 226.189 |
吉西他滨 | Gemcitabine | 95058-81-4 | C9H11F2N3O4 | 263.201 |
—— | 2,2'-Anhydrouridine 3'-carbamate | 87186-13-8 | C10H11N3O6 | 269.214 |
—— | 2,2''-anhydro-1-(3'',5''-di-O-acetyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil | 28309-53-7 | C13H14N2O7 | 310.263 |
阿糖腺苷 | arabinosyl adenine | 5536-17-4 | C10H13N5O4 | 267.244 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 3-methyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | 17676-62-9 | C10H14N2O6 | 258.231 |
—— | 2'-O-amino uridine | —— | C9H13N3O6 | 259.219 |
—— | 1-(5'-O-lauroyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil | 1111240-40-4 | C21H34N2O7 | 426.51 |
1-(5-O-膦酰呋喃戊糖基)-2,4(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮 | arabinosyluracil-5'-monophosphate | 18354-06-8 | C9H13N2O9P | 324.184 |
—— | 3-propyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | —— | C12H18N2O6 | 286.285 |
1-β-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷胸腺嘧啶 | thymine arabinoside | 605-23-2 | C10H14N2O6 | 258.231 |
1-b-D-Arabinosyl-5-氟尿嘧啶 | 1-(β-D-Arabinofuranosyl)-5-fluoruracil | 131-06-6 | C9H11FN2O6 | 262.195 |
—— | aBrUra | —— | C9H11BrN2O6 | 323.1 |
1-beta-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖基-5-碘尿嘧啶 | 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-iodouracil | 3052-06-0 | C9H11IN2O6 | 370.101 |
—— | 1-(3'-O-lauroyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil | 1111240-41-5 | C21H34N2O7 | 426.51 |
—— | 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil | 28608-82-4 | C10H14N2O7 | 274.23 |
5-乙炔基尿苷 | 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-ethynyluracil | 84558-90-7 | C11H12N2O6 | 268.226 |
阿糖胞苷 | arabinosyl cytosine | 147-94-4 | C9H13N3O5 | 243.219 |
—— | 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-4-thiouracil | 32754-06-6 | C9H12N2O5S | 260.271 |
—— | 5-allyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | 80402-49-9 | C12H16N2O6 | 284.269 |
1-(beta-D-阿拉伯呋喃糖基)-5-[(E)-2-碘乙烯基]-2,4(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮 | 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-(E)-5-(2-iodovinyl)pyrimidin-2,4(3H)-dione | 87535-95-3 | C11H13IN2O6 | 396.139 |
—— | 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-trimethylstannylpyrimidin-2,4(3H)-dione | 909039-57-2 | C12H20N2O6Sn | 407.011 |
—— | 5'-O-triphenylmethyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | 6160-58-3 | C28H26N2O6 | 486.524 |
—— | 5-(phenylselenyl)arabinosyluracil | 101760-66-1 | C15H16N2O6Se | 399.262 |
—— | 4-methylamino-1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one | 13491-42-4 | C10H15N3O5 | 257.246 |
—— | 1-(β-D-Arabinofuranosyl)-4-hydroxylamino-2(1H)-pyrimidinon | 13491-41-3 | C9H13N3O6 | 259.219 |
—— | 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-nitrouracil | 69321-94-4 | C9H11N3O8 | 289.202 |
—— | 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil-5-(N-butyl)hept-6-ynamide | 1311414-21-7 | C20H29N3O7 | 423.466 |
—— | 4-dimethylamino-1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 82855-64-9 | C11H17N3O5 | 271.273 |
—— | 5'-O-monomethoxytritylarabinouridine | 87418-73-3 | C29H28N2O7 | 516.551 |
—— | DMT(-5)D-Araf(b)-uracil-1-yl | 82854-27-1 | C30H30N2O8 | 546.577 |
—— | aUY11 | 1052063-11-2 | C31H22N2O6 | 518.525 |
—— | 1-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-4-O-(difluoromethyl)uracil | 102302-66-9 | C10H12F2N2O6 | 294.212 |
—— | 3-[(2-methylphenyl)methyl]-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | —— | C17H20N2O6 | 348.356 |
—— | N3-phenacyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | —— | C17H18N2O7 | 362.339 |
—— | 1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil | 84500-33-4 | C15H17IN2O9 | 496.212 |
—— | 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-4-thio-5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil | 1383568-07-7 | C10H14N2O6S | 290.297 |
—— | 1-[(6aR,8R,9S,9aS)-9-hydroxy-2,2,4,4-tetraisopropyl-tetrahydro-6H-furo[3,2-f][1,3,5,2,4] trioxadisilocin-8-yl]-3H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 104477-70-5 | C21H38N2O7Si2 | 486.713 |
—— | 4-morpholino-1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 82855-65-0 | C13H19N3O6 | 313.31 |
—— | 1-(tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 4348-69-0 | C30H24N2O9 | 556.529 |
—— | 3-(1-phenylethyl)-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil | —— | C17H20N2O6 | 348.356 |
—— | 1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-ethynyluracil | 88425-49-4 | C17H18N2O9 | 394.338 |
—— | 1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-(methoxymethyl)cytosine | 1383568-10-2 | C11H17N3O6 | 287.272 |
—— | 1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine | 6742-07-0 | C15H19N3O8 | 369.331 |
2’-氨基-D-尿苷 | 2'-amino-2'-deoxyuridine | 26889-39-4 | C9H13N3O5 | 243.219 |
—— | N4-phenoxyacetylcytidine | —— | C17H19N3O7 | 377.354 |
—— | 5-fluoro-1-(tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione | 17242-86-3 | C30H23FN2O9 | 574.519 |
—— | arabinouridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-glycinyl)]-phosphate | 1228437-59-9 | C24H26N3O10P | 547.458 |
—— | 4-azido-ara-C | 196706-06-6 | C9H11N5O5 | 269.217 |
—— | 2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxyisoindole-1,3-dione | 203866-62-0 | C17H15N3O8 | 389.321 |
—— | arabinouridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate | 1228437-57-7 | C25H28N3O10P | 561.485 |
—— | arabinouridine-5'-[phenyl-(benzoxy-D-alaninyl)]-phosphate | 1228437-56-6 | C25H28N3O10P | 561.485 |
—— | arabinouridine-5'-[1-naphthyl-(isopropoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate | 1228437-60-2 | C25H30N3O10P | 563.501 |
阿糖肌苷 | 9-β-D-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine | 7013-16-3 | C10H12N4O5 | 268.229 |
—— | Trifluoro-methanesulfonic acid (2R,3S,3aR,9aR)-2-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-5,5,7,7-tetraisopropyl-tetrahydro-1,4,6,8-tetraoxa-5,7-disila-cyclopentacycloocten-3-yl ester | 169514-34-5 | C22H37F3N2O9SSi2 | 618.776 |
—— | 2-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-[[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenylmethoxy]methyl]-2-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl]oxyisoindole-1,3-dione | 203866-63-1 | C38H33N3O10 | 691.694 |
阿糖腺苷 | arabinosyl adenine | 5536-17-4 | C10H13N5O4 | 267.244 |
9-Β-D-糖呋喃鸟嘌呤 | 9-β-D-arabinofuranosylguanine | 38819-10-2 | C10H13N5O5 | 283.244 |
—— | 3’,5’-O-(tetraisopropyl-disiloxane-1,3-diyl)-2’-O-phthalimidouridine | 203866-58-4 | C29H41N3O9Si2 | 631.83 |
—— | 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-N2-methylguanine | 74491-87-5 | C11H15N5O5 | 297.271 |
氟达拉滨 | Fludarabine | 21679-14-1 | C10H12FN5O4 | 285.235 |
—— | 2-chloro-9-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine | 10147-12-3 | C10H12ClN5O4 | 301.689 |
9-beta-D-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-2,6-二氨基嘌呤 | 2,6-diamino-9-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-purine | 34079-68-0 | C10H14N6O4 | 282.259 |
—— | 9-(β-D-Arabinofuranosyl)-6-n-propoxy-9H-purine | 121032-30-2 | C13H18N4O5 | 310.31 |
—— | 2-amino-9-β-D-arabinofuranosylpurine-6(1H)-thione | 32976-84-4 | C10H13N5O4S | 299.31 |
—— | 2'-N-phthalimido-2'-deoxyuridine | 173099-58-6 | C17H15N3O7 | 373.322 |
—— | 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-methyladenine | 74317-44-5 | C11H15N5O4 | 281.271 |
2’,3’-二脱氢-2’,3’-二脱氧尿苷 | 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrouridine | 5974-93-6 | C9H10N2O4 | 210.189 |
奈拉滨 | nelarabine | 121032-29-9 | C11H15N5O5 | 297.271 |
—— | 9-(2,3,5-Tri-O-acethyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-thioguanin | 34793-14-1 | C16H19N5O7S | 425.422 |
—— | Azathioprine arabinooside | 120416-99-1 | C14H15N7O6S | 409.382 |