原料药中间体是指在药物合成过程中用于生成最终活性成分(即原料药)的化学物质。这些中间体在制药工业中扮演着重要角色,它们通过一系列化学反应逐步转化成成品药物。根据其在生产过程中的位置和功能,可以将原料药中间体分为以下几个类别:
起始物料:这类中间体是最初用于合成最终产品的原材料。它们通常来源于天然产物、化工产品或其他已经存在的化合物。
关键中间体:这些中间体在整个合成过程中起着核心作用,通常是通过复杂的化学反应得到的。它们对于确保原料药的质量和成本效益至关重要。
保护基团:在药物合成中使用这类中间体是为了对某些敏感部分进行临时性或选择性的“保护”,防止它们在不必要的位置上发生副反应。保护完成后可通过特定条件去除这些保护基。
催化剂和添加剂:虽然不直接形成最终产品,但这些物质能够促进化学反应、提高产率或改善产品的质量特性。
分离纯化溶剂:这类中间体主要用于原料药合成过程中的提纯步骤。它们帮助从目标产物中去除杂质并提高产品的纯度。
选择合适的原料药中间体对于保证药物的安全性和有效性至关重要,因此,在其开发过程中需要考虑多个因素,包括成本效益、反应条件的可控性以及环境友好型等方面。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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1,14-二溴-3,6,9,12-四恶十四烷 | 1,14-dibromo-3,6,9,12-tetraoxatetradecane | 57602-02-5 | C10H20Br2O4 |
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1,10-菲咯林-4-甲酸 | 1,10-phenanthroline-4-carboxylic acid | 31301-27-6 | C13H8N2O2 |
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1,1-二甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙胺 | N,N-dimethylacetamide dimethyl acetal | 18871-66-4 | C6H15NO2 |
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1,1-二氧-3,3-二丁基-5-苯基-7-甲硫基-8-羟基-2,3,4,5-四氢-1,5-苯并噻氮平 | 3,3-dibutyl-8-hydroxy-7-(methylthio)-5-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepine 1,1-dioxide | 439088-16-1 | C24H33NO3S2 |
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1,1-二乙氧乙烷 | 2-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolane | 679840-30-3 | C9H8BrFO2 |
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1,1-二丁氧基三甲胺 | N,N-dimethylformamide di-n-butyl acetal | 18503-90-7 | C11H25NO2 |
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1,1,7-四甲基-8-甲氧基久洛利定 | 1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-8-methoxyxyjulolidine | 1073190-53-0 | C17H25NO |
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1,1,7,7-四甲基久洛尼定 | 1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidine | 325722-28-9 | C16H23N |
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1,1,4,4,6-五甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢化萘 | 1,1,4,4,6-pentamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene | 6683-48-3 | C15H22 |
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1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-九氟壬烷 | 1-(perfluorobutyl)pentane | 1190430-21-7 | C9H11F9 |
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1'-EPI2',2'-二氟-2'-脱氧尿苷 | 1'-Epi 2',2'-Difluoro-2'-deoxyuridine | 153381-14-7 | C9H10F2N2O5 |
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(羟基乙基)脲 | (2-hydroxyethyl)urea | 2078-71-9 | C3H8N2O2 |
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(碘甲基)环丁烷 | cyclobutylmethyl iodide | 16408-62-1 | C5H9I |
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(甲基亚砜亚胺基)苯 | S-methyl-S-phenylsulfoximine | 4381-25-3 | C7H9NOS |
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(叔丁基)[(3beta,5E,7E,22E)-9,10-开环麦角甾-5,7,10(19),22-四烯-3-基氧基]二甲基硅烷 | (5E)-vitamin D<sub>2</sub> tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether | 104846-63-1 | C34H58OSi |
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(±)-扁桃酰胺 | (RS)-mandelamide | 4410-31-5 | C8H9NO2 |
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(alphaS,3S)-alpha-[(叔-丁基氧羰基)氨基]-2-氧代-3-吡咯烷丙酸甲酯 | methyl (S)-2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-3-((S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)propanoate | 328086-60-8 | C13H22N2O5 |
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(alphaS)-alpha-甲基2-(1-甲基乙基)-4-噻唑基甲基氨基甲酰基氨基-4-吗啉丁酸甲酯 | methyl (S)-2-(3-((2-isopropylthiazol-4-yl)methyl)-3-methylureido)-4-morpholinobutanoate | 1004316-91-9 | C18H30N4O4S |
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(alphaS)-3-乙氧基-4-甲氧基-alpha-[(甲基磺酰基)甲基]-苯甲胺 | (S)-1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)ethanamine | 608141-42-0 | C12H19NO4S |
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(alphaR)-alpha-[[[2-(4-硝基苯基)乙基]氨基]甲基]苯甲醇盐酸盐 | (R)-2-((4-nitrophenethyl)amino)-1-phenylethanol hydrochloride | 521284-21-9 | C16H18N2O3*ClH |
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(aR,3aS,4S,6S,7aR)-六氢-3a,8,8-三甲基-alpha-(2-甲基丙基)-4,6-甲桥-1,3,2-苯并二氧硼烷-2-甲胺 2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐 | (1R)-3-methyl-1-[(3aS,4S,6S,7aR)-3a,5,5-trimethylhexahydro-4,6-methano-1,3,2-benzodioxaborol-2-yl]butan-1-amine trifluoroacetate | 179324-87-9 | C2HF3O2*C15H28BNO2 |
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(Z)-嘧菌酯 | azoxystrobin | 143130-94-3 | C22H17N3O5 |
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(Z)-克罗米通 | 2-Butenamide, N-ethyl-N-(2-methylphenyl)-, (Z)- | 124236-30-2 | C13H17NO |
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(Z)-5-苄基-7-(羟基亚氨基)-5-氮杂螺[2.4]庚-4-酮 | 4-oxo-5-benzyl-7-hydroxyimino-5-azaspiro[2,4]heptane | 129306-06-5 | C13H14N2O2 |
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(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸 | (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)acrylic acid | 1388842-44-1 | C13H7F6N3O2 |
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(Z)-2-(2-叔丁氧羰基氨基噻唑-4-基)-2-戊烯酸 | (Z)-2-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylaminothiazol-4-yl)-2-pentenoic acid | 86978-24-7 | C13H18N2O4S |
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(Z)-11-十六碳烯-1-乙酸盐 | (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate | 34010-21-4 | C18H34O2 |
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(S,Z)-5-氨基-2-(二苄基氨基)-1,6-二苯基己-4-烯-3-酮 | (5S)-2-amino-5-dibenzylamino-4-oxo-1,6-diphenylhex-2-ene | 156732-13-7 | C32H32N2O |
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(S,S)-4,6-二(4-异丙基-2-恶唑啉-2-基)-对二甲苯 | (S,S)-1,5-dimethyl-2,4-bis(4-isopropyl-1,3-oxazolin-2-yl)benzene | 929896-22-0 | C20H28N2O2 |
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(S,S)-2,8-二氮杂二环[4,3,0]壬烷 | (1S,6S)-2,8-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane | 151213-40-0 | C7H14N2 |
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(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇 | (S)-cis-Verbenol | 18881-04-4 | C10H16O |
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(S)-n-boc-3-氨基-4-羟基丁酸 | (S)-3-((tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-4-hydroxybutanoic acid | 83345-44-2 | C9H17NO5 |
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(S)-N-缩水甘油邻苯二甲酰亚胺 | (S)-N-glycidylphthalimide | 161596-47-0 | C11H9NO3 |
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(S)-N-Boc-2,3-氨基环氧丙烷 | (S)-tert-butyl (oxiran-2-ylmethyl)carbamate | 161513-47-9 | C8H15NO3 |
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(S)-N-((3-(3-氟-4-(哌嗪-1-基)苯基)-2-氧代噁唑啉-5-基)甲基)乙酰胺 | (S)-N-[[3-[3-fluoro-4-(1-piperazinyl)phenyl]-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl]methyl]acetamide | 154590-66-6 | C16H21FN4O3 |
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(S)-6-氯-3,4-二氢-2H-噻吩[3,2-E]-1,2-噻嗪-4-醇 1,1-二氧化氮 | (S)-3,4-dihydro-6-chloro-4-hydroxy-4H-thieno[3,2-e]-1,2-thiazine-1,1-dioxide | 160982-16-1 | C6H6ClNO3S2 |
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(S)-5-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢-N-丙基-2-萘胺 | (S)-5-methoxy-N-propyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine | 101403-24-1 | C14H21NO |
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(S)-5-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢-N-(苯甲基)-2-萘胺 | (S)-(-)-2-(N-benzylamino)-5-methoxytetralin | 58349-23-8 | C18H21NO |
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(S)-5-氯-alpha-(环丙基乙炔基)-2-[((4-甲氧基苯基)甲基)氨基]-alpha-(三氟甲基)苯甲醇 | (S)-5-chloro-α-(cyclopropylethynyl)-2-<<(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl>amino>-α-(trifluoromethyl)benzenemethanol | 173676-60-3 | C21H19ClF3NO2 |
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(S)-5-(叔丁氧羰基)-5-氮杂螺[2.4]庚烷-6-羧酸 | (S)-5-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-5-azaspiro[2.4]heptane-6-carboxylic acid | 1129634-44-1 | C12H19NO4 |
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(S)-4-[1-羟基-2-(甲基氨基)乙基]邻苯二酚 | (S)-4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]pyrocatechol | 150-05-0 | C9H13NO3 |
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(S)-4-(4-((2-(3,5-二甲基苯基)吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯氧基)-3-氟苯甲酰胺 | JSPA06508 | 1174130-61-0 | C26H27FN2O2 |
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(S)-3-苄氧羰基-4-异丙基-2,5-恶唑烷二酮 | (S)-3-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-isopropyl-2,5-oxazolidinedione | 158257-41-1 | C14H15NO5 |
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(S)-3-氰基-5-甲基己酸乙酯 | (S)-3-cyano-5-methylhexanoic acid ethyl ester | 181289-39-4 | C10H17NO2 |
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(S)-3-氨基甲基-7-(3-羟基-丙氧基)-3H-苯并[c][1,2]噁硼烷-1-醇 | epetraborole | 1093643-37-8 | C11H16BNO4 |
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(S)-3-氨基-3-苯基丙酸乙酯 | ethyl (3S)-3-amino-3-phenylpropionate | 3082-69-7 | C11H15NO2 |
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(S)-3-氨基-3-苯基-1-丙醇盐酸盐 | (S)-3-amino-3-phenylpropan-1-ol hydrochloride | 936499-93-3 | C9H13NO*ClH |
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(S)-3-哌啶甲酸乙酯 | (S)-(+)-nipecotic acid ethyl ester | 37675-18-6 | C8H15NO2 |
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(S)-3-(二甲基氨基)-1-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-甲基-1-丙酮 | (2S)-3-dimethylamino-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-1-propanone | 850222-40-1 | C13H19NO2 |
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(S)-3-((2S,4R)-4-溴-4-((2S,4S)-四氢-4-异丙基-5-羰基呋喃-2-基)-2-异丙基丁酮基)-4-苄基恶唑烷酮-2-酮 | (S)-4-benzyl-3-((2S,4R)-4-bromo-2-isopropyl-4-((2S,4S)-4-isopropyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-butanoyl)oxazolidin-2-one | 173154-00-2 | C24H32BrNO5 |
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