Interactions between small molecules and biomolecules are important physiologically and for biosensing, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. To investigate these interactions, small molecules can be tethered to substrates through standard coupling chemistries. While convenient, these approaches co-opt one or more of the few small-molecule functional groups needed for biorecognition. Moreover, for multiplexing, individual probes require different surface functionalization chemistries, conditions, and/or protection/deprotection strategies. Thus, when placing multiple small molecules on surfaces, orthogonal chemistries are needed that preserve all functional groups and are sequentially compatible. Alternately, we approach high-fidelity small-molecule patterning by coupling small-molecule neurotransmitter precursors, as examples, to monodisperse asymmetric oligo(ethylene glycol)alkanethiols during synthesis and prior to self-assembly on Au substrates. We use chemical lift-off lithography to singly and doubly pattern substrates. Selective antibody recognition of prefunctionalized thiols was comparable to or better than recognition of small molecules functionalized to alkanethiols after surface assembly. These findings demonstrate that synthesis and patterning approaches that circumvent sequential surface conjugation chemistries enable biomolecule recognition and afford gateways to multiplexed small-molecule functionalized substrates.
小分子与
生物大分子之间的相互作用对于生理以及
生物传感、诊断和治疗应用都非常重要。为了研究这些相互作用,可以通过标准偶联
化学方法将小分子与底物连接起来。虽然这些方法很方便,但它们只能选择
生物识别所需的少数小分子官能团中的一个或多个。此外,为了实现多路复用,单个探针需要不同的表面官能化
化学方法、条件和/或保护/去保护策略。因此,当在表面上放置多个小分子时,需要正交的
化学方法来保留所有官能团,并在顺序上兼容。此外,我们还采用了另一种高保真小分子图案化方法,即在合成过程中将小分子神经递质前体与单分散不对称寡(
乙二醇)烷
硫醇耦合,然后在
金基底上进行自组装。我们使用
化学升华光刻技术对基底进行单层和双层图案化。
抗体对预官能化
硫醇的选择性识别能力与表面组装后对烷
硫醇官能化小分子的识别能力相当或更好。这些研究结果表明,绕过顺序表面共轭
化学的合成和图案化方法能够实现
生物分子识别,并为多路复用小分子功能化基底提供了途径。