D-吡喃木糖 | 10257-31-5

• 物质功能分类: 生物化工 - 糖类化合物 - 单糖
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物
• 中文名称: D-吡喃木糖
• 英文名称: D-Xylose
• 英文别名: xylose；D-xylopyranose；(3R,4S,5R)-oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
• CAS: 10257-31-5
• 化学式: C₅H₁₀O₅
• mdl: MFCD00064360
• 分子量: 150.131
• InChiKey: SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N

物化性质

• 物理描述：
  Solid
• 熔点：
  90.5°C
• 溶解度：
  555.0 mg/mL
• 碰撞截面：
  134.6 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -2.5
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  1.0
• 拓扑面积：
  90.2
• 氢给体数：
  4
• 氢受体数：
  5

ADMET

代谢

...大鼠肝脏微粒体催化将UDP-木糖转移到胆红素上...

...RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES CATALYZE THE TRANSFER OF...XYLOSE TO BILIRUBIN, FROM...UDP-XYLOSE...

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

大约60%被吸收的木糖被代谢成二氧化碳和水，D-苏糖醇以及其他未识别的代谢物/人类，口服/。

ABOUT 60% OF ABSORBED XYLOSE IS METABOLIZED TO CARBON DIOXIDE & WATER, D-THREITOL, & OTHER UNIDENTIFIED METABOLITES /HUMAN, ORAL/.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

在给定的字符串中，提到了通过给豚鼠注射放射性碳14标记的D-木糖，然后在4小时内通过呼吸排出的二氧化碳中回收了10.8%的放射性，而在5小时内的尿液中回收了41.3%的放射性碳。其中，大约60%的尿液中的放射性是D-木糖。

AFTER IP INJECTION OF (14)C-LABELED D-XYLOSE INTO GUINEA PIGS, 10.8 OF RADIOACTIVITY WAS RECOVERED AS EXPIRED CARBON DIOXIDE IN 4 HR & 41.3 AS URINARY (14)CARBON IN 5 HR. APPROX 60 OF URINARY RADIOACTIVITY WAS D-XYLOSE.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

(14)C标记的D-吡喃酮酸被完整动物以及肾脏和肝脏体外实验氧化成标记的二氧化碳。豚鼠对D-木糖的氧化可能涉及其最初转化为D-吡喃酮酸，随后发生脱羧。

(14)C-LABELED D-XYLONIC ACID WAS OXIDIZED TO LABELED CARBON DIOXIDE BY INTACT ANIMALS & IN VITRO BY KIDNEY & LIVER. OXIDATION OF D-XYLOSE BY GUINEA PIG PROBABLY INVOLVES ITS INITIAL CONVERSION TO D-XYLONIC ACID & SUBSEQUENT DECARBOXYLATION.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

体外肾脏和肝脏能够将D-木糖氧化成二氧化碳。肝提取物可以在吡啶核苷酸作为辅酶的情况下催化转化成D-木糖酸。这种酶活性与肝葡萄糖脱氢酶不同。

IN VITRO KIDNEY & LIVER COULD OXIDIZE D-XYLOSE TO CARBON DIOXIDE. LIVER EXTRACT COULD CATALYZE CONVERSION TO D-XYLONIC ACID WITH PYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE AS COFACTOR. THIS ENZYME ACTIVITY WAS DIFFERENT FROM HEPATIC GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

D-木糖缓解了嘌呤霉素和环己酰亚胺对胚胎鸡软骨中整个胫骨和股骨的乙酸盐嵌入硫酸软骨素的抑制作用。

D-XYLOSE RELIEVED INHIBITION BY PUROMYCIN & CYCLOHEXIMIDE OF INCORPORATION OF ACETATE INTO CHONDROITIN SULFATE IN WHOLE TIBIAS & FEMURS OF EMBRYONIC CHICKEN CARTILAGE.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

在志愿者中，将瓜尔豆胶添加到D-木糖的口服剂量中，减缓了D-木糖在胃肠道的吸收。D-木糖的总吸收量及其血浆半衰期并未受到影响。

ADDN OF GUAR TO ORAL DOSAGE OF D-XYLOSE SLOWED DOWN GI ABSORPTION OF D-XYLOSE IN VOLUNTEERS. TOTAL AMT ABSORBED & PLASMA T/2 OF D-XYLOSE WERE NOT AFFECTED.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

同期使用消炎痛（吲哚美辛）、新霉素、苯乙双胍、秋水仙碱或大剂量氨基水杨酸与D-木糖，会抑制肠道对D-木糖的吸收/减少/排出的糖量...阿司匹林/减少尿液中的D-木糖排泄/可能是通过改变肾功能。

CONCOMITANT ADMIN OF INDOMETHACIN, NEOMYCIN, PHENFORMIN, COLCHICINE, OR LARGE DOSES OF AMINOSALICYLIC ACID WITH D-XYLOSE INHIBITS INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF D-XYLOSE /REDUCING/ QUANTITIES OF SUGAR BEING EXCRETED...ASPIRIN /REDUCES URINARY EXCRETION OF D-XYLOSE/ APPARENTLY BY ALTERING RENAL FUNCTION.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 人类毒性摘录

副作用发生率低。恶心、肠道胀气、肠鸣音、痉挛、腹部不适和腹泻在服用25克口服剂量后经常发生...在服用5克口服剂量后很少发生，除了非常小的婴儿/不良反应，口服/

LOW INCIDENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS. NAUSEA, INTESTINAL BLOATING, BORBORYGMI, CRAMPING, ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORT, & DIARRHEA OCCUR FREQUENTLY FOLLOWING 25-G ORAL DOSE...RARELY OCCUR FOLLOWING 5-G ORAL DOSE, EXCEPT IN VERY SMALL INFANTS /ADVERSE EFFECT, ORAL/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

木糖已被证明能够从大鼠的一般循环中进入房水，因此能够接触到晶状体。

XYLOSE HAS BEEN SHOWN TO GET INTO AQ HUMOR /OF RATS/ FROM GENERAL CIRCULATION & THEREFORE TO HAVE ACCESS TO LENS.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

从GI肠道吸收...5克的剂量比25克的剂量吸收得更快更完全...至少60%...在小肠的近端部分吸收...不依赖于胆汁或胰液的的存在.../血药浓度峰值/在1到2小时...5小时后降至0 /人类，口服5克或25克/。

/ABSORBED/ FROM GI TRACT...5-G DOSES...ABSORBED MORE RAPIDLY & COMPLETELY THAN ARE 25-G DOSES...AT LEAST 60%...ABSORBED IN PROXIMAL PART OF SMALL INTESTINE... NOT DEPENDENT UPON PRESENCE OF BILE OR PANCREATIC JUICE.../PEAK BLOOD LEVELS/ 1 TO 2 HR...TO 0 AFTER...5 HR /HUMAN, ORAL 5 OR 25 G/.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

血浆半衰期...大约1小时/静脉注射/...大约60%...代谢为二氧化碳和水，D-苏糖醇，以及...未识别的代谢物...通过尿液排出...大约25%的25克/剂量/和大约35%的5克/剂量/在5小时内未改变地通过尿液排出/人类，口服/。

PLASMA HALF-LIFE...ABOUT 1 HR /IV ADMIN/...ABOUT 60%...METABOLIZED TO CARBON DIOXIDE & WATER, D-THREITOL, &...UNIDENTIFIED METABOLITES...EXCRETED IN URINE...ABOUT 25% OF 25 G /DOSE/ & ABOUT 35% OF 5 G /DOSE/ EXCRETED UNCHANGED IN URINE WITHIN 5 HR /HUMAN, ORAL/.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

尿液排泄/主要通过/肾小球滤过...可能会发生一些肾小管重吸收/人类，口服/。

URINARY EXCRETION /MAINLY BY/ GLOMERULAR FILTRATION...SOME TUBULAR RESORPTION MAY OCCUR /HUMAN, ORAL/.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)