Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. /Turpentine, terpenes, and related compounds/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Turpentine, Terpenes, and related compounds/
/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...Terpineols are irritating to eyes and mucous membranes. Produce hemorrhagic gastritis when ingested. Systemic effects incl weakness and central nervous depression, with hypothermia and resp failure. /Terpineols/
/CASE REPORTS/ The case history and toxicological findings of a fatal PineSol intoxication are presented. An 89-yr-old white female with Alzheimer's disease accidentally drank PineSol and was subsequently brought to the hospital where she was pronounced dead on arrival. Significant autopsy findings included acute erosive gastritis. There appeared to be no aspiration of PineSol into the lungs. Isopropanol along with 1-alpha-terpineol are the two major toxic ingredients of PineSol. ...Postmortem blood, urine, and gastric levels of 1-alpha-terpineol were 11.2 mg/l, 5.76 mg/l, and 15.3 g/l, respectively. Postmortem blood, vitreous humor, urine, and gastric acetone concns were 25, 31, 33, and 28 mg/dl. Postmortem concns of isopropanol were <10 mg/dl in the blood, vitreous humor, urine, and gastric contents. The cause of death was ruled acute 1-alpha-terpineol intoxication due to accidental ingestion of PineSol, presumably caused by confusion related to Alzheimer's disease.
AFTER LETHAL IV PINE OIL 0.1 ML/KG TO HORSE, BLOOD & TISSUE LEVELS OF ALPHA-TERPINEOL 150-300 PPM WERE OBSERVED. AFTER SMALLER PINE OIL DOSES (0.033 ML/KG) BLOOD LEVELS BECAME UNDETECTABLE AFTER 2 HR, & NO TISSUE LEVELS DETECTED (TIME NOT SPECIFIED).
Iron-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Alkenes
作者:Peng Lu、Xiang Ren、Haofeng Xu、Dongpo Lu、Yufeng Sun、Zhan Lu
DOI:10.1021/jacs.1c04773
日期:2021.8.18
for the first time an iron-catalyzed highlyenantioselectivehydrogenation of minimally functionalized 1,1-disubstituted alkenes to accesschiral alkanes with full conversion and excellent ee. A novel chiral 8-oxazoline iminoquinoline ligand and its iron complex have been designed and synthesized. This protocol is operationally simple by using 1 atm of hydrogen gas and shows good functional group tolerance
Synthesis of O-alkylhydroxylamines by electrophilic amination of alkoxides
作者:Oliver F. Foot、David W. Knight
DOI:10.1039/b002388o
日期:——
The 3-trichloromethyloxaziridine 7 reacts smoothly with
lithium alkoxides, derived from a representative range of alcohols,
transferring an NHBoc function to the oxygen to provide good to excellent
yields of N-Boc-O-alkylhydroxylamines 8–16 by this
new O-amination protocol.
Direct Access to Primary Amines from Alkenes by Selective Metal‐Free Hydroamination
作者:Yi‐Dan Du、Bi‐Hong Chen、Wei Shu
DOI:10.1002/anie.202016679
日期:2021.4.26
selective synthesis of primary aminesfrom easily available precursors is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we report the rapid synthesis of primary aminesfrom alkenes via metal‐free regioselective hydroamination at room temperature. Ammonium carbonate was used as ammonia surrogate for the first time, allowing for efficient conversion of terminal and internal alkenes into linear, α‐branched, and α‐tertiary
2-(3-indolyl)ethylamine (3) and (S)-(N)-(l-p-menthen-8-yl)-2-(3-indolyl)ethylideneamine (4). The latter has been transformed into (−)-hobartine (6) in 64% yield via a stereoselective biomimetic cyclization by treatment with HCOOH. This unambiguous synthesis establishes the hitherto unknown absolute configuration of (−)-hobartin (6). Several model cyclization reactions of N-substituted α-(terpen-8-yl)imine
Gold nanoparticles-catalyzed activation of 1,2-disilanes: hydrolysis, silyl protection of alcohols and reduction of tert-benzylic alcohols
作者:Charis Gryparis、Manolis Stratakis
DOI:10.1039/c2cc35116a
日期:——
Gold nanoparticles supported on TiO2 catalyze under mild conditions the activation of a series of 1,2-disilanes towards hydrolysis and alcoholysis, with concomitant evolution of H2 gas. For the case of tert-benzyl alcohols, the main or only pathway is reduction to the corresponding alkanes.