稳定性:稳定。
禁配物:强氧化剂、强碱、强还原剂。
避免接触的条件:受热。
聚合危害:不聚合。
分解产物:氮氧化物、氯化氢。
间氯硝基苯为浅黄色斜方棱晶。微溶于水,可溶于乙醇、乙醚、苯等大多数有机溶剂。还原时生成间氨基氯苯。该化合物由硝基苯在碘存在下氯化而制得。
用途主要用于制造间氯苯胺、偶氮染料、颜料、药物及杀虫剂等。此外,它也是有机合成原料和染料中间体,广泛用于制备间氯苯胺和间二氯苯等化合物。在生化研究中也具有重要应用价值。
生产方法由硝基苯与铁屑在氯化塔中反应而得。具体步骤为:加入干燥的硝基苯及铁屑,通入氯气,并将温度控制在40-45℃之间。当相对密度达到1.35(25℃)、凝固点为23℃时停止通氯。之后用压缩空气吹除氯及氯化氢约3小时,再用水洗至中性,进行减压分馏,切取凝固点高于22℃的馏分为结晶液。冷却后保持13℃温度2小时,随后升温至43℃,使结晶熔解以获得最终产品。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2-氯-4-硝基苯胺 | 2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline | 121-87-9 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
4-氯-2-硝基苯胺 | 4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline | 89-63-4 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
1-氯-3-亚硝基苯 | 1-chloro-3-nitrosobenzene | 932-78-5 | C6H4ClNO | 141.557 |
2,3-二氯硝基苯 | 1,2-Dichloro-3-nitrobenzene | 3209-22-1 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 192.001 |
2-氯-6-硝基苯胺 | 2-chloro-6-nitroaniline | 769-11-9 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
对硝基氯苯 | 4-chlorobenzonitrile | 100-00-5 | C6H4ClNO2 | 157.556 |
4-氯-2-硝基甲苯 | 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene | 89-59-8 | C7H6ClNO2 | 171.583 |
硝基苯 | nitrobenzene | 98-95-3 | C6H5NO2 | 123.111 |
4-氯-2-硝基溴苄 | 4-chloro-2-nitrobenzyl bromide | 52311-59-8 | C7H5BrClNO2 | 250.479 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2-氯-4-硝基苯胺 | 2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline | 121-87-9 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
3,4-二氯硝基苯 | 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene | 99-54-7 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 192.001 |
2,5-二氯硝基苯 | 2,5-dichloronitrobenzene | 89-61-2 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 192.001 |
4-氯-2-硝基苯胺 | 4-Chloro-2-nitroaniline | 89-63-4 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
1-氯-3-亚硝基苯 | 1-chloro-3-nitrosobenzene | 932-78-5 | C6H4ClNO | 141.557 |
2-氯-1-碘-4-硝基苯 | 3-chloro-4-iodonitrobenzene | 41252-96-4 | C6H3ClINO2 | 283.453 |
2-氯-4-硝基苯酚 | 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol | 619-08-9 | C6H4ClNO3 | 173.556 |
3-氯苯基羟胺 | N-(3-chlorophenyl)hydroxylamine | 10468-17-4 | C6H6ClNO | 143.573 |
2,3-二氯硝基苯 | 1,2-Dichloro-3-nitrobenzene | 3209-22-1 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 192.001 |
2-氯-6-硝基苯胺 | 2-chloro-6-nitroaniline | 769-11-9 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
4-氯-2-硝基苯酚 | p-chloro-o-nitrophenol | 89-64-5 | C6H4ClNO3 | 173.556 |
3,4-二硝基氯苯 | 3,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene | 610-40-2 | C6H3ClN2O4 | 202.554 |
2-氯-6-硝基苯酚 | 2-chloro-6-nitrophenol | 603-86-1 | C6H4ClNO3 | 173.556 |
—— | 2-chloro-N-ethyl-4-nitroaniline | 6085-93-4 | C8H9ClN2O2 | 200.625 |
硝基苯 | nitrobenzene | 98-95-3 | C6H5NO2 | 123.111 |
1-氯-2-碘-3-硝基苯 | 1-chloro-2-iodo-3-nitrobenzene | 32337-97-6 | C6H3ClINO2 | 283.453 |
2,6-二氯硝基苯 | 2,6-dichloronitrobenzene | 601-88-7 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 192.001 |
2-溴-3-氯硝基苯 | 2-bromo-1-chloro-3-nitrobenzene | 19128-48-4 | C6H3BrClNO2 | 236.452 |
—— | 2-chloro-4-nitro-N-phenylaniline | 16611-23-7 | C12H9ClN2O2 | 248.669 |
2,4-二氯硝基苯 | 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene | 611-06-3 | C6H3Cl2NO2 | 192.001 |
(2-氯-4-硝基苯基)-乙腈 | (2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)acetonitrile | 89277-99-6 | C8H5ClN2O2 | 196.593 |
2-氯-1-乙氧基-4-硝基苯 | 2-chloro-1-ethoxy-4-nitrobenzene | 5493-71-0 | C8H8ClNO3 | 201.609 |
Nanosized perovskite-type SmFeO3 powder, prepared through the thermal decomposition of Sm[Fe(CN)6].4H2O with an average particle diameter of 28 nm and a specific surface area of 42 m2 g−1, was used as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient and selective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds into the corresponding amines by using propan-2-ol as a hydrogen donor (reducing agent) and KOH as a promoter under microwave irradiation. This highly regio- and chemoselective catalytic method is fast, clean, inexpensive, high yielding and also compatible with the substrates containing easily reducible functional groups. In addition, the nanosized SmFeO3 catalyst can be reused without loss of activity.